Odin the Wanderer (the meaning of his name Gangleri); illustration by Georg von Rosen, 1886

Odin (Old Norse Óðinn) is a widely attested god in Germanic mythology. The god is referred to by numerous names and kenningar, particularly in the Old Norse record.

List

List
Name
(Old Norse)		 Name
(anglicized)		 Meaning Sources
Aldafaðr father of men (or of the age/world) Óðins nǫfn (1), Vafþrúðnismál (4, 53)
Aldagautr Gautr of men (or of the age/world) Baldrs draumar (2)
Alfǫðr Alfodr Allfather, Father of All Gylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál, Grímnismál (48), Óðins nǫfn (2)
Algingautr The aged Gautr The Icelandic rune poem (4)
Angan Friggjar Delight of Frigg Vǫluspá (54)
Arnhǫfði Eagle Head Óðins nǫfn (2)
Atriðr, Atriði attacking rider, 'At-Rider' Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (48), Óðins nǫfn (1)
Asagrim (< *Ásagrimmr)[1] Lord of the Aesir Stolt Herr Alf
Auðun friend of wealth (Edwin, Audoin) Óðins nǫfn (1)
Bági ulfs Enemy of the Wolf Sonatorrek (24)
Baldrs faðir Balder's father[2] Lausavísa from Styrbjarnar þáttr Svíakappa[2]
Báleygr Baleyg Flaming Eye, Shifty Eyed Gylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál, Grímnismál (47), Hallfreðr vandræðaskáld's Hákonardrápa (6), Gísl Illugason's Erfikvæði um Magnús berfœtt (1), þulur, Óðins nǫfn (6), Grettisrímur V (61)
Biflindi / Spear Shaker, Shield Shaker Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (49), Óðins nǫfn (6)
Bileygr Bileyg Flashing Eye or Wavering Eye Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (47), þulur, Óðins nǫfn (5)
Blindi, Blindr / Blind Gylfaginning, Helgakviða Hundingsbana II (prose)
Brúni, Brúnn Brown, Bear Óðins nǫfn (6)
Bǫðgæðir (attested in its genitive form bǫðgœðis) Battle promoter Þorst 2,III
Bǫlverkr 'Bale-Worker' or Evil Worker or Evil Deed Gylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál, Hávamál (109), Grímnismál (47), Óðins nǫfn (7)
Bors niðr (Bors niðjar) Bor's son Egill Lv 23, V (Eg 30)
Bragi[3] Chieftain
Bróðir Vilis, Bróðir Vilja Vili's Brother Sonatorrek (23)
Burs arfþegi Bor's heir Hyndluljóð 30
Byrlindi Distorted version of Biflindi[4] Sturlaugsrímur III (50)
Darraðr, Dorruðr[3] Spearman
Draugadróttinn Lord of the undead Ynglinga saga
Dresvarpr Óðins nǫfn (2)
Dróttinn Lord Sonatorrek (22)
Ein skǫpuðr galdra Sole Creator of Magical Songs
Ennibrattr High (lit., 'straight') forehead Óðins nǫfn (6)
Eylúðr The ever booming Óðins nǫfn (6)
Faðmbyggvir Friggjar[3] Dweller in Frigg's Embrace
Farmagnuðr, Farmǫgnuðr journey empowerer Háleygjatal (2), Skáldskaparmál
Farmaguð, Farmatýr Farmagud, Farmatyr God of Cargoes (or Burdens) Gylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál, Grímnismál (48), Óðins nǫfn (2)
Farmr arma Gunnlaðar Burden of Gunnlǫð's Arms
Farmr galga Gallows' Burden
Fengr Fetcher or Catcher Óðins nǫfn (2)
Fimbultýr Fimbultyr Mighty God Vǫluspá (60)
Fimbulþulr[5] Fimbulthul Mighty Thuler Hávamál (80, 142)
Fjallgeiguðr Shape god Óðins nǫfn (2)
Fjǫlnir[6] Fjolnir Wise One, concealer, "the One who is many". Grímnismál (47), Reginsmál (18), Gylfaginning (3, 20), many skaldic poems, þulur, Óðins nǫfn (2), Skíðaríma (91, 174)
Fjǫlsviðr Fjolsvid, Fjolsvin Very Wise Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (47), Óðins nǫfn (2)
