Rangi Mātāmua

ONZM
Born
Palmerston North
NationalityNew Zealand
Alma materMassey University
Scientific career
Fieldsindigenous studies, astronomy
InstitutionsMassey University
Thesis

Rangiānehu Mātāmua ONZM is a New Zealand indigenous studies and Māori cultural astronomy academic and is Professor of Mātauranga Māori at Massey University. He is the first Māori person to win a Prime Minister's Science Prize, is a fellow of the Royal Society Te Apārangi, and is the chief advisor to the New Zealand Government on the public holiday Matariki. He was named New Zealander of the Year in 2023.

Education

Mātāmua was educated at Hato Paora College.[1]

Academic career

Mātāmua wrote his MA thesis on traditional Tūhoe weaponry.[2] His 2006 PhD at Massey University was titled Te Reo Pāho: Māori radio and language revitalisation.[3][4] Mātāmua moved to the University of Waikato, rising to full professor of Māori and Indigenous Studies.[2] On 1 September 2021 he became Professor of Mātauranga Māori at Massey University's Te Pūtahi-a-Toi School of Māori Knowledge.[5]

Astronomy

Mātāmua's career in traditional Māori astronomy began in 1995 when, as a university undergraduate, he asked his grandfather Jim Moses (Timi Rāwiri Mātāmua) about Matariki, the Māori New Year heralded by the rising of the Pleiades at dawn. Timi Rāwiri produced from a cupboard a 400-page manuscript written in Te Reo Māori. The manuscript had been written over many years in the 19th century by Timi Rāwiri’s grandfather Rāwiri Te Kōkau and father Te Kōkau Himiona Te Pikikōtuku, who was a tohunga of Tūhoe and Ngāti Pikiao.[6] It was an astronomical record containing the names of 1000 stars and 103 constellations, as well as instructions for setting up a traditional house of astronomical learning or whare kōkōrangi.[6] Timi Rāwiri told Mātāmua to share the knowledge it contained: "Knowledge hidden, he said, wasn’t knowledge at all."[6]

Mātāmua has since written widely on Matariki,[7][8][9][10][11] identifying the nine stars that Māori perceived in the cluster, in contrast to the seven associated with the Pleiades in European tradition.[12] His research has revealed that some of the Māori astronomical lore recorded by ethnographer Elsdon Best is slated or incorrectly translated. The translation of the word Matariki to mean "little eyes" is one such error; the name in fact is derived from Ngā mata o te ariki o Tāwhirimātea, the eyes of Tāwhirimātea, god of the winds.[6] He has pointed out that the Matariki is often celebrated too early, when it is still below the horizon, as a result of a mismatch between the Gregorian solar calendar and the Māori lunar/stellar calendar, where the dates for Matariki change every year.[13][14]

Mātāmua has been critical of the way Western scientific astronomy has ignored or belittled traditional Māori knowledge.[6] He intends to establish a Māori observatory, based on a traditional observatory but incorporating modern knowledge and technology.[13]

Mātāmua chairs the Matariki Advisory Group which has provided advice to the Government on the formation of New Zealand's newest public holiday, Matariki, which was first celebrated on Friday 24 June 2022.[15] In October 2022 he was appointed to the newly-created position as chief advisor to the Government on Matariki.[16]

Science communication

Mātāmua regularly posts videos and podcasts on Māori astronomy in both English and Te Reo Māori, and has a large social media following: his Living by the Stars Facebook posts have over 20,000 followers, and his web series accumulated over one million views in four months.[17] In 2019 he gave 21 presentations to a total audience of over 10,000 in New Zealand and Australia.[17]

Honours and awards

On 30 June 2020 Mātāmua was awarded the 2019 Prime Minister's Science Communication Prize for his work writing and speaking about Māori astronomy and Matariki. He is the first Māori scientist to be awarded the prize.[18] He also won the 2020 Callaghan Medal for his work engaging the public at the boundary between science and traditional Māori knowledge.[19] In March 2021, Mātāmua was awarded Fellowship of the Royal Society Te Apārangi, in recognition that his work "has revolutionised understandings of Māori astronomy, and in particular Matariki".[20]

