Senna multiglandulosa
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Subfamily: Caesalpinioideae
Genus: Senna
Species:
S. multiglandulosa
Binomial name
Senna multiglandulosa
Synonyms
List

Senna multiglandulosa, commonly known as glandular senna,[2] downy senna, or buttercup bush[3] is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is native to Mexico, Guatemala, and western parts of South America. It is a shrub with pinnate leaves, usually with six to eight pairs of linear to lance-shaped leaflets, and yellow flowers arranged in groups of ten to twenty, with seven fertile stamens in each flower. It is widely cultivated as an ornamental plant and in some areas of the world has become naturalized.

Description

Senna multiglandulosa is a shrub that typically grows to a height of up to 4 m (13 ft) and has woolly-hairy stems. The leaves are pinnate, 60–80 mm (2.4–3.1 in) long on a petiole 8–12 mm (0.31–0.47 in) long, with six to eight pairs of linear to lance-shaped or oblong leaflets 20–40 mm (0.79–1.57 in) long and 8–12 mm (0.31–0.47 in) wide, spaced 8–12 mm (0.31–0.47 in) apart. There are two to four glands between the lowest pairs of leaflets. The flowers are yellow and arranged on the ends of branchlets and in upper leaf axils in groups of ten to twenty on a peduncle 20–30 mm (0.79–1.18 in) long, each flower on a pedicel 10–12 mm (0.39–0.47 in) long. The petals are 10–20 mm (0.39–0.79 in) long and there are seven fertile stamens, the anthers varying in length from 4 to 7 mm (0.16 to 0.28 in) long, and three staminodes. Flowering occurs from spring to autumn in Australia, and the fruit is a cylindrical pod 60–80 mm (2.4–3.1 in) long, about 6–8 mm (0.24–0.31 in) wide and softly-hairy.[4][5][6]

Taxonomy

This species was first formally described in 1783 by Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin, who gave it the name Cassia multiglandulosa in his Icones Plantarum Rariorum.[7][8] In 1982, Howard Samuel Irwin and Rupert Charles Barneby transferred the species to the genus Senna as S. multiglandulosa in Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden.[1]

Distribution and habitat

Senna multiglandulosa is native to Central and South America, but has been introduced to Australia, New Zealand and New Caledonia.[3] It is sparingly naturalised in south-eastern South Australia, south-western Victoria and near the eastern part of border between Victoria and New South Wales.[4][5][6]

References

  1. 1 2 "Senna multiglandulosa". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 9 August 2023.
  2. ↑ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Senna multiglandulosa". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 10 November 2015.
  3. 1 2 Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk
  4. 1 2 "Senna multiglandulosa". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. Retrieved 9 August 2023.
  5. 1 2 Jeanes, Jeff A.; Stajsic, Val. "Senna multiglandulosa". Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. Retrieved 10 August 2023.
  6. 1 2 Wiecek, Barbara. "Senna multiglandulosa". Royal Botanic Garden Sydney. Retrieved 10 August 2023.
  7. ↑ "Cassia multiglandulosa". Australian Plant Name Index. Retrieved 10 August 2023.
  8. ↑ von Jacquin, Nikolaus J. (1783). Icones Plantarum Rariorum. Vindobonae: C.F. Wappler. p. 8. Retrieved 10 August 2023.
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