Foldardróttinn Lord of the Earth
Forni Ancient One
Fornǫlvir Ancient ǫlvir Óðins nǫfn (2)
Fráríðr, Fráríði The one who rides forth Óðins nǫfn (2), Grettisrímur III (1), Sturlaugsrímur VI (47)
Frumverr Friggjar First husband of Frigg
Fundinn The Found Óláfsrímur Tryggvasonar A III (1)
Gagnráðr Gagnrad Advantage Counsel Vafþrúðnismál (8, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17)
Galdrafǫðr Father of Magical Songs
Faðir galdrs Father of Magical Songs Baldrs draumar
Gangari, Ganglari, Gangleri [7] / Wanderer or Wayweary Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (46), Óðins nǫfn (3)
Gangráðr 'Gain Rede,' Contrary advisor, Journey Advisor Óðins nǫfn (3)
Gapþrosnir The one in gaping frenzy Óðins nǫfn (3)
Gautatýr Gautatyr God of the Geats Skáldskaparmál, Eyvindr skáldaspillir's Hákonarmál (1)
Gautr[8] Gaut Gautr Gylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál, Grímnismál (54), Óðins nǫfn (1), Friðþjófsrímur, Skíðaríma, Landrésrímur, Hjálmþérsrímur, Geiplur, Bjarkarímur, Griplur, Þrændlur, Skáldhelgarímur, Blávusrímur, Geirarðsrímur, Vǫlsungsrímur
Geiguðr Dangler Óðins nǫfn (3)
Geirlǫðnir Spear inviter Óðins nǫfn (3)
Geirǫlnir Spear charger Óðins nǫfn (5)
Geirtýr Gore/Spear God
Geirvaldr Gore/Spear Master
Geldnir Gelging Eunuch
Ginnarr Deceiver Óðins nǫfn (1)
Gizurr[9] Riddler Óðins nǫfn (1)
Gestumblindi / Blind Guest Hervarar saga (10), þulur, Óðins nǫfn (7)
Glapsviðr Glapsvid, Glapsvin Swift in Deceit, Swift Tricker, Maddener, Wise in magical spells Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (47), Óðins nǫfn (3)
Godan/Goden Lombard name for Odin Foulke (2003 [1974]:315–17)
Goði hrafnblóts Goði of the Raven-offering
Goðjaðarr God Protector Sonatorrek (23)
Gǫllnir Yeller Óðins nǫfn (3)
Gollorr Yeller Óðins nǫfn (1)
Gǫllungr Yeller Óðins nǫfn (5)
Gǫndlir [10] Gondlir Wand-Bearer, Wand-Wielder Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (49), Óðins nǫfn (3)
Gramr Hliðskjálfar King of Hliðskjalf
Grímnir Grimnir Hooded, Masked One Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (introduction, 47, 49), Hallfreðr vandræðaskáld's lausavísur (9), Eilífr Goðrúnarson's Þórsdrápa (3), Húsdrápa (1), Rǫgnvaldr kali Kolsson's lausavísur (7), þulur, Óðins nǫfn (1)
Grímr Grim Mask Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (46, 47), þulur, Óðins nǫfn (3, 7)
Gunnblindi Battle blinder Óðins nǫfn (8)
Hagvirkr Skillful worker Óðins nǫfn (4)
Hangadróttinn Lord of the hanged Ynglinga saga
Hangaguð, Hangatýr Hangagud, Hangatyr God of the Hanged Gylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál
Hangi Hanged One
Haptabeiðir Commander of Leaders
Haptaguð Haptagud God of Prisoners Gylfaginning
Haptasnytrir Teacher of gods
Haptsǫnirî Fetter Loosener
Hárbarðr Harbard Hoary Beard, Grey Beard Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (49), Hárbardsljód, þulur, Óðins nǫfn (3)
Hárr Har High Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (46), Óðins nǫfn (2)
Harri Hliðskjálfar Lord of Hliðskjalf
Hávi Havi High One Hávamál (109, 111, 164), Óðins nǫfn (4)
Heimþinguðr hanga Visitor of the Hanged
Helblindi [11] / Hel Blinder Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (46)
Hengikeptr, Hengikjopt Hang jaw Óðins nǫfn (4)
