Dick Murdoch
Birth nameHoyt Richard Murdoch[1]
Born(1946-08-16)August 16, 1946[2]
Waxahachie, Texas, United States[1]
DiedJune 15, 1996(1996-06-15) (aged 49)[3]
Amarillo, Texas, United States[3]
Cause of deathMyocardial infarction[3]
Alma materWest Texas State University[4]
Children1
FamilyFrankie Murdoch (father)[5]
Killer Tim Brooks (cousin)
Professional wrestling career
Ring name(s)Big Daddy Murdoch[1]
Black Ace
Dick Murdoch[1]
The Invader[1]
Ron Carson[2]
Super Rodeo Machine
The Texan
Billed height6 ft 2 in (188 cm)[6]
Billed weight288 lb (131 kg)[6]
Billed fromWaxahachie, Texas
Trained byKiller Karl Kox
Bob Geigel
Pat O'Connor
Debut1965[2]

Hoyt Richard Murdoch (August 16, 1946 – June 15, 1996) was an American professional wrestler, better known by his ring names "Dirty" Dick Murdoch and "Captain Redneck". He was best known for his time in the World Wrestling Federation and New Japan Pro-Wrestling.[1][2]

Murdoch started his wrestling career in 1965, and three years later, he began teaming with longtime partner Dusty Rhodes as the Texas Outlaws. After they split up, Murdoch wrestled for several territories including the National Wrestling Alliance, Florida Championship Wrestling, and Mid-South Wrestling, also touring overseas. He joined the World Wrestling Federation in 1984 and teamed with Adrian Adonis to form the North-South Connection, winning the WWF Tag Team Championship.

In 1981, Murdoch gained international exposure by joining New Japan Pro-Wrestling and stayed there until 1989. He later wrestled for Jim Crockett Promotions, engaging in feuds with the likes of Ric Flair, Nikita Koloff, and Dusty Rhodes. He also worked for World Championship Wrestling in 1991 as part of a tag team with Dick Slater until going into semi-retirement, while making appearances at the 1995 Royal Rumble and Slamboree 1993: A Legends' Reunion.

Early life

Murdoch was the stepson of wrestler Frankie Hill Murdoch, growing up with fellow second-generation wrestlers Dory Funk Jr. and Terry Funk, watching their fathers wrestle all around Texas.[5][7] He also toted wrestling bears around the street.[8] Dick attended Caprock High School, where he took part in amateur wrestling.[2][4]

Professional wrestling career

Early career (1965–1981)

Murdoch in a match against Dusty Rhodes, c. 1982

Murdoch started wrestling in 1965 as "Ron Carson", working in a tag team with Don Carson.[2] He soon started wrestling under his real name and for territories within the National Wrestling Alliance. In 1968, he formed a championship winning tag team that would continue throughout the early 1970s with Dusty Rhodes called The Texas Outlaws, and during that time he adopted his Dick Murdoch name.[9][10] One of his moves was the brainbuster, which he was taught by Killer Karl Kox.[7] In November 1978, the Outlaws held the NWA Central States Tag Team Championship, as well as the NWA Florida Tag Team Championship for Florida Championship Wrestling in late 1980.[10] Also in 1980, Murdoch partially wrestled for All Japan Pro-Wrestling (where he had debuted in 1973),[7] holding the NWA United National Championship from February 23 to March 5, when Jumbo Tsuruta captured the title.[11]

Mid-South Wrestling (1979–1985)

Murdoch's most noted work as a wrestler came in Mid-South Wrestling in the early 1980s, where he teamed with Junkyard Dog. The pair was the most popular champions in the region, attracting the hardcore, working-class white fans with his "Captain Redneck" persona and JYD drawing the support of the black fan base.[7]

World Wrestling Federation (1983–1985)

In 1984, Murdoch went to the World Wrestling Federation and formed a tag team with Adrian Adonis called "North-South Connection", since Adrian was a New York (North) native while Dick was a Texas (South) native.[12] Both men were involved in a series of vignettes alongside Mean Gene Okerlund, with both men visiting each other's hometowns, not being used with each other's urban and country lifestyles. On April 17, 1984, Murdoch and Adonis defeated Rocky Johnson and Tony Atlas to win the World Tag Team Titles.[13] They defended the titles against the likes of Jack and Jerry Brisco,[14] The Wild Samoans (Afa and Sika)[15] and Sgt. Slaughter and Terry Daniels.[12] They lost the titles on January 21, 1985, to U.S. Express (Barry Windham) and Mike Rotunda, and Murdoch left the WWF not long after.[10]

