Permanent Waves
Studio album by
Rush
ReleasedJanuary 14, 1980 (1980-01-14)[1]
RecordedSeptember–October 1979
StudioLe Studio (Morin-Heights, Quebec)
Genre
Length36:05
LabelAnthem
Producer
Rush chronology
Rush Through Time
(1979)		 Permanent Waves
(1980)		 Moving Pictures
(1981)
Singles from Permanent Waves
  1. "The Spirit of Radio"
    Released: February 1980 [4]
  2. "Entre Nous"
    Released: April 1980 [5]
Alternative cover
40th anniversary reissue
40th anniversary reissue

Permanent Waves is the seventh studio album by Canadian rock band Rush, released on January 14, 1980, through Anthem Records. After touring to support their previous album, Hemispheres (1978), the band began working on new material for a follow-up in July 1979. This material showed a shift in the group's sound towards more concise arrangements and radio-friendly songs (such as "The Spirit of Radio" and "Freewill"), though their progressive rock blueprint is still evident on "Jacob's Ladder" and the nine-minute closer "Natural Science." Bassist/vocalist Geddy Lee also employed a more restrained vocal delivery compared to previous albums. Permanent Waves was recorded at Le Studio in Morin-Heights, Quebec with production handled by the group and Terry Brown.

Permanent Waves received a mostly positive reception from critics, and became the band's most successful album at the time of its release, reaching No. 3 in Canada and the UK and No. 4 in the United States. The album was certified platinum in the latter by the Recording Industry Association of America for selling one million copies. Rush released "The Spirit of Radio" as a single in February 1980 and toured in support of the album in 1980.

Background and writing

In June 1979, the band finished its eight-month tour of the United States, Canada, and Europe in support of its sixth studio album, Hemispheres (1978). The tour had taken its toll on the group and, for the first time in the band's history, each member agreed to take a six-week break before starting work on a new album.[6] They regrouped in mid-July 1979 at Lakewoods Farm near Flesherton, Ontario to write and rehearse new material for two weeks.[6][7] They set up their equipment in the basement and put down what Peart described as "a giant hodge-podge of instrumental mish-mash," initially titled "Uncle Tounouse", during the first session. The piece was not developed further, but sections of it were used as the basis of passages on other songs they would record.[6] A typical day's schedule involved Lifeson cooking breakfast for the trio, after which Lifeson and Lee worked on musical ideas while Peart gathered his notes and walked to a nearby cottage to write lyrics,[7] with "Entre Nous" being the only set completed prior to their arrival at Lakewoods Farm. This routine had a productive effect on the three, with "The Spirit of Radio," "Freewill", and "Jacob's Ladder" being put down within several days without considerable effort.[6] The new songs marked a shift in the group's musical style towards more concise arrangements and radio-friendly songs, though Peart denied that the band consciously set out to produce commercial music.[8] Peart attempted to write a song based on Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, the 14th-century epic set in King Arthur's time, but it was abandoned after it was deemed too out of place with the other material.[6]

With some material prepared for Permanent Waves, Rush moved into Sound Kitchen Studio in northern Toronto, Ontario[7] with their producer Terry Brown to put their ideas onto tape. "The Spirit of Radio," "Freewill" and "Jacob's Ladder" were further polished on the warm-up tour during soundchecks, and by early September, "The Spirit of Radio" and "Freewill" were being performed live on the band's warm-up tour in August and September 1979.[6][7]

Recording

Le Studio, where Permanent Waves was recorded

In September 1979, Rush headed to Le Studio in Morin-Heights, Quebec to record Permanent Waves with Brown and engineer Paul Northfield.[6][9] Having recorded their previous two studio albums in Wales the band felt it was time for a change and initially chose Trident Studios in London, but cancelled due to the high costs of studio time and accommodation.[7] The idea of working in a busy city environment became something they now wished to avoid and instead sought a remote location.[7]