Herblindi Host blinder Óðins nǫfn (5)
Herfǫðr, Herjafǫðr Herfodr, Herjafodr Father of Hosts Gylfaginning, Vǫluspá (29, 43), Vafthrúdnismál (2), Grímnismál (19, 25, 26), Óðins nǫfn (5)
Hergautr Host Gautr
Herjan / Warrior, Harrier, Lord, Leader of Hosts Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (46), Óðins nǫfn (2), Vǫluspá (31)
Herteitr Herteit Glad of War Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (47), Óðins nǫfn (3)
Hertýr Hertyr Host-Tyr or God of Hosts Skáldskaparmál
Hildolfr Battle Wolf
Hjaldrgegnir Engager of Battle
Hjaldrgoð God of battle
Hjálmberi Hjalmberi Helmet Bearer Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (46), þulur, Óðins nǫfn (2)
Hjarrandi Screamer Óðins nǫfn (4)
Hléfreyr Famous/barrow lord Óðins nǫfn (5)
Hleifruðr Wayfinder Óðins nǫfn (4)
Hnikarr Hnikar Overthrower, Thruster Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (47), Reginsmál (18, 19), Óðins nǫfn (2)
Hnikuðr Hnikud Overthrower Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (48), Óðins nǫfn (1)
Hoárr One Eyed
Hǫtter Hatter, hat-wearer
Hovi High One
Hrafnaguð, Hrafnáss Hrafnagud Raven God Gylfaginning (38)
Hrafnfreistuðr Raven tester
Hrami Fetterer, Ripper Óðins nǫfn (4)
Hrani Blusterer
Hrjóðr Roarer Óðins nǫfn (4)
Hroptr, Hroptatýr Hropt, Hroptatyr Sage[12] Gylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál, Hákonarmál (14), Úlfr Uggason's Húsdrápa (8), Hávamál (160), Grímnismál (54), Sigrdrífumál (13), Óðins nǫfn (2, 3, 5), Vǫluspá (62)
Hrosshársgrani Horse hair moustache Gautreks saga, Óðins nǫfn (4)
Hvatmóðr Courage of the whet-stone Óðins nǫfn (5)
Hveðrungr Roarer or Weather-maker Óðins nǫfn (5)
Ít-rekr "glorious ruler"[13]
Jafnhárr Jafnhar 'Evenhigh,' Just as High, Equally High Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (49), Óðins nǫfn (8)
Jalfaðr Yellow-brown Back
Jálg, Jálkr Jalk Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (49, 54), Óðins nǫfn (7)
Járngrímr Iron Mask
Jólnir, Jǫlnir Yule figure Óðins nǫfn (7)
Jolfr Horse-wolf, bear
Jǫlfuðr, Jǫlfǫðr Yule father Óðins nǫfn (8)
Jǫrmunr The mighty one, cosmic Óðins nǫfn (8)
Kjalarr Kjalar Keel, Nourisher Gylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál, Grímnismál (49), Óðins nǫfn (1)
Langbarðr Langbard Long Beard þulur, Óðins nǫfn (7)
Lǫndungr, Loðungr Shaggy Cloak Wearer Óðins nǫfn (7)
Niðr Bors Borr's Kin
Njótr User, enjoyer or needed one Óðins nǫfn (6)
Odin Frenzy, Rage, Inspiration
Ófnir Inciter Óðins nǫfn (7)
Olgr Protector, Hawk Óðins nǫfn (6)
Ómi Omi Resounding one Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (49), Óðins nǫfn (7)
Óski Oski God of Wishes, Wished For Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (49), Óðins nǫfn (8)
Rauðgrani Red Mustache Bárðar saga Snæfellsáss 18,[14] O˛rvar-Odds saga 19ff.[15]
Reiðartýr Wagon God or God of riders
Rǫgnir Chief ('He that reigns') Óðins nǫfn (5)
Rúnatýr God of Runes
Runni vagna Mover of Constellations
Saðr Sadr, Sann Truthful, Sooth Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (47), Óðins nǫfn (8)
Sanngetall / Finder of Truth/Sooth Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (47), Óðins nǫfn (7)
Síðgrani Sidgrani Long Beard Alvíssmál (6)
Síðhǫttr Sidhott [16] Broad Hat Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (48), þulur, Óðins nǫfn (4)
