HMS Orwell in the Bay of Biscay en route to Gibraltar, 1990
Orwell in the Bay of Biscay en route to Gibraltar, 1990
Class overview
NameRiver class
BuildersRichards Dry Dock and Engineering Limited
Operators
Preceded byTon class
Cost£4.6 million each
In commission1984–2001
Completed12
General characteristics
TypeMinesweeper
Displacement
  • 850 long tons (864 t) standard
  • 890 long tons (904 t) full
Length47 m (154 ft 2 in)
Beam10.5 m (34 ft 5 in)
Draught3.1 m (10 ft 2 in)
Propulsion2 shafts, Ruston 6RKC diesels, 3,040 bhp (2,267 kW)
Speed14 knots (26 km/h; 16 mph)
Complement
  • 5 officers and 23 ratings
  • (accommodation for 36: 7 officers and 29 ratings)
Armament

The River class was a class of minesweeper built for the British Royal Navy in the 1980s, designated Fleet Minesweepers (MSF[1]). Operated mainly by the Royal Naval Reserve they were taken out of service in 1990s and sold to foreign navies.

Design

The Rivers were built with a traditional steel hull to a design based on a commercial offshore support vessel. The class was designed to be operated as deep sea team sweepers, to combat the threat posed to submarines by Soviet deep-water buoyant moored mines codenamed "Cluster Bay".

The River-class MSF was equipped with the Wire Sweep Mark 9 (WS 9) which was capable of performing Extra Deep Armed Team Sweeping (EDATS). Operating in pairs (or a number of pairs in formation), they towed a sweep between the two ships that followed the profile of the bottom and cut the mooring wires of the mines; these released mines would then be destroyed on the surface with gunfire. The WS 9 was able to be used for "mechanical" sweeping in this manner or "influence" sweeping whereby a transducer was towed through the water generating noise, both acoustic and electro-magnetic, that simulated a larger high value unit. The Rivers were also armed with a single 40 mm Bofors gun on the manually operated World War II-era Mark III mounting, and two L7 GPMGs.

The concept was refined in the chartered trawlers HMS St David and HMS Venturer, and a total of twelve vessels, all named after British rivers, were constructed by Richards (Shipbuilders) Ltd at Lowestoft and Great Yarmouth at an approximate unit cost of £4.6 million. The class was designed to operate in deep water and ocean environments, if necessary, for long periods of time without support. The complement was 5 officers, 7 Senior Ratings, and 16 Junior Ratings, although additional accommodation meant that a total crew of 36 could be borne for training purposes.

Service history

Upon entering service they joined the 10th Mine Countermeasures Squadron based at Rosyth and eleven were assigned to various Royal Naval Reserve (RNR) divisions around the United Kingdom. The twelfth, Blackwater, entered service with the regular Royal Navy. Following defence cuts, Helmsdale and Ribble were paid off in 1991 and were laid up at Portsmouth. Further cuts followed when the future of the RNR was reviewed in 1993 and as a result the entire class was withdrawn from RNR service.

Blackwater, Spey, Arun and Itchen were subsequently assigned to the Northern Ireland Squadron where they replaced Ton-class vessels patrolling the province's waterways and participating in counter-terrorist operations in support of the British Army and the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC). Orwell replaced Wilton, the last Ton-class vessel in service, as the Dartmouth Training Ship in 1994. Ultimately, the entire class was sold to overseas navies.

Ships

Ships[2]
Ship name Hull number Built Commissioned Decommissioned Notes
Waveney M2003 Lowestoft 12 July 1984 3 October 1994 Initially known as Amethyst. Sold to Bangladesh and renamed BNS Shapla; currently active
Carron M2004 Gt Yarmouth 30 September 1984 3 October 1994 Sold to Bangladesh and renamed BNS Shaikat; currently active
Dovey M2005 Gt Yarmouth 30 March 1985 3 October 1994 Sold to Bangladesh and renamed BNS Surovi; currently active
Helford M2006 Gt Yarmouth 7 June 1985 3 October 1994 Sold to Bangladesh and renamed BNS Shaibal; currently active
Humber M2007 Lowestoft 7 June 1985 21 January 1995 Sold to Brazil and renamed Amorim Do Valle; currently active as a buoy tender[3]
Blackwater M2008 Gt Yarmouth 5 July 1985 3 October 1994 Sold to Brazil and renamed Benevente; currently active as a patrol corvette
Itchen M2009 Lowestoft 12 October 1985 April 1998 Sold to Brazil and renamed Jorge Leite, then Bracui; currently active as a patrol corvette
Helmsdale M2010 Lowestoft 1 March 1986 1995 Sold to Brazil and renamed Garnier Sampaio; [4]
Orwell M2011 Gt Yarmouth 7 February 1985 2001 Sold to Guyana and renamed GDFS Essequibo; currently active as a coast guard vessel
Ribble M2012 Gt Yarmouth 19 February 1986 1995 Sold to Brazil and renamed Jorge Leite, then Taurus; as a survey ship[5]
Spey M2013 Lowestoft 4 April 1986 1998 Sold to Brazil and renamed Pegasus then Bocaina; currently active as a patrol corvette
Arun M2014 29 April 1986 1998 Sold to Brazil and renamed Babetonga; currently active as a patrol corvette

Notes

    1. ↑ Neubert, 1989
    2. ↑ Colledge, 2006
    3. ↑ "NGB - Navio Balizador/Navio Hidroceanográfico Amorim do Valle - H 35". www.naval.com.br. Retrieved 1 October 2023.
    4. ↑ "NGB - Navio Balizador Garnier Sampaio - H 37". www.naval.com.br. Retrieved 1 October 2023.
    5. ↑ "NGB - Navio Hidroceanográfico Taurus - H 36". www.naval.com.br. Retrieved 1 October 2023.

    References

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