Pemba | |
|---|---|
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  Pemba  Pemba | |
| Coordinates: 12°58′S 40°33′E / 12.967°S 40.550°E | |
| Country |  Mozambique |
| Provinces | Cabo Delgado Province |
| City Status | 1904 |
| Area | |
| • Total | 19.79 km2 (7.64 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 30 m (100 ft) |
| Population (2017 census) | |
| • Total | 201,846 |
| • Density | 10,000/km2 (26,000/sq mi) |
| Area code | (+258) 272 |
| Climate | Aw |
Pemba [ˈpẽbɐ] is a port city and district in Mozambique. It is the capital of the province of Cabo Delgado and lies on a peninsula in Pemba Bay.
The town was founded by the Niassa Company in 1904 as Porto Amélia, after the Queen of Portugal, at the peninsula's northwestern tip and has grown around a port. The city is renowned for its Portuguese colonial architecture.[1] It was renamed Pemba at the end of Portuguese rule, in 1975. The city's inhabitants are primarily Swahili, Makondes, Macuas and Mwanis. Local languages that are spoken are Kimwani and Makhuwa, although Portuguese is widespread.
Pemba is also renowned as being a prime destination for water sport and diving enthusiasts as a coral reef lies close to the shore. It has increasingly become a tourist destination, particularly for upper-middle-class Mozambicans and South Africans. There are now 5 flights a week from Johannesburg to Pemba, several hotels, restaurants, and other forms of entertainment. In the centre of Pemba, there is an authentic local market or souk, where arts and crafts, as well as traditional silverware can be bought. Pemba is the closest major city and airport for those who wish to visit the Quirimbas Islands and Quirimbas National Park.
History
Pemba is taking refugees in the aftermath of the Battle of Palma.[2]
International relations
Pemba is twinned with:
Demographics
| Year | Population[3] |
|---|---|
| 1997 census | 84,897 |
| 2007 census | 138,716 |
| 2017 census | 201,846 |
Port
Pemba is a potential site for a deepwater port.[4]
Municipality
The municipality of Pemba covers 100 km2 and recorded 201,846 people in the 2017 census. The actual settlement, however, is mostly just the tip facing into the bay, with most of the land undeveloped.[5]
Climate
Pemba has a tropical savanna climate (Köppen climate classification Aw). Temperatures fluctuate little throughout the year due to the city's tropical location and closeness to the equator. It has only two seasons. The wet season is from December to April and brings heavy but reliable rainfall, the wettest month typically being March with an average rainfall of 202.2 mm (7.96 in). Conversely, the dry season stretches from May to November and brings marginally cooler temperatures, sunny skies, and very little rain, the driest month typically being September with an average rainfall of 2.2 mm (0.09 in). Humidity is very high during the wet season, averaging 80-90%, but is much lower in the dry season. The warmest months are January and February and the coolest is July.
| Climate data for Pemba, Mozambique | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 34.5 (94.1) |
34.5 (94.1) |
36.0 (96.8) |
33.4 (92.1) |
33.5 (92.3) |
31.5 (88.7) |
30.6 (87.1) |
31.8 (89.2) |
33.4 (92.1) |
33.6 (92.5) |
35.2 (95.4) |
35.7 (96.3) |
36.0 (96.8) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 30.8 (87.4) |
30.9 (87.6) |
30.8 (87.4) |
30.4 (86.7) |
29.5 (85.1) |
28.3 (82.9) |
27.7 (81.9) |
27.8 (82.0) |
28.7 (83.7) |
29.5 (85.1) |
30.4 (86.7) |
30.8 (87.4) |
29.6 (85.3) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 27.0 (80.6) |
27.0 (80.6) |
26.8 (80.2) |
26.2 (79.2) |
24.9 (76.8) |
23.5 (74.3) |
22.9 (73.2) |
23.7 (74.7) |
24.3 (75.7) |
25.5 (77.9) |
26.7 (80.1) |
27.1 (80.8) |
25.5 (77.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 23.2 (73.8) |
23.1 (73.6) |
22.8 (73.0) |
22.0 (71.6) |
20.3 (68.5) |
18.6 (65.5) |
18.2 (64.8) |
19.6 (67.3) |
19.8 (67.6) |
21.6 (70.9) |
23.0 (73.4) |
23.5 (74.3) |
21.3 (70.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 21.5 (70.7) |
21.4 (70.5) |
21.7 (71.1) |
20.0 (68.0) |
18.3 (64.9) |
16.9 (62.4) |
16.9 (62.4) |
16.5 (61.7) |
18.5 (65.3) |
20.0 (68.0) |
21.5 (70.7) |
21.4 (70.5) |
16.5 (61.7) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 146.4 (5.76) |
156.0 (6.14) |
202.2 (7.96) |
122.0 (4.80) |
32.4 (1.28) |
15.0 (0.59) |
11.3 (0.44) |
7.9 (0.31) |
2.2 (0.09) |
11.3 (0.44) |
41.6 (1.64) |
124.5 (4.90) |
872.8 (34.36) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 11.0 | 10.4 | 12.6 | 9.4 | 3.2 | 2.4 | 1.6 | 1.2 | 0.6 | 1.5 | 3.6 | 8.4 | 65.9 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 80 | 82 | 81 | 76 | 74 | 72 | 71 | 71 | 72 | 73 | 74 | 77 | 75 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 201.5 | 175.2 | 201.5 | 216.0 | 238.7 | 225.0 | 226.3 | 260.4 | 261.0 | 288.3 | 276.0 | 232.5 | 2,802.4 |
| Mean daily sunshine hours | 6.5 | 6.2 | 6.5 | 7.2 | 7.7 | 7.5 | 7.3 | 8.4 | 8.7 | 9.3 | 9.2 | 7.5 | 7.7 |
| Source 1: World Meteorological Organization[6] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Deutscher Wetterdienst (extremes, humidity and sun)[7] | |||||||||||||
See also
References
- ↑ PORTO AMÉLIA-PEMBA, a film of Porto Amélia, Portuguese Mozambique
- ↑ "Isis claims deadly attack in northern Mozambique". the Guardian. 2021-03-29. Retrieved 2021-03-30.
- ↑ "Mozambique: largest cities and towns and statistics of their population". World Gazetteer. Retrieved 2008-06-18.
- ↑ Railways Africa - UPGRADING PORT AT PEMBA
- ↑ "Mozambique: Administrative Division (Provinces and Districts) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map".
- ↑ "World Weather Information Service–Pemba". World Meteorological Organization. Retrieved April 19, 2017.
- ↑ "Klimatafel von Pemba (Porto Amélia) / Mosambik" (PDF). Baseline climate means (1961-1990) from stations all over the world (in German). Deutscher Wetterdienst. Retrieved April 19, 2017.