Aquilegia sibirica
Aquilegia sibirica (Siberian columbine)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Ranunculales
Family: Ranunculaceae
Genus: Aquilegia
Species:
A. sibirica
Binomial name
Aquilegia sibirica
(Lamarck, 1783)

Aquilegia sibirica, commonly known as the Siberian columbine, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Aquilegia native to the north-central Asian regions of Siberia, northern Mongolia, Kazakhstan, and Xinjiang.[1] A hardy perennial plant, it prefers temperate environments.[2] The Siberian columbine can be between one and two feet tall with flowers that are lilac-blue and white in color.[3]

Description

The Siberian columbine was first described with the binomial Aquilegia sibirica in 1783 within Jean-Baptiste Lamarck's botanical volume for Encyclopédie Méthodique.[4] The plant had been previously described as Aquilegia vulgaris var. sibirica in 1767 within the 12th edition of Systema Naturae.[5]

The plant has nearly glabrous bi- and triternate leaves with leaflets that run between one and two inches across.[3] Stems are leafless, with many terminating in flowers.[6] Siberian columbine flowers are lilac-blue to white. The plant may be between one and two feet in height.[3] The plant's appearance is very proximate to that of Aquilegia flabellata.[7] The plant prefers temperate environments. Like other Aquilegia, Aquilegia sibirica is a hardy perennial plant.[2][7]

Also in common with other Aquilegia, the Siberian columbine possesses nectar spurs. Crosses between Aquilegia sibirica and Aquilegia ecalcarata–the only Aquilegia species that lacks spurred pedals–have been studied to identify the gene responsible for spurred pedals.[8]

Considered a medicinal herb in Mongolia, extracts from Aquilegia sibirica have been researched for and found to possess antifungal qualities.[9]

Distribution

Aquilegia sibirica is native to the north-central Asian regions of Siberia, northern Mongolia, Kazakhstan, and Xinjiang.[2] Evidence for a continuous Euro-Siberian vegetation is found in the distribution of the Siberian columbine considered alongside that of the Aquilegia vulgaris.[10] The population in Middle Siberia is considered a quaternary relict.[11]

The flower was introduced to the United States by the United States Department of Agriculture in 1933.[3] Finnish research has suggested that Aquilegia sibirica is among the Siberian and Far Eastern plants that could prove valuable for northern landscaping.[12]

References

  1. ↑ Encyclopedia of Biodiversity. Academic Press. 5 February 2013. p. 269. ISBN 978-0-12-384720-1. Retrieved 22 September 2023.
  2. 1 2 3 "Aquilegia sibirica". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Archived from the original on 5 January 2023. Retrieved 13 August 2023.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Inventory No. 115: Plant Material Introduced by the Division of Plant Introduction, Bureau of Plant Industry, April 1 to June 30, 1933 (No. 102378–103406). Washington, D.C.: United States Department of Agriculture. July 1935. p. 44. Archived from the original on September 8, 2012. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  4. ↑ "Aquilegia sibirica". International Plant Names Index. Archived from the original on 11 May 2023. Retrieved 13 August 2023.
  5. ↑ "Aquilegia vulgaris var. sibirica". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Archived from the original on 14 August 2023. Retrieved 13 August 2023.
  6. ↑ "Aquilegia sibirica". Alpine Garden Society Plant Encyclopedia. Alpine Garden Society. Archived from the original on 1 November 2023. Retrieved 13 August 2023.
  7. 1 2 "Columbines". University of Saskatchewan. 2 May 2021. Archived from the original on 14 August 2023. Retrieved 13 August 2023.
  8. ↑ Ballerini, Evangeline S.; Min, Ya; Edwards, Molly B.; Kramer, Elena M.; Hodges, Scott A. (8 September 2020). "POPOVICH, encoding a C2H2 zinc-finger transcription factor, plays a central role in the development of a key innovation, floral nectar spurs, in Aquilegia". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. National Academy of Sciences. 117 (36): 22552–22560. Bibcode:2020PNAS..11722552B. doi:10.1073/pnas.2006912117. JSTOR 26969162. PMC 7486772. PMID 32848061. Archived from the original on 13 August 2023. Retrieved 13 August 2023.
  9. ↑ Giordani, Cristiano; Simonetti, Giovanna; Natsagdorj, Damdinsuren; Choijamts, Gotov; Ghirga, Francesca; Calcaterra, Andrea; Quaglio, Deborah; De Angelis, Giulia; Toniolo, Chiara; Pasqua, Gabriella (2020). "Antifungal activity of Mongolian medicinal plant extracts". Natural Product Research. Taylor & Francis. 34 (4): 449–455. doi:10.1080/14786419.2019.1610960. PMID 31135192. S2CID 167220925. Archived from the original on 2023-08-13. Retrieved 2023-08-13.
  10. ↑ Fior, Simone; Li, Mingai; Oxelman, Bengt; Viola, Roberto; Hodges, Scott A.; Ometto, Lino; Varotto, Claudio (5 February 2013). "Spatiotemporal reconstruction of the Aquilegia rapid radiation through next-generation sequencing of rapidly evolving cpDNA regions". New Phytologist. Wiley-Blackwell. 198 (2): 325–633. doi:10.1111/nph.12163. PMID 23379348. Archived from the original on 13 August 2023. Retrieved 13 August 2023.
  11. ↑ Ziman, Svetlana N.; Keener, Carl S. (1989). "A Geographical Analysis of the Family Ranunculaceae". Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden. Missouri Botanical Garden. 76 (4): 1021. doi:10.2307/2399690. JSTOR 2399690. Archived from the original on 2023-08-14. Retrieved 2023-08-14.
  12. ↑ "Hardy plants for landscaping and restoration in northern Finland". Environment, Local Society and Sustainable Tourism (PDF). Artic Centre Reports. Vol. 50. University of Lapland. 2007. p. 63. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2023-08-13. Retrieved 2023-08-13.
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