The recording sessions involved the band tweaking the settings of instruments and positioning of microphones. They recorded basic tracks with multiple takes until they captured the best performance. While Lee, Lifeson, and Brown began overdubs, Peart began attempting to write another longer song, and after enduring three days of writer's block, "Natural Science" was born. Fin Costello was then brought in to photograph the band in the studio. Cover art director Hugh Syme was also brought in and recorded a piano solo on "Different Strings". Music was composed for "Natural Science", with some parts reused from the discarded "Green Knight". The water sounds at the beginning of the song were created by splashing oars in the private lake, performed by Brown and studio assistant Kim Bickerdike, and the natural echo outside was used to record various instruments. The rough mixes on the album were complete, and the final mix was completed in two weeks at Trident Studios.[6]

Upon the album's completion, Lifeson felt unsure about the record and for a period of time, could not listen to it due to his feeling that it failed to present any fresh ideas. His opinion changed when he first heard the album on the radio after its release, realising he had overreacted.[7]

Songs

"The Spirit of Radio" featured the band's early experiments with a reggae style in its closing section, which was explored further on the band's next three albums, Moving Pictures, Signals, and Grace Under Pressure. The group had experimented with reggae-influenced riffs in the studio and had come up with a reggae introduction to "Working Man" on their tours, so they decided to incorporate a passage into "The Spirit of Radio," as Lifeson said, "to make us smile and have a little fun."[7] Peart wrote the lyrics with Toronto radio station CFNY-FM in mind which had adopted the title as its slogan.[10]

"Jacob's Ladder" uses multiple time signatures, and possesses a dark, ominous feel in its first half. Its lyrics are based on a simple concept: a vision of sunlight breaking through storm clouds. The title is a reference to the natural phenomenon of the sun breaking through the clouds in visible rays, which in turn is named after the Biblical ladder to heaven on which Jacob saw angels ascending and descending in a vision. Early in Rush's 2015 R40 Live Tour, Geddy Lee incorrectly stated that the song had never been played live before, but was corrected by fans on the internet (the song had been performed during the Permanent Waves tour and a live recording of the song was featured on Exit... Stage Left).[11]

"Entre Nous", French for "Between us", did not receive heavy radio airplay and was not performed live until the Snakes & Arrows Tour in 2007.[10][12]

While the band began stepping back from the epic song format on this album, the closing track "Natural Science" is more than nine minutes long and is composed of three distinct movements: I) Tide Pools, II) Hyperspace, and III) Permanent Waves. The lyrics are driven by concepts of natural science. It was featured, with a different arrangement, on the 1996 Test for Echo Tour, the 2002 Vapor Trails Tour, the 2007–2008 Snakes & Arrows Tour and the 2015 R40 Live Tour.

Artwork

The background scene comes from a photo, taken by Flip Schulke, of the Galveston Seawall in Texas during Hurricane Carla on September 11, 1961. The woman in the foreground is Canadian model Paula Turnbull, who is also featured on Exit... Stage Left (1981)[13] and the man waving in the background is sleeve designer Hugh Syme.[14] To create the appearance of Turnbull's skirt blowing in the wind, a fan was placed out of frame when she was photographed.[15]

Release

Professional ratings
Review scores
SourceRating
AllMusic[16]
The Encyclopedia of Popular Music[17]
Record Mirror[18]
Rolling Stone(favourable)[19]
The Rolling Stone Album Guide[20]

Permanent Waves was released on January 18, 1980.[1] It reached No. 3 in Canada and the UK and No. 4 in the US. In two months, the album had sold one million copies in the US.[21]

The album was certified gold by the Canadian Recording Industry Association, and in September 1980 Rush sent the gold record to Terry Fox, shortly after he had to abandon the Marathon of Hope.[22]: 118 

Tour

Following the album's release, Rush supported Permanent Waves with a concert tour of Canada, the US, and the UK between January 17 and June 22, 1980. The group toured with a 25-member roadcrew who handled the 60 tons of equipment to stage the show, which included Boeing 707 landing lights, a $50,000 mixing console, and a screen projector behind the band.[21] The tour cost $12,500 each day and each band member earned $1,000 per show.[21]

Reissues

Reissues
Year Label Format Notes
2011 Anthem CD Digitally remastered by Andy VanDette as part of the reissue of Rush's Mercury-era albums[23]
2015 Anthem/Mercury CD, LP Remaster with 24-bit/96 kHz and 24-bit/192 kHz formats[24]
2020 Anthem/Mercury CD, LP 40th Anniversary Edition with previously unreleased live content.[25]

