Saint Jerome in the Wilderness or Saint Jerome in the Desert is a common subject in art depicting Saint Jerome. In practice the same subject is often given titles such as Saint Jerome in Penitence and Saint Jerome Praying (see Category:Paintings of Jerome). Well-known versions usually given a "wilderness" or "desert" title include:

• Saint Jerome in the Wilderness (Leonardo), unfinished painting by Leonardo da Vinci, c. 1480, now in the Vatican Museums, Rome
• St. Jerome in the Wilderness (Dürer) by Albrecht Durer, executed around 1496, now in the National Gallery in London
• St. Jerome in the Wilderness (Mantegna) attributed to Andrea Mantegna, c. 1450, now in the São Paulo Museum of Art
• Saint Jerome in the Desert (Pinturicchio) by Pinturicchio, c. 1475–80, now in the Walters Art Museum, Baltimore
• Saint Jerome in the Desert (van der Weyden) by Roger van der Weyden or his studio, c. 1450–1465, now in the Detroit Institute of Arts
• St. Jerome in the Desert (Bellini, Birmingham), Giovanni Bellini's earliest known work from c. 1450, now in the Barber Institute of Fine Arts, Birmingham
• St. Jerome in the Desert (Bellini, Florence), a c. 1480 painting by Bellini now in the Uffizi Gallery in Florence
• St. Jerome in the Desert (Bellini, Washington), a later Bellini painting now in the National Gallery of Art in Washington

The Hermit Saints by Hieronymus Bosch, c. 1493, is also an example of this theme.