New Japan Pro-Wrestling (1981–1989)

In 1981, Murdoch started what truly would be his international exposure, by wrestling for New Japan Pro-Wrestling. He entered the MSG Tag League of that year, teaming with fellow Texan Stan Hansen, with the team finishing 3rd place with 36 points, scoring victories over teams such as El Canek and Super Maquina, Riki Choshu and Yoshiaki Yatsu, Seiji Sakaguchi and Kengo Kimura and Antonio Inoki and Tatsumi Fujinami.[16]

In 1982, Murdoch returned for the MSG League 1982 tournament, finishing 4th place with 41 points, scoring victories over wrestlers like The Iron Sheik, Seiji Sakaguchi, Tatsumi Fujinami, Don Muraco and Tiger Toguchi. He also engaged in a few encounters with Hulk Hogan, which ended in double count-out or with Murdoch being disqualified.[17] He once again entered the MSG Tag League, this time with the Masked Superstar with the team finishing 4th place with 21 points, scoring victories over teams such as El Canek and Perro Aguayo, Tiger Toguchi and Killer Khan and Dino Bravo and Murdoch's future tag team partner Adrian Adonis.[17]

In 1983, he mainly feuded with Riki Choshu's Ishin Gundan, mainly wrestling Choshu, Killer Khan, Animal Hamaguchi and Yoshiaki Yatsu.[18] He would once again enter the MSG Tag League of that year, this time teaming with Adonis, with the team reaching the finals with 27.5 points, in a losing effort against the winners Antonio Inoki and Hulk Hogan.[19] A year later, after his team with Adonis officialized while both were in the WWF, they started regularly to team up against New Japan's top tag-team contenders and having encounters against Inoki, Fujinami, Andre The Giant, Gerry Morow, Strong Machines (#1 and #2) and other top threats. Both men individually entered the MSG League, in which Murdoch finished 5th place with 30 points, defeating Ken Patera, Big John Quinn, Otto Wanz and even his own partner Adonis. The team of Murdoch and Adonis entered the MSG Tag League of that year, once again reaching the finals with 23 points, but again coming up short against the winners Inoki and Fujinami.[20]

In 1985, Murdoch entered the IWGP League, a single-elimination system-styled tournament, defeating Kengo Kimura in the first round, advancing to the quarterfinals in which he defeated Seiji Sakaguchi, until losing to Andre the Giant in the semifinals. He and Adonis were wrestling in Japan while both were WWF Tag Team Champions, at one point successfully defending both belts against Kengo Kimura and Tatsumi Fujinami. After both men left the WWF, they wrestled full-time with New Japan Pro-Wrestling, once competing for the vacated WWF International Tag Team Championship against the team they defended their national belts, Kimura and Fujinami, in a losing effort.[7] They tried to gain them in a rematch, but both men came up short. After failing to win the belts, Murdoch and Adonis partied ways and each man went singles competition. Murdoch would resume his singles career by feuding with Inoki and Fujinami, and also having bloody encounters with Abdullah The Butcher and Bruiser Brody. He reunited with the Masked Superstar to compete in the IWGP Tag Team League of that year, with both men finishing 4th place with 19 points, defeating the Kelly Twins (Mike and Pat), Dos Caras and El Canek, and Kendo Nagasaki and Mr. Pogo. In 1986, Murdoch started to feud with the new breed of wrestlers, such as Keiji Mutoh, Shinya Hashimoto, Tatsutoshi Goto and UWF crusaders Akira Maeda, Nobuhiko Takada, as well as veterans like Osamu Kido and Yoshiaki Fujiwara.[21] Murdoch participated in the IWGP League of that year, wrestling his way to the finals, where he lost to Inoki.[21] Later, he and Masked Superstar took another shot at the IWGP Tag Team League tournament, reaching the semifinals where they lost to Akira Maeda and Osamu Kido.[22]

The following year saw Murdoch not having much exposure, as he was wrestling often in tag team action alongside younger foreign wrestlers, such as Scott Hall, Owen Hart, Matt Borne and The Cuban Assassin.[23][24] Later, he found an uncommon tag team partnership with Inoki as both men competed in the Japan Cup Tag Team League together. They wrestled their way to the finals, where both men lost to Kengo Kimura and Tatsumi Fujinami.[25]

