Mikola Statkevich
Мікола Статкевіч
Leader of the Belarusian Social Democratic Party (People's Assembly)
Assumed office
29 June 1996
Preceded byOffice established
Personal details
Born (1956-08-12) 12 August 1956
Liadna, Byelorussian SSR, Soviet Union (now Belarus)
Political partyBelarusian Social Democratic Party (People's Assembly)
Other political
affiliations		Communist Party of the Soviet Union (until 1991)
Alma materMinsk Higher Military Engineering School
Websitehttps://statkevich.org/
Military service
AllegianceSoviet Union
Branch/serviceSoviet Air Defence Forces
Years of service1973–1982[1]
RankLieutenant colonel

Mikola[lower-alpha 1] Viktaravich Statkevich (Belarusian: Мікола Віктаравіч Статкевіч, Russian: Николай Викторович Статкевич, romanized: Nikolai Viktorovich Statkevich; born 12 August 1956) is a Belarusian lieutenant colonel, politician, and opposition leader who was a presidential candidate at the 2010 Belarusian presidential election. Since 31 May 2020 he is held in prison by Belarusian authorities. Viasna Human Rights Centre recognized him as a political prisoner.[2] On 14 December 2021, Statkevich was sentenced to 14 years in prison.[3]

Early life and career

Mikola Viktaravich Statkevich was born in Liadna near Slutsk into a family of school teachers. He is a member of the Statkiewicz noble family (of the Kościesza coat of arms),[1] and is additionally a member of the Wołodkowicz noble family through his mother.[4]

During the German occupation of Belarus in World War II, his father (Viktar Paulavich Statkevich) and grandfather (Paul Statkevich) participated in the Belarusian partisan movement, engaging in sabotage against German authorities.[1] His grandfather was executed in 1944 by the German occupational authorities for his partisan activities.[4] Viktar, despite having been shot by a German soldier, survived the war and lives in the city of Baranavichy, where he is popular among the city's population and recognised by the local Belarusian opposition yearly on Victory Day.[1] His maternal grandfather, Symon Harabiets, was a member of the Communist Party of Western Belorussia who fled Polish political repression for the Soviet Union and was later executed during Soviet repressions in Belarus.[4]

Military career

In 1978, Statkevich graduated from the Minsk Higher Military Engineering School and served as a member of the Soviet Air Defence Forces in the Murmansk Oblast of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, where he was recognised for his capability among his unit, responsible for air defence within the entire Russian Far North.[1] He left active military service in 1982, at the rank of lieutenant colonel, to return to the Higher Military Engineering School, where he defended his thesis and became a teacher under the Ministries of Education and Culture. Statkevich has published over 60 scientific works, focusing on, among other things, ergonomics, engineering psychology, and social psychology.[5]

In the early 1990s, Statkevich was one of the leaders of the Belarusian Militarymen Association, a pro-independence union of Soviet officers from Belarus.[6] In 1991 Statkevich has left the Communist Party of the Soviet Union as a protest against the January Events, a crackdown by the Soviet military on democratic activists in Lithuania.[7]

Political career

In 1993 Statkevich was actively protesting against Belarus joining a collective defence treaty with Azerbaijan and Armenia that were at war at a time, to prevent Belarusian soldiers serving in military conflicts outside the country. For this Statkevich has been dismissed from the army shortly before the scheduled presentation of his Doctor of Science dissertation.[6] He then became one of the leaders of the Belarusian Social Democratic Party (People's Assembly), including the party's chairman since 1995.[7]

Statkevich was one of the leaders of the 1999 Freedom March against the Union State.

