Dondușeni
District (Raion)
Country	Republic of Moldova
Administrative center (Oraş-reşedinţă)	Dondușeni
Government
• Raion President	Anastasie Pavlov
Area
• Total	645 km2 (249 sq mi)
Elevation	247 m (810 ft)
Population  (2014)[1]
• Total	37,856
• Density	59/km2 (150/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+2 (EET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+3 (EEST)
Area code	+373 51
Car plates	DN

Dondușeni District (Romanian pronunciation: [donduˈʃenʲ]) is a district (raion) in the north of Moldova. Its administrative center is the city of Dondușeni. As of 2011, its population was 45,100.

History

The earliest attestations historical towns down in 1437 when the district is certified Teleșeuca village. Other localities that Arionești, Corbu, Crișcăuți, Horodiște and Tîrnova are documented during 1463–1470. In the following centuries district towns or developed both socially and culturally. In 1812 the Treaty of Bucharest, Bessarabia is occupied by the Russian Empire as a district for more than 100 years (1812–1918) Russian administration fall. In spring 1888 construction start Bălți–Ocnița railway which ended in 1893. Railway history is closely linked to the city of Dondușeni during the years 1902–1905 the building near the railway station, built in 1892, held the construction of pumping station and water tower, two warehouses for grain and a ramp load, two kilometers of road and three houses. 1918 register a new page in the history of Bessarabia. On 27 March, Sfatul Țării of Bessarabia voted for the Union of Bessarabia with Romania. As a member of the Country's Council vote for Grand Union and Simeon Galiţchi (1887–1940), sergeant major of the infantry regiment of Odessa, a native of Donduşeni and ardent patriot of the Romanian people, who died in summer 1940 as a result of Stalin's Great Purge. Following the pact between Hitler and Stalin from 26 June 1940 the fate of Bessarabia was determined by military force. On 22 June 1941 include the start of 1418 days and nights of fierce and bloody fights between the Germans and Soviets. In this period perplexed more than half the male population was mobilized to Donduşeni station and sent searing flames of war. Eternal remembrance of the 17 men of Donduşeni that victory came at the cost of life. During the 1946–1947 district endure hunger caused by the communists. In 2004 the district population was 47,400.

Geography

Located in the north-eastern part of Moldova with neighboring districts Ocnița District in the north, west Edineţ District, south Rîșcani District, Drochia and Soroca in the southeast. Also has border with Ukraine in the north-east. Relief of district located on the Plateau of Moldavia is mainly flat with small disturbances in rivers. Erosion has a small intensity. Chernozems occupy 80% of the district. Maximum altitude in the district is located near the village Pocrovca, reaching heights of 247 m.

Administrative subdivisions

There are a total of 30 localities: 1 city, and 21 communes (containing further 8 villages within):

Demographics

1 January 2012 the district population was 44,800 of which 23.9% urban and 76.1% rural population.

• Births (2010): 424 (9.4 per 1000)
• Deaths (2010): 853 (18.8 per 1000) (highest in Moldova)
• Growth rate (2010): -429 (−9.5)

Economy

As of 2009, 18,311 businesses were registered in the district. Most of these were private (individual) farms. 532 km². of the district's 645 km² (249 sq mi) area is agricultural land, including 333.23 km² (128.66 sq mi) of arable land, and 38.88 km² (15.01 sq mi) of orchards. Main crops are cereals cultivation in the district: wheat and barley, maize, sugar beet, sunflower, rapeseed and soy.

Education

At of 2009, there were 21 kindergartens in the district. There were 7 lyceums (grades 1–12), 3 secondary schools (grades 1–11), 15 gymnasiums (grades 1–9), 1 primary school (grades 1–4), one or more professional schools (grades 12–13), and one or more boarding schools for orphans.

Politics

Located in the so-called North Red, region where PCRM which usually has good results obtained from 2001 until now over 50% of the vote. But the last three elections the Communists are in constant decline. District is one of the founding members of Euroregion Dniester.

During the last three elections AEI had an increase of 109.6%

Culture

There are 23 public libraries, 22 culture halls, and 1 museum in Donduşeni district. There are also 87 art groups. In recent years several houses were repaired by culture, or open more libraries, especially in villages. Village libraries are equipped with books in large numbers.

Health

There is a hospital with 135 beds, and an outpatient health center with 10 branches, and 10 physician offices. All villages of the district were reading a medical point of 5–6 physicians in the environment.

Personalities

• Alexander Gelman – Basarabian playwright, writer, and screenwriter.
• Arcadie Gherasim – Journalist (Vocea Basarabiei)
• Boris Trakhtenbrot – Israeli and Russian mathematician in mathematical logic, algorithms, theory of computation and cybernetics
• Constantin Stere – Politician, lawyer, scholar and writer
• Gary Bertini – Israeli conductor
• Ion Druta – Poet, Member of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova
• Mihai Grecu – Artist, one of the most appreciated in his time by critics and the public
• Mihail Șleahtițchi – Minister of Education of Moldova, of 2010

48°20′N 27°40′E / 48.333°N 27.667°E / 48.333; 27.667

References