In 1988, Adonis returned to NJPW, immediately reuniting with Murdoch, reforming their tag team, and later forming a trio with Owen Hart. Murdoch and Adonis' only title match occurred on June 23, where they unsuccessfully faced reigning IWGP Tag Team Champions Masa Saito and Riki Choshu.[26] The duo teamed together until Adonis' death on July 4, and after that date, Murdoch would not return to Japan for 5 months. In November 1988, Murdoch returned to NJPW, taking part into the Japan Cup Tag Team Elimination League, a round-robin tournament of trios consisting of six-man tag team elimination matches. Murdoch teamed up with Scott Hall and Bob Orton Jr., wrestling their first tournament match on November 17, defeating the six-man combination of Antonio Inoki, Riki Choshu and Kantaro Hoshino, with Murdoch last eliminating Inoki with Orton's assistance.[27] They suffered their first loss at the hands of Masa Saito, Tatsutoshi Goto and Seiji Sakaguchi, but quickly rebounded by defeating Super Strong Machine, The Tiger and The Jaguar, with Murdoch last eliminating the Strong Machine. They later defeated Kengo Kimura, Yoshiaki Fujiwara and Osamu Kido, even though Murdoch got eliminated by Kimura during the match, his team got the win after Orton last eliminated Fujiwara. Their winning streak continued when they defeated George Takano, Steve Armstrong and Tracy Smothers, after Murdoch last eliminated Takano.[27] However, they suffered another loss at the hands of Tatsumi Fujinami, Shinya Hashimoto and Masahiro Chono, but once again quickly rebounded by defeating Hiro Saito, Shiro Koshinaka and Kuniaki Kobayashi, after Murdoch eliminated Kobayashi and Saito. After defeating Buzz Sawyer, Manny Fernandez and Kendo Nagasaki by forfeit, they once again faced the Saito, Sakaguchi and Goto combination. In what would seem to be another loss after Hall and Orton were the two first eliminated, Murdoch single handedly eliminated Sakaguchi and Saito, before finally making quick work out of Goto, eliminating him and avenging their loss. However, the team couldn't reach the finals due to the two losses they suffered.[27]

The year of 1989 saw Murdoch's last stand with New Japan, as he briefly returned in July, facing the likes of Shinya Hashimoto, Hiroshi Hase, Vladimir Berkovich, and Evgeny Artyukhin. His last match occurred on August 5, where he defeated Berkovich.

Jim Crockett Promotions/World Championship Wrestling (1986–1989; 1991)

He briefly wrestled in Mid-South Wrestling again in 1985,[7] before joining the NWA's Jim Crockett Promotions in 1986 as a babyface. He feuded with Ric Flair and campaigned in matches for Flair's NWA World Heavyweight Championship.[7] He also teamed with Ron Garvin against Flair and the Four Horsemen. In early 1987, Murdoch turned heel and joined Ivan Koloff and Vladimir Petrov in their attempt to get Nikita Koloff and Dusty Rhodes. Then a NWA United States Tag Team Champion with Ivan, he injured Nikita's neck after a brainbuster suplex on the floor that summer, resulting in his (kayfabe) suspension for 30 days and the team being stripped of the title.[10] After the summer of 1988, he would turn face again and reunite with Dusty in a feud with Gary Hart's team of Garvin, who had at that time recently turned heel on Rhodes, and Al Perez. He left the NWA and wrestled in Puerto Rico and Japan.

He returned to World Championship Wrestling as one half of the "Hardliners," with Dick Slater in 1991. Once again a heel by this point, the Hardliners debuted as a team on June 12 at Clash of the Champions XV, attacking the Steiner Brothers, Hiroshi Hase and Masahiro Chono after an IWGP Tag Team Championship match between the two teams.[28] They would feud with the Steiners, but Scott suffered an injury, so instead, they wrestled Rick and his different tag team partners throughout the summer.[29]

Later career (1989–1996)

After leaving WCW in 1989, Murdoch went to Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling in Japan from 1989 to 1990. In 1991, he worked in Puerto Rico for the World Wrestling Council, where he won the WWC Television Championship, defeating TNT on November 23, 1991.[30] A month later, he dropped the title to Invader 1.[30] On October 25, 1992, he defeated Invader 1 for the WWC Universal Heavyweight Championship, and also a month later, he dropped the title to Carlos Colon.[31]