Track listing

Original release

All lyrics by Neil Peart except "Different Strings" by Geddy Lee. All music by Lee and Alex Lifeson.[9]

Side one
No.TitleLength
1."The Spirit of Radio"4:58
2."Freewill"5:23
3."Jacob's Ladder"7:50
Side two
No.TitleLength
1."Entre Nous"4:37
2."Different Strings"3:50
3."Natural Science"
  • I: "Tide Pools"
  • II: "Hyperspace"
  • III: "Permanent Waves"
9:27

40th Anniversary Edition (2020)

Bonus disc
No.TitleLength
1."Beneath, Between & Behind" (Recorded at the Manchester Apollo, Manchester, UK)2:30
2."By-Tor & the Snow Dog" (Recorded at the Hammersmith Odeon, London, UK)5:52
3."Xanadu" (Recorded at the Hammersmith Odeon, London, UK)12:16
4."The Spirit of Radio" (Recorded at the Manchester Apollo, Manchester, UK)5:08
5."Natural Science" (Recorded at the Manchester Apollo, Manchester, UK)8:46
6."A Passage to Bangkok *†" (Recorded at the Manchester Apollo, Manchester, UK)3:57
7."The Trees" (Recorded at the Manchester Apollo, Manchester, UK)5:28
8."Cygnus X-1" (Recorded at the Hammersmith Odeon, London, UK)8:05
9."Cygnus X-1 Book II (parts I and IV-VI)" (Recorded at the Hammersmith Odeon, London, UK)14:45
10."Closer to the Heart" (Recorded at the Manchester Apollo, Manchester, UK)3:26
11."Jacob's Ladder" (Recorded at the Kiel Auditorium, St. Louis, Missouri.)7:38
12."Freewill" (Recorded at the Hammersmith Odeon, London, UK)5:46

* Included on the vinyl release only
† Previously available on 2112 Deluxe Edition (2012)

Personnel

Credits are taken from the 1980 liner notes.[9]

Rush

Additional personnel

  • Terry Brown – arranger, producer, mixing
  • Fin Costello – photography
  • Robert Gage – hairdresser to the cover girl
  • Bob Ludwig – remastering
  • Adam Moseley – mixing assistant
  • Craig Milliner – mixing assistant
  • Paul Northfield – engineer
  • Deborah Samuel – photography
  • Flip Schulke – photography
  • Ray Staff – mastering on original album
  • Hugh Syme – piano, art direction, design, cover concept
  • Paula Turnbull – cover girl (credited as "Ou La La")
  • Robbie Whelan – assistant engineer

Charts

Certifications

Region CertificationCertified units/sales
Canada (Music Canada)[36] Platinum 100,000^
United Kingdom (BPI)[37] Gold 100,000^
United States (RIAA)[38] Platinum 1,000,000^

^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.

