A provincial episcopal visitor (PEV), popularly known as a flying bishop, is a Church of England bishop assigned to minister to many of the clergy, laity and parishes who on grounds of theological conviction,[1] "are unable to receive the ministry of women bishops or priests".[2] The system by which such bishops oversee certain churches is referred to as alternative episcopal oversight (AEO).[3]

History

The Church of England ordained its first women priests in 1994. According to acts of the General Synod passed the previous year (Priests (Ordination of Women) Measure 1993), if a parish does not accept the ministry of women priests it can formally request that none be appointed to minister to it. Via the Episcopal Ministry Act of Synod 1993, if the local bishop has participated in the ordination of women as priests, a parish can request to be under the pastoral and sacramental care of another bishop who has not participated in such ordinations.[4] In such a case the parish still remains in the diocese of the local diocesan bishop, at whose invitation the "flying bishop" makes his visitation.

On 4 December 2014, it was announced that the see of Maidstone would be filled again in order to provide a further provincial episcopal visitor for particular conservative evangelical members of the Church of England who take a complementarian view on headship.[5]

The act empowers the metropolitans of the Church of England's two provinces to appoint provincial episcopal visitors as suffragan bishops whose main purpose is to be available for such visits to parishes across the province. Accordingly, four PEV bishops have been appointed across the two provinces.

In December 2010, the bishops of Richborough and Ebbsfleet resigned to join the Roman Catholic Church. On 5 May 2011, their successors as PEVs were announced.[6] In September 2021 Jonathan Goodall, the bishop of Ebbsfleet, also resigned to join the Roman Catholic church.[7]

In June 2022, it was announced that, from January 2023, oversight of traditionalist Anglo-Catholics in the west of Canterbury province (formerly the Bishop of Ebbsfleet's area) would be taken by a new Bishop of Oswestry, suffragan to the Bishop of Lichfield; while oversight of conservative Evangelicals (formerly the duties of a Bishop suffragan of Maidstone) would be taken by the next Bishop of Ebbsfleet.[8]

List of PEV bishops

Province of Canterbury

In the Province of Canterbury:

Province of York

In the Province of York:

As of 1 May 2023, the Bishop of Beverley ministered in 10 of the 12 dioceses in the northern province. The other two dioceses use different bishops:

Oversight areas

Until the appointment of Paul Ferguson in 2014, the Bishop of Whitby provided AEO in York diocese; with Ferguson's appointment that oversight lapses to the Bishop of Beverley as PEV.[15] Following the retirement of John Goddard, Bishop of Burnley, on 19 July 2014, it was announced that Philip North would be consecrated as the next Bishop of Burnley on 2 February 2015 and would have AEO in the dioceses of Blackburn and Carlisle; however, while North is now listed as the AEO bishop for Blackburn diocese, Webster is listed for Carlisle.[16]

As of 2016, in the southern province, the bishops of Ebbsfleet and of Richborough together ministered in 27 of the 30 dioceses. Of the three remaining dioceses, London and Southwark were ministered to by the Bishop of Fulham and Chichester by its diocesan bishop. The Bishop of Ebbsfleet served the western 13 dioceses (Bath and Wells, Birmingham, Bristol, Coventry, Derby, Exeter, Gloucester, Hereford, Lichfield, Oxford, Salisbury, Truro and Worcester)[17] while the Bishop of Richborough served the eastern half (Canterbury, Chelmsford, Ely, Europe, Guildford, St Edmundsbury & Ipswich, Leicester, Lincoln, Norwich, Peterborough, Portsmouth, Rochester, St Albans and Winchester).[18]

By January 2018, 114 parishes had passed resolutions for conservative evangelical reasons; 53 of these had requested AEO from the Bishop of Maidstone.[19] Rod Thomas was an assistant bishop in the Dioceses of Birmingham, Bristol, Carlisle, Chelmsford, Chester, Derby, Ely, London, Manchester, Norwich, Portsmouth, Rochester, Sheffield and Southwark.[19][20][21][22][23]