In the 2023 New Year Honours, Mātāmua was appointed an Officer of the New Zealand Order of Merit, for services to Māori astronomy.[21]

Mātāmua was named New Zealander of the Year in the 2023 Kiwibank New Zealander of the Year awards.[22]

In December 2023, he received an honorary doctorate of literature from Te Herenga Waka—Victoria University of Wellington.[23]

Selected works

See also

References

  1. ↑ Hato Paora old boy is New Zealander of the Year (retrieved 4 April 2023)
  2. 1 2 "Rangi Matamua - Māori and Indigenous Studies: University of Waikato". www.waikato.ac.nz.
  3. ↑ "Professor Rangi Matamua | Ngā Pae o te Māramatanga". www.maramatanga.co.nz.
  4. ↑ Matamua, Rangiānehu (2006). Te Reo Pāho : Māori radio and language revitalisation (Doctoral thesis). Massey Research Online, Massey University. hdl:10179/1864.
  5. ↑ "Massey appoints renowned Māori scholar". Massey News. 8 September 2021. Retrieved 21 June 2022.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 Arnold, Naomi (July–August 2018). "The Inheritance". New Zealand Geographic. 152.
  7. ↑ "Deciphering Matariki: science lessons from star lore". Sciblogs.
  8. ↑ "The science of Matariki". RNZ. 2 July 2019.
  9. ↑ "Te Iwa o Matariki | Māori New Year". Te Wānanga o Aotearoa.
  10. ↑ Merton, Eleanor (21 July 2017). "Matariki and Māori astronomy with Dr Rangi Matamua | McGuinness Institute".
  11. ↑ "Ko Matariki e ārau ana | The gathering of Matariki series of talks". Royal Society Te Apārangi.
  12. ↑ "Rangi Matamua wins PM's science communication prize". Waatea News. 1 July 2020. Retrieved 1 July 2020.
  13. 1 2 Dewes, Te Kura o te Marama (22 May 2017). "Dr. Rangi Mātāmua hopes to revive Māori astronomy". Te Ao Māori News.
  14. ↑ "Te Iwa o Matariki | The Nine Stars of Matariki". Te Wānanga o Aotearoa. Retrieved 1 July 2020.
  15. ↑ "Meet the man behind Matariki celebrations: Professor Rangi Mātāmua". www.massey.ac.nz. Retrieved 21 June 2022.
  16. ↑ Melbourne, Peata (27 October 2022). "Government appoints chief advisor of Māori New Year". Te Ao Māori News. Retrieved 3 November 2022.
  17. 1 2 Morton, Jamie (30 June 2020). "Work on Antarctic sea level rise wins Prime Minister's Science Prize". New Zealand Herald. Retrieved 30 June 2020.
  18. ↑ Parahi, Carmen (30 June 2020). "First ever Māori science award winner calls out racism". Stuff. Retrieved 30 June 2020.
  19. ↑ "2020 Callaghan Medal: Te whetu - living with the stars". Royal Society Te Apārangi. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
  20. ↑ "Researchers and scholars elected to Academy". Royal Society Te Apārangi. Retrieved 11 March 2021.
  21. ↑ "New Year honours list 2023". Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet. 31 December 2022. Retrieved 31 December 2022.
  22. ↑ "Māori astronomy expert Rangi Mātāmua named New Zealander of the Year". 1 News. 30 March 2023. Retrieved 12 April 2023.
  23. ↑ Wellington, Victoria University of (4 December 2023). "Pioneering Māori scholar Professor Rangi Matamua to receive Honorary Doctorate | News | Victoria University of Wellington". www.wgtn.ac.nz. Retrieved 27 December 2023.


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