References

  1. 1 2 "News" (PDF). Music Week. 12 January 1980. p. 2. Retrieved 17 March 2023. Phonogram is planning a heavy advertising campaign for leading rock group Rush who have a new album released on January 18 called Permanent Waves.
  2. 1 2 McPadden, Mike (January 13, 2015). "11 Classic Rockers Who Went New Wave For One Album". VH1. Archived from the original on June 25, 2022. Retrieved September 30, 2023.
  3. ↑ Rolling Stone Staff (November 11, 2020). "The 80 Greatest Albums of 1980". Rolling Stone. Retrieved September 30, 2023. ...filtering their unabashedly geeky ideas through New Wave aesthetics on Permanent Waves.
  4. ↑ Hung, Steffen. "Rush - The Spirit Of Radio". hitparade.ch.
  5. ↑ Strong, M. C. (Martin Charles); Horse, Harry (March 18, 1995). "The great rock discography". Edinburgh : Canongate – via Internet Archive.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Peart, Neil (1980). "Personal Waves – The Story of an Album". 2112.net. Archived from the original on 25 September 2017. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Sharp, Keith (February 1980). "F.M. Radio Earns Plaudits from Rush". Music Express. Vol. 4, no. 11. Archived from the original on 25 September 2017. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
  8. ↑ Darling, Cary (March 1, 1980). "Rush won't Rush into style fads of moment". Billboard. Archived from the original on 18 December 2019. Retrieved 18 December 2019.
  9. 1 2 3 Permanent Waves (Media notes). Rush. Anthem Records. 1980. ANR-1-1021. Archived from the original on 2020-10-02. Retrieved 2019-12-27.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
  10. 1 2 Ladd, Jim (March 1980). "An interview with Neil Peart". Innerview. Archived from the original on 18 April 2018. Retrieved 18 April 2018.
  11. ↑ "From Rush With Love". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on 12 July 2015. Retrieved 10 July 2015.
  12. ↑ "Power Windows...Tour Archives". Archived from the original on 2008-06-01. Retrieved 2012-06-01.
  13. ↑ Windows, Power (2009-11-24). "Rush News from Power Windows: Permanent Waves Album Cover Details Explained". News.2112.net. Archived from the original on 2012-03-08. Retrieved 2012-03-05.
  14. ↑ "Art for art's sake: Permanent waves". Artrock2006.blogspot.com. 2009-09-15. Archived from the original on 2012-04-17. Retrieved 2012-06-01.
  15. ↑ "Model Paula Turnbull models for the cover shot of Canadian".
  16. ↑ Prato, Greg. "Permanent Waves – Rush". Allmusic. Archived from the original on 2012-06-04. Retrieved 2011-11-20.
  17. ↑ Larkin, Colin (2007). The Encyclopedia of Popular Music (4th ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0195313734.
  18. ↑ Dome, Malcolm (26 January 1980). "No Beating The Rush". Record Mirror. p. 12.
  19. ↑ Fricke, David (1 May 1980). "Permanent Waves". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on 2013-04-01. Retrieved 2011-11-20.
  20. ↑ "Rush: Album Guide". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on 2013-07-04. Retrieved 2013-02-21.
  21. 1 2 3 Flohil, Dick (May 3, 1980). "Millionaire stars of high-tech rock". Toronto Star's Today Magazine. Archived from the original on December 18, 2019. Retrieved December 18, 2019.
  22. ↑ Coupland, Douglas (2005). Terry. Douglas & McIntyre. ISBN 978-1-55365-113-0.
  23. ↑ "Andy VanDette On Remastering 15 Rush Albums". Themasterdiskrecord.com. 2011-11-23. Archived from the original on 2014-08-23. Retrieved 2012-06-01.
  24. ↑ "12 MONTHS OF RUSH: 14 ALBUMS FROM MERCURY ERA FOR RELEASE IN 2015". Rush.com. Archived from the original on 11 July 2015. Retrieved 10 July 2015.
  25. ↑ Permanent Waves 40th Anniversary (Media notes). Rush. Universal Music Canada. 2020. B0031581-00. Archived from the original on 2020-06-06. Retrieved 2020-06-06.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
  26. ↑ "Top RPM Albums: Issue 9482". RPM. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
  27. ↑ "Dutchcharts.nl – Rush – Permanent Waves" (in Dutch). Hung Medien. Retrieved July 3, 2020.
  28. ↑ "Norwegiancharts.com – Rush – Permanent Waves". Hung Medien. Retrieved July 3, 2020.
  29. ↑ "Swedishcharts.com – Rush – Permanent Waves". Hung Medien. Retrieved July 3, 2020.
  30. ↑ "Official Albums Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved July 3, 2020.
  31. ↑ "Rush Chart History (Billboard 200)". Billboard. Retrieved July 3, 2020.
  32. ↑ "Offiziellecharts.de – Rush – Permanent Waves" (in German). GfK Entertainment Charts. Retrieved July 3, 2020.
  33. ↑ "Swisscharts.com – Rush – Permanent Waves". Hung Medien. Retrieved July 3, 2020.
  34. ↑ "Top RPM Albums: Issue 0275". RPM. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
  35. ↑ "Top Billboard 200 Albums – Year-End 1980". Billboard. Retrieved August 7, 2021.
  36. ↑ "Canadian album certifications – Rush – Permanent Waves". Music Canada. Retrieved July 3, 2020.
  37. ↑ "British album certifications – Rush – Permanent Waves". British Phonographic Industry.
  38. ↑ "American album certifications – Rush – Permanent Waves". Recording Industry Association of America. Retrieved July 3, 2020.
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