Rohtang Pass
A view from Rohtang Pass
Elevation3,978 m (13,051 ft)
Traversed byLeh-Manali Highway
LocationIndia
RangePir Panjal, Himalayas
Coordinates32°22′17″N 77°14′47″E / 32.37139°N 77.24639°E / 32.37139; 77.24639
Rohtang Pass is located in Himachal Pradesh
Rohtang Pass

Rohtang Pass (Rohtang , lit: རོ་ (Ro)- corpse(s), ཐང་། (thang)- plain/field [1]) is a high mountain pass (elevation 3,980 m (13,058 ft)) on the eastern end of the Pir Panjal Range of the Himalayas around 51 km (32 mi) from Manali in the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh.[2][3][4][5] It connects the Kullu Valley with the Lahaul and Spiti Valleys of Himachal Pradesh, India.

Geography

The pass provides a natural divide between the Kullu Valley with a primarily sanatani culture (in the south), and the arid high-altitude Lahaul and Spiti valleys with a Buddhist culture (in the north). The pass lies on the watershed between the Chenab and Beas basins. On the southern side of this pass, the Beas River emerges from underground and flows southward[6] and on its northern side, the Chandra River (flows from the eastern Himalayas), a source stream of the river Chenab, flows westward.

Overview

The pass is open from May to November. It is not particularly high or difficult to cross on foot by Himalayan standards, but it has a well-deserved reputation for being dangerous because of unpredictable snowstorms and blizzards.[7]

This pass is an ancient trade route between the people on either side of Pir Panjal. There are many other passes in Lahaul and Spiti which have specific names (Kunzam La, Baralacha La, etc.). This is suggestive of the fact that this must have been the oldest and most frequented pass in the region, or the fact that it is the main pass leading from one cultural region to another, quite different one, to the north. The name Rohtang comes from Persian/ Farsi words Ruh+ Tang which means pile of dead bodies.[8]

The former National Highway 21 (NH 21, now numbered NH 3), the road through the Kullu Valley, terminates at Manali. The road northwards over the Rohtang Pass to Keylong in Lahaul and Spiti district and on to Leh in Ladakh is not a national highway. Nonetheless, the Leh-Manali Highway has become very busy during the summer months as an alternate military route since the Kargil Conflict in 1999. Traffic jams are common as military vehicles, trucks, and goods carriers try to navigate the tight roads and rough terrain, compounded by snow and ice at certain points and the large number of tourist vehicles.

Waterfall on the Beas River, Marhi (Elev. 3,360 m (11,020 ft)

Several episodes of the History Channel's Ice Road Truckers series spinoff IRT Deadliest Roads dealt with truckers crossing the Rohtang Pass to deliver supplies.[9][10] With increase in Traffic at Rohtang Valley, environmentalists fear its impact on the fragile mountain ecology. A rise in average temperature, and the consequent melting of glaciers, are also issues of severe concern.[11]

Latest News

Sometimes travelling to Rohtang Pass is difficult. Therefore, the government is stressing on setting up a ropeway between Kothi village which is in Manali and Rohtang Pass. The NGT (National Green Tribunal) has asked the state government of Himachal Pradesh to complete all the formalities to start a ropeway. With the coming of a ropeway, we can reduce carbon emission from vehicles. Heavy snowfall blocks the road in winter and a ropeway will be very useful.[12]

Road tunnel under the Pass

As the pass gets blocked by snow and the road over the pass closes from November to May rendering Lahaul and Spiti districts north of the pass inaccessible, a need was felt to build a tunnel under the pass. The project was announced by the then Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee on 3 June 2000. The work was started by BRO on 6 May 2002. The foundation stone of the project was laid on 28 June 2010 by Sonia Gandhi in her capacity as the Chairperson of National Advisory Council. The road tunnel called Atal Tunnel has been excavated and became operational on 3 October 2020 after formal inauguration by Prime Minister Narendra Modi. It obviates the need to travel over the Rohtang Pass. While it takes 4 to 6 hours to ascend, negotiate and descend the Rohtang Pass, travel through the Rohtang Tunnel takes only about 30 minutes.

References

  1. ↑ Polgreen, Lydia "India Digs Under Top of the World to Match Rival". New York Times. Accessed 31 July 2010.
  2. ↑ "Panoramio - Photo of Rohtang Pass (3978 m)". panoramio.com. Retrieved 3 September 2015.
  3. ↑ "Rohtang Pass - Himalayan Fantasy". himalayan-fantasy.com. Retrieved 3 September 2015.
  4. ↑ "Image: Rohtang-pass Himalayas.jpg, (450 × 338 px)". mountainhighs.com. Retrieved 3 September 2015.
  5. ↑ "Image: news_a3f1d190-1ebf-208f-9c4f-4dfee1789304.jpg, (350 × 525 px)". taxivala.com. Retrieved 3 September 2015.
  6. ↑ himachalpradesh.us. "Beas River in Himachal Pradesh". Archived from the original on 14 April 2009. Retrieved 24 June 2009.
  7. ↑ Janet Rizvi (1 June 1998). Ladakh: Crossroads of High Asia. Oxford University Press. pp. 9–10. ISBN 978-0-19-564546-0.
  8. ↑ "Rohtang Pass". The Times of India. 7 February 2020. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 30 December 2023.
  9. ↑ "Crumbling Roads". IRT Deadliest Roads. Season 1. Episode 5. 31 October 2010. History Channel. Retrieved 2 November 2010.
  10. ↑ "Watch IRT Deadliest Roads Full Episodes, Video & More | HISTORY Channel". The HISTORY Channel. Retrieved 15 January 2024.
  11. ↑ "Rohtang Pass fears ensuing Disaster due to Traffic Surge". Retrieved 1 October 2013.
  12. ↑ "Latest News". Retrieved 19 August 2017.
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