Síðskeggr Sidskegg Long Beard Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (48), þulur, Óðins nǫfn (6)
Sigðir Victory giver Óðins nǫfn (6)
Sigfǫðr Sigfodr Father of Victory, War Father Gylfaginning, Vǫluspá (54), Grímnismál (48), Óðins nǫfn (4)
Siggautr Victory Geat Óðins nǫfn (6)
Sigrhofundr Victory Author Sonatorrek (22)
Sigmundr Victory protection Óðins nǫfn (6)
Sigrúnnr Victory Tree
Sigtryggr Sure of victory (Victory-true) Óðins nǫfn (8)
Sigtýr[17] Sigtyr God of Victory, War God Skáldskaparmál, Atlakviða (30), Glúmr Geirason's Gráfeldardrápa (12)
Sigþrór Successful in victory, Thriving in victory Óðins nǫfn (8)
Skilfingr Skilfing Trembler or he of Hlidshilf Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (54), Óðins nǫfn (8)
Skollvaldr Ruler of treachery Óðins nǫfn (6)
Sonr Bestlu Son of Bestla
Spjalli Gauta Friend of the Goths Sonatorrek (21)
Sváfnir [18] Svafnir Sleep bringer, Closer Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (54), Óðins nǫfn (4). The root svaf- is an Indo-European cognate to words meaning sleep (Greek hypnos; Latin sopor, sopio, somnus; etc.)[19]
Sveigðir Reed Bringer (see the story of Vikarr)
Sviðarr Svidar Gylfaginning
Sviðrir Svidrir Calmer Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (50), Óðins nǫfn (6)
Sviðuðr Óðins nǫfn (4)
Sviðurr Svidur Wise One Gylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál, Grímnismál (50), Óðins nǫfn (6)
Svipall Changing, Fleeting (or shape-shifter) Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (47), Óðins nǫfn (3)
Svǫlnir Svolnir Cooler Skáldskaparmál, Óðins nǫfn (6)
Tveggi Double, Twofold Óðins nǫfn (8) Vǫluspá (63)
Tvíblindi Tviblindi Twice Blind þulur, Óðins nǫfn (4)
Þekkr Thekk Known, Welcome One Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (46), Óðins nǫfn (7)
Þrasarr Quarreler Óðins nǫfn (4)
Þriði Thridi Third Gylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál, Grímnismál (46), Óðins nǫfn (5)
Þriggi Triple
Þrór Thror Burgeoning, Thriving Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (49), Óðins nǫfn (8)
Þróttr Thrott Strength Glymdrápa (2)
Þuðr Thud, Thunn Lean, Pale Gylfaginning, Óðins nǫfn (7)
Þundr Thund Thunderer Gylfaginning, Hávamál (145), Grímnismál (46, 54), Óðins nǫfn (7)
Uðr Ud, Unn[20] Loved, Beloved, Striver Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (46), Óðins nǫfn (7)
Váfuðr Vafud Wanderer Gylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál, Grímnismál (54)
Váfuðr Gungnis Swinger of Gungnir
Váði vitnis Foe of the Wolf
Vakr Vak Wakeful, Awakener Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (54), Óðins nǫfn (7)
Valdr galga Ruler of Gallows
Valdr vagnbrautar Ruler of Heaven
Valfǫðr Valfodr Father of the Slain Gylfaginning, Vǫluspá (1, 27, 28), Grímnismál (48), þulur, Óðins nǫfn (5)
Valgautr Valgaut Slaughter-Geat, Geat of the Slain Skáldskaparmál, Óðins nǫfn (8)
Valkjosandi Chooser of the Slain
Valtamr, Valtam Slain Tame, The Warrior
Valtýr Slain God
Valþognir Slain Receiver
Vegtam / Wanderer or Way-tame Baldrs draumar (6, 13)
Veratýr Veratyr God of men, God of being Gylfaginning, Óðins nǫfn (8)
Viðfräger Wide Famed
Viðrir Vidrir Stormer Gylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál, Lokasenna (26)