The resignation of Jonathan Goodall as bishop of Ebbsfleet, and the retirement of the Bishop of Beverley, left two of the four flying bishop appointments vacant in 2022. It was suggested by church insiders that fewer candidates were becoming available for the posts as female clergy had become accepted by the vast majority of churchgoers.[7] These posts were subsequently filled by Rob Munro and Stephen Race by 2023. In June 2022, it was announced that, from January 2023, oversight of traditionalist Catholics in the west of Canterbury province (formerly the Bishop of Ebbsfleet's area) would be taken by a new Bishop of Oswestry, suffragan to the Bishop of Lichfield; while oversight of conservative Evangelicals would be taken by the next Bishop of Ebbsfleet; the See of Maidstone would be left vacant, available for other uses.[8]

Church in Wales

In the Church in Wales, David Thomas was appointed to the comparable office of Provincial Assistant Bishop in 1996 when the province voted to ordain women to the priesthood. No successor was appointed when Thomas retired in 2008.[24]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "I think that the problem is for those who are not content with the idea that we should go forward along the line of ordaining women as bishops, the problem is not one of opinion, it's rather of obedience. It's one of obedience to scripture, or obedience to the consensus of the Church Catholic." Rowan Williams, Archbishop of Canterbury, Archbishop of Canterbury website., Accessed 7 June 2015.
  2. ↑ "Since those within the Church of England who, on grounds of theological conviction, are unable to receive the ministry of women bishops or priests continue to be within the spectrum of teaching and tradition of the Anglican Communion, the Church of England remains committed to enabling them to flourish within its life and structures"; the fourth of the Guiding Principles (Accessed 7 June 2015)
  3. ↑ Modern Church – When is a bishop not a bishop Archived 2013-09-11 at the Wayback Machine (Accessed 22 February 2013)
  4. ↑ "ANNEX I: A Glossary" (PDF). Church of England. 2018. Retrieved 9 April 2021.
  5. ↑ Thinking Anglicans – Appointment of a bishop who takes a conservative evangelical view on headship, Accessed 4 December 2014.
  6. ↑ "Diocese of Canterbury — New Provincial Episcopal Visitors". Archived from the original on 2011-08-07. Retrieved 2011-05-05.
  7. 1 2 Sherwood, Harriet (3 September 2021). "Anglican bishop of Ebbsfleet resigns to join Roman Catholic Church". The Guardian.
  8. 1 2 "Bishops of Maidstone, Ebbsfleet and Oswestry". Diocese of Canterbury. Archived from the original on 7 July 2022. Retrieved 3 August 2022.
  9. ↑ "Suffragan See of Richborough - GOV.UK". www.number10.gov.uk.
  10. ↑ Bishop of Ebbsfleet (Accessed 2 August 2013)
  11. 1 2 "Rob Munro named as the new Bishop of Ebbsfleet". Bishop of Ebbsfleet. 9 December 2022. Archived from the original on 9 December 2022. Retrieved 9 December 2022.
  12. ↑ "Announcement of the next Bishop of Beverley". See of Beverley. 12 October 2022. Archived from the original on 14 October 2022. Retrieved 17 October 2022.
  13. ↑ "The Society - Leeds Diocese". www.sswsh.com.
  14. ↑ "The Society - Blackburn Diocese". www.sswsh.com.
  15. ↑ "Appointment of the New Bishops of Selby and Whitby". seeofbeverley.org.uk.
  16. ↑ "The Society - Carlisle Diocese". www.sswsh.com.
  17. ↑ "Bishop of Ebbsfleet". www.ebbsfleet.org.uk.
  18. ↑ "Richborough Episcopal Area". www.richborough.org.uk.
  19. 1 2 http://www.bishopofmaidstone.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Christmas-2017-Newsletter.pdf
  20. ↑ "Appointments". www.churchtimes.co.uk. Retrieved 2018-01-10.
  21. ↑ "Bishop of Maidstone becomes an Assistant Bishop in the Diocese". Diocese of Norwich. Church of England. 26 April 2016. Archived from the original on 5 July 2018. Retrieved 8 February 2022.
  22. ↑ "Licensing as Assistant Bishop in Rochester Diocese - The Bishop of Maidstone". www.bishopofmaidstone.org. Retrieved 2018-01-10.
  23. ↑ "Bishop Rod to be Assistant Bishop in Growing Number of Dioceses - The Bishop of Maidstone". www.bishopofmaidstone.org. Retrieved 2018-01-10.
  24. ↑ "Church in Wales press release". Archived from the original on 2008-09-22. Retrieved 2008-09-18.
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