Rožňava
Town
Town center
Town center
Coat of arms of Rožňava
Coat of arms
Motto: 
Mesto s výhľadom
Rožňava is located in Košice Region
Rožňava
Rožňava
Location of Rožňava in Slovakia
Rožňava is located in Slovakia
Rožňava
Rožňava
Rožňava (Slovakia)
Coordinates: 48°39′30″N 20°31′51″E / 48.65833°N 20.53083°E / 48.65833; 20.53083
Country Slovakia
RegionKošice
DistrictRožňava
First mentioned1291
Government
 • MayorMichal Domik
Area
 • Total45.61[1] km2 (17.61[1] sq mi)
Elevation
306[2] m (1,004[2] ft)
Population
 (2021)
 • Total17,347[3]
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
048 01[2]
Area code+421 58[2]
Car plateRV
Websitewww.roznava.sk

Rožňava (Hungarian: Rozsnyó, German: Rosenau, Latin: Rosnavia) is a town in Slovakia, approximately 71 kilometres (44 miles) by road from Košice in the Košice Region, and has a population of 19,182.

The town is an economic and tourist centre of the Gemer. Rožňava is now a popular tourist attraction with a beautiful historic town centre. The town is an episcopal seat. It has above all food, textile and remnants of mining industries.

History

Archaeological finds show that the region was densely settled by miners as early as around 1200. The first written mention stems from 1291, the royal free town status from 1410. The Roman Catholic diocese of Rozsnyó was founded in 1776.

In the Middle Ages, Rozsnyó was a prosperous mining town for gold, silver, and iron. Mining activities stagnated from the 16th century (when territories to the south of the town were conquered by Ottoman Turks). Mining - this time mainly of iron ore - was renewed around 1800 and was present in the town throughout the 20th century. It was ruled by Ottoman Empire as part of Filek sanjak (Its centre was Rimaszombat) during periods of 1554-1593 and 1596–1686. It was known as "Rojna" during Ottoman period.

The name of the town probably derives from the German word for rose (Rose, in the German name of the town "Rosenau"). Until 1920 it was part of Gömör és Kishont County of the Kingdom of Hungary, and again from 1938 to 1945.

During World War II, Rožňava was captured on 23 January 1945 by troops of the Romanian 4th Army, acting as a part of the Soviet 2nd Ukrainian Front.

On 13 September 2003, Rožňava was visited by Pope John Paul II.

Noteworthy buildings

  • an important Mining Museum
  • a completely preserved medieval central town square with burgher houses
  • the Cathedral (Gothic, late 13th century) with many precious historic art objects, especially a Renaissance painting of Mestercia showing realistic mining motifs, as well as the body of St. Neith, a catacombs Saint.
  • the Town Tower (Renaissance, 1654) in the middle of the central town square
  • the Jesuit church (Baroque, 1687)
  • the Bishop's residence (Baroque-Classical, arose 1778 from older houses) with a plague column in front of the building
  • a town hall (Classical, 1711)
  • an Evangelic Lutheran church (Classical, 1786)
  • a Reformed church (neo-Gothic, 1905)

Demographics

According to the 2001 census, the town had 19,261 inhabitants. 69.27% of inhabitants were Slovaks, 26.80% Hungarians, 1.59% Roma and 0.69% Czechs.[4] The religious make-up was 41.08% Roman Catholics, 32.34% people with no religious affiliation, 12.03% Lutherans and 1.33% Greek Catholics.[4] According to the 2021 census, its inhabitants were 70.36% Slovak, 18.77% Hungarian, 0.95% Roma and 0.36% Czech; the remaining 9.56% inhabitants were of other groups.[5]

Notable citizens

Parts of the town

  • Nadabula
  • Rožňavská Baňa (Rožňava Mine)

Twin towns — sister cities

Rožňava is twinned with:[6]

References

Notes
  1. 1 2 "Hustota obyvateľstva - obce [om7014rr_ukaz: Rozloha (Štvorcový meter)]". www.statistics.sk (in Slovak). Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic. 2022-03-31. Retrieved 2022-03-31.
  2. 1 2 3 4 "Základná charakteristika". www.statistics.sk (in Slovak). Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic. 2015-04-17. Retrieved 2022-03-31.
  3. ↑ "Počet obyvateľov podľa pohlavia - obce (ročne)". www.statistics.sk (in Slovak). Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic. 2022-03-31. Retrieved 2022-03-31.
  4. 1 2 "Municipal Statistics". Statistical Office of the Slovak republic. Archived from the original on 2007-12-17. Retrieved 2007-12-28.
  5. ↑ "Ethnic composition of Slovakia 2021". Retrieved 18 March 2023.
  6. ↑ "Medzinárodné vzťahy" (in Slovak). Rožňava. Retrieved 2019-09-03.
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