In 2005 Statkevich was sentenced to three years of labour for organising mass protests against the 2004 referendum in Belarus that has lifted the constitutional limit on presidential terms and allowed president Aliaksandr Lukashenka to again participate in presidential elections. Amnesty International declared Mikola Statkevich a prisoner of conscience. He was then set free in 2007 following an amnesty.[6]

Statkevich was one of many democratic candidates who ran in the 2010 Belarusian presidential election. After a crackdown on opposition demonstrations, he was arrested and imprisoned. On 26 May 2011, he was sentenced to 6 years in a medium security penal colony.[8] Amnesty International reported in July 2012 that Statkevich had been moved to a "punishment cell" after refusing to sign a confession.[9] He was later released from imprisonment but disappeared in early 2017 after announcing a planned demonstration in central Minsk. He was again released by authorities after they violently suppressed the rally.[10]

On 31 May 2020, he was arrested on his way to a rally where signatures for Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya were being gathered. He was sentenced to 15 days for participating in an unsanctioned protest.[11] This sentence was extended two more times, and he was tried again on 29 June for organizing unrest.[12] Viasna Human Rights Centre called the accusations politically motivated and demanded the immediate release of Statkevich.[2]

On 14 December 2021, Statkevich was sentenced to 14 years in prison. Along with him, Ihar Losik, Sergei Tikhanovsky and three other political prisoners were also sentenced. Throughout the 565 days he has spent in detention, Statkevich was not allowed to get access to legal representation or defence and he has been denied all contact with his family.[3]

Awards and recognitions

In December 2020, Statkevich was named among the representatives of the Democratic Belarusian opposition, honored with the Sakharov Prize by the European Parliament.[13]

Notes

  1. ↑ Also written as Mikalay (Belarusian: Мікалай).

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Tamkovich, Aliaksandr (8 July 2013). "Мікола Статкевіч: трымацца праўды" [Mikola Statkevich: Sticking to the Truth]. Novy Chas (in Belarusian). Retrieved 30 May 2023.
  2. 1 2 "Viasna condemns persecution of opposition leader Statkevich as politically motivated". Viasna Human Rights Centre. 30 June 2020. Retrieved 6 March 2021.
  3. 1 2 "Mikalai Statkevich sentenced to 14 years". Socialist International. 14 December 2021. Retrieved 27 December 2021.
  4. 1 2 3 Hruzdzinovich, Alieh (5 July 2014). "Радавод Статкевіча: аднаго дзеда забіў НКВД, другога расстралялі фашысты" [Statkevich's lineage: One grandfather killed by NKVD, second shot by fascists]. Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (in Belarusian). Retrieved 30 May 2023.
  5. ↑ "Палітык, падпалкоўнік, кандыдат навук. Хто такі Мікалай Статкевіч, якому прысудзілі 14 гадоў асаблівага рэжыму" [Politician, lieutenant colonel, candidate of sciences: Who is Mikalay Statkevich, sentenced to 14 years' special regime?]. Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (in Belarusian). 15 December 2021. Retrieved 30 May 2023.
  6. 1 2 3 "Мікола Статкевіч: У 2011 годзе ў апазіцыі можа быць апошні шанец" (in Belarusian). nn.by. 23 February 2010. Archived from the original on 12 December 2013. Retrieved 10 July 2012.
  7. 1 2 "Мікола Статкевіч (біяграфія)". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (in Belarusian). 10 December 2012. Retrieved 10 July 2012.
  8. ↑ "Statkevich sentenced to 6, Uss to 5.5 years in prison". Charter 97. 26 May 2011. Retrieved 10 July 2012.
  9. ↑ "Belarusian prisoner faces punishment cell". Amnesty International. 9 July 2012. Retrieved 10 July 2012.
  10. ↑ "Missing Belarusian Opposition Leader Freed After Three-Day Detention". Radio Free Europe. 27 March 2017. Retrieved 9 August 2017.
  11. ↑ "Белорусского оппозиционера Статкевича арестовали на 15 суток". June 2020.
  12. ↑ https://news.tut.by/economics/690840.html
  13. ↑ "Belarusian opposition receives 2020 Sakharov Prize". European Parliament. 16 December 2020. Retrieved 24 February 2021.
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