He also returned to Japan working for W*ING, WAR and IWA Japan from 1992 to 1994. On May 23, 1993, at Slamboree: A Legends' Reunion, Murdoch teamed with Don Muraco and Jimmy Snuka, fighting Blackjack Mulligan, Jim Brunzell and Wahoo McDaniel to a no-contest.[32] He made a one-night appearance for Extreme Championship Wrestling's Super Summer Sizzler Spectacular on June 19, where he defeated Dark Patriot II.[33] From 1993 to 1994, he worked in Smoky Mountain Wrestling, feuding with Bob Armstrong; during one match, Armstrong held him in a headlock for 23 minutes, and Murdoch worked many ways in and out of the headlock, entertaining the audience.[7]

On January 22, 1995, Murdoch made a surprise appearance the twenty-seventh entrant in the WWF Royal Rumble, but was eliminated by Henry O. Godwinn.[34] He also briefly worked as the manager to Bob Backlund during house shows.[7] Murdoch was defeated by Wahoo McDaniel on May 21 at Slamboree.[35] His last match was a victory over Rod Price at a show in Amarillo, Texas on June 6, 1996.[36]

Personal life

Murdoch was the cousin of wrestler Killer Tim Brooks.[37]

Murdoch appeared in four movies: The Wrestler (1974), Paradise Alley (1978), Grunt! The Wrestling Movie (1985), and Manhattan Merengue! (1995). He also appeared on an episode of Learning The Ropes and an episode of The Jerry Springer Show.[38] Murdoch appeared in various rodeo events, ran his own bar, and did promotional work for Coors beer, as well as participating in drug awareness programs.[7][8][39]

Accusations of racism and KKK affiliation

Over the years, several within professional wrestling who knew Murdoch have said he was racist and was a member of the Ku Klux Klan, including Bad News Brown[40] and his tag team partner Dusty Rhodes. He claimed in his book that Murdoch told him "Let's go change bars", so they drove in a truck down the road near New Orleans; instead of a bar, Rhodes noticed that Murdoch had taken him to a KKK rally.[41] In 2014, Rocky Johnson claimed Murdoch was a member of the Klan and that he once knocked him unconscious during a match stating during an interview, "Because he was KKK and didn't like blacks, he kept kicking me hard and punching me. I said, 'you hit me one more time, I'm hitting you back.' He hit me, and I knocked Murdoch out."[42] Wrestling announcer Jim Ross, on his wrestling podcast "Grilling JR," said Murdoch once showed him his Ku Klux Klan membership card.[43] The claim of Murdoch being in the Klan has been disputed by Jim Cornette on his podcast, stating: "Murdoch was a redneck from West Texas. I'd be inclined to think he was probably not the most tolerant individual of anybody. But I spent a lot of time around him, and he never tried to recruit me to the Klan. I've seen him work with black guys as well as white guys, and not have any problems with any of them unless they had two left feet in the ring."[44]

Other media

Murdoch was featured as a playable character in the 2001 video game Fire Pro Wrestling and 2007 video game Wrestle Kingdom 2.

Death

Murdoch died of a heart attack on June 15, 1996, at the age of 49,[3][45] having taken part in a rodeo earlier that day.[7] He was found dead at 4:30 AM on a couch in his living room by his ex-wife.[7] Murdoch suffered from high blood pressure in later years and had no prior heart problems.[39]

