Joseph II of Constantinople

Joseph II of Constantinople
Joseph II of Constantinople
Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople
	Joseph II of Constantinople, fresco by Benozzo Gozzoli, Cappella dei Magi, Florence
Church	Church of Constantinople
In office	21 May 1416 – 10 June 1439
Predecessor	Euthymius II of Constantinople
Successor	Metrophanes II of Constantinople
Personal details
Born	c. 1360
Died	10 June 1439; Florence, Florentine Republic
Buried	Santa Maria Novella

Joseph II (Greek: Ἰωσήφ; 1360 – 10 June 1439) was Patriarch of Constantinople from 1416 to 1439.

Life

Born the (possibly illegitimate) son of Ivan Shishman of Bulgaria in 1360, and a Greek mother,^[1] little is known of his early life before he became a monk on Mount Athos. He became Metropolitan of Ephesus in 1393, before being elected Patriarch of Constantinople on 21 May 1416.^[1] Together with Byzantine Emperor John VIII Palaiologos, 23 Metropolitan bishops and about 700 scholars and theologians, he took part in the Council of Florence. While in Florence, he was quartered in the Palazzo Ferrantini. He is portrayed in Benozzo Gozzoli's frescoes in the Magi Chapel of Palazzo Medici Riccardi, which celebrates the entrance of the Byzantine dignitaries in the city.

Joseph was very old and ill and died on 10 June 1439. His death caused much grief to all present at the council, as he was a fervent supporter of union between the Churches; before his death, he drew up and signed an important pro-union declaration for the council. His grave in the Dominican convent church of Santa Maria Novella in Florence survives, with an elaborate fresco portrait in a semi-Byzantine style. He was succeeded as Patriarch of Constantinople by Metrophanes II, who was appointed by Emperor John VIII on account of his similarly pro-unionist sentiments.

He was cousin of Constantine II of Bulgaria.

References

1 2 Magoulias, Harry J. (1975). Decline and Fall of Byzantium to the Ottoman Turks, by Doukas. An Annotated Translation of Historia Turco-Byzantina. Wayne State University Press. pp. 299, n. 201. ISBN 978-0-8143-1540-8. Joseph II, patriarch of Constantinople (1416-1439), was born ca. 1360 in Bulgaria, perhaps the illegitimate son of the future Bulgar tsar Sisman and a Greek mother. He became patriarch of Constantinople on 21 May 1416 after serving as metropolitan of Ephesus. Thus he was almost eighty years old when he died.

Sources

Council of Florence, at the Catholic Encyclopedia
Sergey F. Dezhnyuk, "Council of Florence: The Unrealized Union", CreateSpace, 2017.
Plamen Pavlov. Patriarh Jossif II (in Bulgarian)

External links

Media related to Joseph II of Constantinople at Wikimedia Commons

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[:0-1] 1 2 Magoulias, Harry J. (1975). Decline and Fall of Byzantium to the Ottoman Turks, by Doukas. An Annotated Translation of Historia Turco-Byzantina. Wayne State University Press. pp. 299, n. 201. ISBN 978-0-8143-1540-8. Joseph II, patriarch of Constantinople (1416-1439), was born ca. 1360 in Bulgaria, perhaps the illegitimate son of the future Bulgar tsar Sisman and a Greek mother. He became patriarch of Constantinople on 21 May 1416 after serving as metropolitan of Ephesus. Thus he was almost eighty years old when he died.

[1]

Bishops of Byzantium and Patriarchs of Constantinople
Bishops of Byzantium (Roman period, 38–330 AD)	Andrew Stachys Onesimus Polycarpus I Plutarch Sedecion Diogenes Eleutherius Felix Polycarpus II Athenodorus Euzois Laurence Alypius Pertinax Olympianus Marcus I Philadelphus Cyriacus I Castinus Eugenius I Titus Dometius Rufinus Probus Metrophanes Alexander
Archbishops of Constantinople (Roman period, 330–451 AD)	Alexander Paul I Eusebius Macedonius I Eudoxius Evagrius Demophilus Maximus I Gregory I Nectarius John I Chrysostom Arsacius Atticus Sisinnius I Nestorius Maximianus Proclus Flavian Anatolius
Patriarchs of Constantinople (Byzantine period, 451–1453 AD)	Anatolius Gennadius I Acacius Fravitta Euphemius Macedonius II Timothy I John II Epiphanius Anthimus I Menas Eutychius John III John IV Cyriacus II Thomas I Sergius I Pyrrhus Paul II Peter Thomas II John V Constantine I Theodore I George I Paul III Callinicus I Cyrus John VI Germanus I Anastasius Constantine II Nicetas I Paul IV Tarasius Nicephorus I Theodotus I Antony I John VII Methodius I Ignatios Photios I Stephen I Antony II Nicholas I Εuthymius I Stephen II Tryphon Theophylact Polyeuctus Βasil I Αntony III Nicholas II Sisinnius II Sergius II Eustathius Alexius Michael I Constantine III John VIII Cosmas I Eustratius Nicholas III John IX Leo Michael II Cosmas II Nicholas IV Theodotus II Neophytus I Constantine IV Luke Michael III Chariton Theodosius I Basil II Nicetas II Leontius Dositheus George II John X Michael IV^† Theodore II^† Maximus II^† Μanuel I^† Germanus II^† Methodius II^† Manuel II^† Arsenius^† Nicephorus II^† Germanus III Joseph I John XI Gregory II Athanasius I John XII Nephon I John XIII Gerasimus I Isaias John XIV Isidore I Callistus I Philotheus Macarius Nilus Antony IV Callistus II Matthew I Euthymius II Joseph II Metrophanes II Gregory III Athanasius II
Patriarchs of Constantinople (Ottoman period, 1453–1923 AD)	Gennadius II Isidore II Joasaph I Sophronius I Mark II Symeon I Dionysius I Raphael I Maximus III Nephon II Maximus IV Joachim I Pachomius I Theoleptus I Jeremias I Joannicius I Dionysius II Joasaph II Metrophanes III Jeremias II Pachomius II Theoleptus II Matthew II Gabriel I Theophanes I Meletius I Neophytus II Raphael II Cyril I Timothy II Gregory IV Anthimus II Cyril II Athanasius III Neophytus III Parthenius I Parthenius II Joannicius II Cyril III Paisius I Parthenius III Gabriel II Parthenius IV Dionysius III Clement Methodius III Dionysius IV Gerasimus II Athanasius IV James Callinicus II Neophytus IV Gabriel III Neophytus V Cyprianus Athanasius V Cyril IV Cosmas III Jeremias III (Callinicus III) Paisius II Seraphim I Neophytus VI Cyril V Callinicus IV (III) Seraphim II Joannicius III Samuel Meletius II Theodosius II Sophronius II Gabriel IV Procopius Neophytus VII Gerasimus III Gregory V Callinicus V (IV) Jeremias IV Cyril VI Eugenius II Anthimus III Chrysanthus Agathangelus Constantius I Constantius II Gregory VI Anthimus IV Anthimus V Germanus IV Meletius III Anthimus VI Cyril VII Joachim II Sophronius III Joachim III Joachim IV Dionysius V Neophytus VIII Anthimus VII Constantine V Germanus V Meletius IV
Patriarchs of Constantinople (Turkish period, since 1923 AD)	Gregory VII Constantine VI Basil III Photius II Benjamin Maximus V Athenagoras Demetrius Bartholomew
^† in exile at Nicaea Christianity portal

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