Jean Nicolas Nissage Saget
10th President of Haiti
In office
December 27, 1869 – May 13, 1874
Vice PresidentMichel Domingue[1] (1869-1870)
Preceded bySylvain Salnave
Succeeded byCouncil of Secretaries of State
Provisional President of Haiti
In office
March 13, 1867 – May 4, 1867
Preceded byFabre Geffrard
Succeeded bySylvain Salnave
Personal details
Born(1810-09-20)September 20, 1810
Saint-Marc, Haiti
DiedApril 7, 1880(1880-04-07) (aged 69)
Port-au-Prince, Haiti
Political partyNational Party
SpouseMarie-Louise Augustin Sinni
ProfessionGeneral

Jean-Nicolas Nissage Saget[2] (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ nikɔla nisaʒ saʒɛ]; September 20, 1810 – April 7, 1880) succeeded Sylvain Salnave as President of Haiti in 1869. Coming into power by coup, Saget was the first Haitian president to serve out his term of office (1869–1874) and retire voluntarily, although his retirement led to a renewal of the political turmoil between blacks and the country's mulatto elites. He died in 1880.[3]

Presidency

On March 19, 1870, the National Assembly elected General Nissage Saget President of Haiti for a term of four years, expiring on May 15, 1874.[4]

During his presidency, Saget attempted to observe the Constitution of 1867.[4] The liberals sought drastic change rather than trying to extend public liberty gradually, including by introducing the parliamentary system, trying to subject the Executive Power to the legislative body, and compelling those members of the Cabinet who were not in sympathy with the House of Representatives to relinquish their offices.[4] Misunderstandings with the President ensued.[4] Notwithstanding, some useful reforms took place, the most important of them being the redeeming of Haiti's paper currency.[4]

During his presidency, Saget dealt with a number of diplomatic incidents, including the Batsch affair with Germany, the Hornet incident with Spain and the United States, and the United States' attempted annexation of neighboring Santo Domingo (the Dominican Republic).[4] Despite these few minor troubles with the foreign powers, peace remained undisturbed.[4]

The transfer of power from Saget to his successor did not go smoothly.[4] The House of Representatives and the Senate, which had met in April 1874, were to assemble in National Assembly in order to elect a new President.[4] There were two candidates for the office: Michel Domingue (Commandant of the Southern Department, supported by Saget and his followers) and Pierre Monplaisir Pierre (the candidate of the liberal party).[4] Many of Pierre's supporters withdrew from the House because of a dispute over the validity of a key Pierre supporter's election, meaning that there was no quorum for the presidential election.[4] Saget's term was to expire on May 15, 1874, and the liberal party tried to persuade him to remain in power until his successor could be elected.[4] He emphatically refused, and on May 14, 1874, he relinquished the presidency to the Council of the Secretaries of State, having previously appointed Michel Domingue Commander-in-Chief of the Haitian Army.[4]

On May 20, Saget left Port-au-Prince for Saint-Marc, on a donkey, where he lived until his death on April 7, 1880.[4]

Footnotes

  1. ↑ "The American Annual Cyclopedia and Register of Important Events: Embracing Political, Civil, Military, and Social Affairs: Public Documents; Biography, Statistics, Commerce, Finance, Literature, Science, Agriculture, and Mechanical Industry". D. Appleton & Company. 1870.
  2. ↑ The given name "Jean-Nicolas" does not appear in early sources (which refer to him exclusively as "Nissage Saget"), though one 1880 source refers to him as "Nicolas Nissage Saget". Many modern sources include "Jean-Nicolas", though some omit "Jean-Nicolas" entirely. Some sources--both early and modern--suggest that Nissage is a given name. Some sources hyphenate "Nissage-Saget" or treat "Nissage Saget" as a compound family name; others use Saget alone as his family name.
  3. ↑ Rogozinski, Jan (1999). A Brief History of the Caribbean (Revised ed.). New York: Facts on File, Inc. pp. 220. ISBN 0-8160-3811-2.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Léger, Jacques Nicolas (1907). Haiti, Her History and Her Detractors. Neale Publishing Company. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
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