Championships and accomplishments

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Dave Meltzer (1986). The Wrestling Observer's Who's who in Pro Wrestling. Wrestling Observer. p. 81.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Greg Oliver; Steven Johnson (2007). The Pro Wrestling Hall of Fame: The Heels. ECW Press. pp. 347–348. ISBN 978-1-55490-284-2.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Irv Muchnick (2007). Wrestling Babylon: Piledriving Tales of Drugs, Sex, Death, and Scandal. ECW Press. p. 145. ISBN 978-1-55490-286-6.
  4. 1 2 Jim Ross; Jan Ross; Dennis Brent (April 1, 2004). J. R. 's Cookbook: True Ringside Tales, BBQ, and Down-Home Recipes. Simon and Schuster. p. 258. ISBN 978-0-7434-8310-0.
  5. 1 2 Bill Watts; Scott Williams (January 2006). The Cowboy and the Cross: The Bill Watts Story: Rebellion, Wrestling and Redemption. ECW Press. p. 129. ISBN 978-1-55022-708-6.
  6. 1 2 Shields, Brian; Sullivan, Kevin (2009). WWE Encyclopedia. DK. p. 78. ISBN 978-0-7566-4190-0.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Alvarez, Bryan (June 24, 1996). "Dick Murdoch bio, one of the best PPVs of all time put on by WCW, Best of the Super Junior tournament, tons more". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Campbell, California. ISSN 1083-9593.
  8. 1 2 3 "Dick Murdoch's Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame bio". Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame and Museum. Archived from the original on September 16, 2014. Retrieved June 14, 2023.
  9. ↑ Hart, Gary (2009). My Life In Wrestling: With A Little Help From My Friends. United States of America: GEAN Publishing. pp. 33–35. ISBN 978-0692000465.
  10. 1 2 3 4 Lentz III, Harris M. (2003). Biographical Dictionary of Professional Wrestling (2nd ed.). McFarland. p. 249. ISBN 978-0-7864-1754-4.
  11. 1 2 "NWA United National Heavyweight Title". Wrestling Titles. Archived from the original on October 7, 2022. Retrieved June 15, 2023.
  12. 1 2 "The North-South Connection". Online World of Wrestling. Archived from the original on May 1, 2009. Retrieved June 14, 2023.
  13. 1 2 "Adonis and Murdoch's reign". WWE. Archived from the original on December 31, 2005. Retrieved June 14, 2023.
  14. ↑ "Professional World Wrestling Federation At Civic Arena". The Pittsburgh Press. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. January 12, 1985. p. 13. Archived from the original on June 15, 2023. Retrieved June 14, 2023.
  15. ↑ "The Leader-Post". Regina Leader-Post. October 23, 1984. p. 32. Archived from the original on June 15, 2023. Retrieved June 14, 2023. In a tag team championship match, the Wild Samoans will take on champions Adrian Adonis and Dick Murdoch.
  16. ↑ "NJPW: 1981: The 2nd Madison Square Garden Tag Team League". Puroresu Dojo. Archived from the original on November 17, 2022. Retrieved June 15, 2023.
  17. 1 2 "NJPW: 1982: The 3rd Madison Square Garden Tag Team League". Puroresu Dojo. Archived from the original on April 26, 2023. Retrieved June 15, 2023.
  18. ↑ "NJPW: 1983: Summer Fight Series". Puroresu Dojo. Archived from the original on January 14, 2023. Retrieved June 15, 2023.
  19. ↑ "NJPW: 1983: The 4th Madison Square Garden Tag Team League". Puroresu Dojo. Archived from the original on December 23, 2022. Retrieved June 15, 2023.
  20. ↑ "NJPW: 1984: The 5th Madison Square Garden Tag Team League". Puroresu Dojo. Archived from the original on April 7, 2020. Retrieved June 15, 2023.
  21. 1 2 "NJPW: 1986: IWGP Champion Series". Puroresu Dojo. Archived from the original on July 19, 2018. Retrieved June 15, 2023.
  22. ↑ "'86 Japan Cup Tag Team League". Puroresu Dojo. Archived from the original on July 19, 2018. Retrieved June 15, 2023.
  23. ↑ "NJPW: 1987: Summer Night Fever in Kokugikan & Sengoku Kassen Series". Puroresu Dojo. Archived from the original on July 19, 2018. Retrieved June 15, 2023.
  24. ↑ "NJPW: 1987: Blazing Cherry Blossom Bigelow". Puroresu Dojo. Archived from the original on April 26, 2023. Retrieved June 15, 2023.
  25. ↑ "NJPW: 1987: Japan Cup Tag Team League". Puroresu Dojo. Archived from the original on July 19, 2018. Retrieved June 15, 2023.
  26. ↑ "NJPW: 1988: IWGP Champion Series". Puroresu Dojo. Archived from the original on July 19, 2018. Retrieved June 15, 2023.
  27. 1 2 3 "NJPW: 1988: Japan Cup Series". Puroresu Dojo. Archived from the original on July 19, 2018. Retrieved June 15, 2023.