Hrafnagaldr Óðins (9)

Viðrímnir, Viðhrimnir Contrary screamer or 'wide hoary-beard' Óðins nǫfn (1)
Viðurr Vidur Killer Gylfaginning, Grímnismál (49), Óðins nǫfn (6), Karlevi Runestone
Vingnir Swinger Óðins nǫfn (5)
Vinr Lopts Friend of Loptr
Vinr Lóðurs Friend of Lóðurr
Vinr Míms Friend of Mímir Sonatorrek (23)
Vinr stalla Friend of Altars
Vodin Wōden / Wōdan / Wuotan / Wōtan / Votan Leader / War Leader The old Nordic Odin stems from the original name, Vodin, God of War, which still had the beginning consonant in its western Germanic form.[21]
Vófuðr Dangler Óðins nǫfn (5)
Vǫlundr rómu Smith of Battle
Yggr Ygg Terrible One Gylfaginning, Skáldskaparmál, Vǫluspá (28), Grímnismál (53, 54), Óðins nǫfn (8)
Ýjungr, Ýrungr Stormy or of the primal streams Óðins nǫfn (8)

In Old English, Odin was known as Wōden; in Old Saxon, as Wōdan; and in Old High German, as Wuotan or Wōtan.

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ The use of grimmR and the later form grim in the sense "lord" has only a few occurrences from Sweden. In extant Icelandic material grimmr only appears as an adjective with the meaning "heartless", "strict" and "wicked", which can be compared with the use of adjective gramr ("wrath") as a name for "lord", see Runic Dictionary Entry for grimmR Archived 24 February 2022 at the Wayback Machine at the runic dictionary of the university of Nottingham.
  2. 1 2 Townend, Matthew (2 July 2012). "Anonymous Lausavísur, Lausavísur from Styrbjarnar þáttr Svíakappa 1". Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages. 1: 1076. Archived from the original on 24 February 2022. Retrieved 2 July 2022 – via skaldic.org.
  3. 1 2 3 Blumetti, Robert. (2019). The Norse Gods and Their Myths, p. 130
  4. ↑ Finnur Jónsson (1926–28). Ordbog til de af samfund til udg. af gml. nord. litteratur udgivne rímur samt til de af Dr. O. Jiriczek udgivne bósarimur, pp. 51–51. København: J. Jørgensen & Co.
  5. ↑ Also the name of a river, one of the Élivágar.
  6. ↑ Also the name of a mythological king of Sweden, Fjǫlnir.
  7. ↑ Also an assumed name used by Gylfi.
  8. ↑ Also the name of a member of a defunct Scandinavian nation, one of the Geats.
  9. ↑ Also the name of a Geatish king, Gizurr.
  10. ↑ "Geldnir" in other manuscripts.
  11. ↑ Also the name of a brother of Loki.
  12. ↑ The meaning is disputed according to Lindow but Larrington gives the translation "Sage" in the Poetic Edda.
  13. ↑ inferred from Ítreksjóð "offspring of Ítrekr" in a some recencions of the Eddaic þulur. See Hannah Burrows in Chase (ed.), Eddic, Skaldic, and Beyond: Poetic Variety in Medieval Iceland and Norway, Oxford University Press, 2014, p. 122 Archived 4 May 2023 at the Wayback Machine.
  14. ↑ ed. Þórhallur Vilmundarson/Bjarni Vilhjálmsson, Íslenzk fornrit 13, Reykjavík 1991, p. 163
  15. ↑ ed. Guðni Jónsson, Fornaldar sǫgur Norðurlanda 2, Reykjavík 1954, pp. 279ff.
  16. ↑ "Sidhofr" in other manuscripts.
  17. ↑ In plural, sigtívar refers to the gods in many Eddic poems.
  18. ↑ Also the name of a serpent found in the wellspring of Hvergelmir.
  19. ↑ Mallory, James P.; Adams, Douglas Q. (1997). Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture. London: Routledge. p. 527. ISBN 978-1-884964-98-5
  20. ↑ Also the name of one of the nine daughters of Ægir.
  21. ↑ "Vodin | thezaurus.com". Archived from the original on 19 September 2018.

Further reading

  • Bǫdl, Klaus (2013). "Odin: Der Gott Der Vielen Namen". Gǫtter und Mythen des Nordens ein Handbuch. Beck. ISBN 978-3-406-65219-6. OCLC 901930521.
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