  28. ↑ Colling, Bob (January 31, 2011). "WCW Clash of the Champions XV 6/14/1991". Wrestling Recaps. Archived from the original on October 23, 2020. Retrieved June 15, 2023.
  29. ↑ "WCW Ring Results 1991". The History of WWE. January 16, 2023. Archived from the original on May 16, 2023. Retrieved June 15, 2023.
  30. 1 2 3 "WWC Television Title (Puerto Rico)". Wrestling Titles. Archived from the original on April 4, 2023. Retrieved June 15, 2023.
  31. 1 2 "WWC Universal Heavyweight Title (Puerto Rico)". Wrestling Titles. Archived from the original on April 5, 2023. Retrieved June 15, 2023.
  32. ↑ "Slamboree 1993 results". Online World of Wrestling. Archived from the original on July 5, 2022. Retrieved June 14, 2023.
  33. ↑ Kreikenbohm, Philip. "ECW Super Summer Sizzler Spectacular results". Cagematch.net. Archived from the original on October 21, 2020. Retrieved June 14, 2023.
  34. ↑ Gutschmidt, Adam (August 18, 2004). "Royal Rumble 1995 Re-Revued". Online Onslaught. Archived from the original on February 15, 2010. Retrieved June 14, 2023.
  35. ↑ "Slamboree 1995 results". Online World of Wrestling. Archived from the original on May 18, 2023. Retrieved June 14, 2023.
  36. ↑ Kreikenbohm, Philip. "Blast from the Past 1996 results". Cagematch.net. Archived from the original on June 15, 2023. Retrieved June 14, 2023.
  37. ↑ Branca, Andrew (July 2, 2014). "'Killer' Tim Brooks to retire, close doors on Ellis County Smackdown". Online Athens. Athens Banner-Herald. Archived from the original on June 15, 2023. Retrieved June 14, 2023. Brooks' career in wrestling wasn't planned, it was started by accident when a wrestler didn't make it to a match in Odessa. At the time, Brooks was traveling to wrestling shows with his cousin, Dick Murdoch.
  38. ↑ Ellison, Lillian (2003). The Fabulous Moolah: First Goddess of the Squared Circle. ReaganBooks. p. 153. ISBN 978-0-06-001258-8.
  39. 1 2 Mooneyham, Mike (June 24, 1996). "Murdoch Was Larger Than Life". The Wrestling Gospel. Archived from the original on July 14, 2019. Retrieved June 16, 2021.
  40. ↑ "Bad News Brown - How Murdoch was to Wrestle in Japan, "Classy" Freddie Blassie" (Podcast). Title Match Media LLC. 2005. Event occurs at 0:04. Archived from the original on May 22, 2023. Retrieved June 15, 2023.
  41. ↑ Rhodes, Dusty; Brody, Howard (2012). Dusty: Reflections of Wrestling's American Dream. Sports Publishing. p. 72. ISBN 9781613212448.
  42. ↑ Giri, Raj (October 11, 2014). "The Rock's Father Claims Legendary Wrestler Was In The KKK, Talks Knocking Him Out In The Ring". WrestlingInc.com. Archived from the original on February 22, 2015. Retrieved June 14, 2023.
  43. ↑ Fisher, Kieran (May 16, 2023). "Jim Ross Says He Saw Dick Murdoch's KKK Card, Talks Violent Outbursts". WrestlingInc.com. Archived from the original on May 17, 2023. Retrieved June 15, 2023.
  44. ↑ Jim Cornette (November 11, 2021). "Jim Cornette on Dick Murdoch" (Podcast). YouTube. Event occurs at 13:14. Archived from the original on January 30, 2023. Retrieved June 14, 2023.
  45. ↑ Terry Funk; Scott E. Williams (December 13, 2013). Terry Funk: More Than Just Hardcore. Skyhorse Publishing Company, Incorporated. p. 55. ISBN 978-1-61321-308-7.
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  52. ↑ "NWA/WCW United States Tag Team Title". Wrestling Titles. Archived from the original on December 25, 2022. Retrieved June 15, 2023.
  53. ↑ Royal Duncan & Gary Will (2006). "(Dallas) Texas: NWA American Tag Team Title [Fritz Von Erich]". Wrestling Title Histories. Archeus Communications. ISBN 978-0-9698161-5-7.
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  65. ↑ Meltzer, Dave (December 10, 2012). "Mon. update: Major Spike announcement tomorrow, Aces & 8s identity, TNA injury updates, Hall of Fame inductions announced, WWE two PPVs this weekend, Jericho schedule, Amateur wrestling hits MSG first time ever". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Archived from the original on December 14, 2012. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
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  67. ↑ "Pro Wrestling Illustrated's Top 500 Wrestlers of the PWI Years". Wrestling Information Archive. Archived from the original on March 15, 2008. Retrieved September 15, 2010.
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  69. ↑ "IWA World Tag Team Title (Australia)". Wrestling Titles. Archived from the original on February 7, 2022. Retrieved June 15, 2023.
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