Municipality of Redfern
New South Wales
Redfern Town Hall, c. 1871, Mayor George Renwick is pictured at right on the balcony.
Population18,637 (1947 census)[1]
 • Density11,000/km2 (28,400/sq mi)
Established11 August 1859
Abolished31 December 1948
Area1.7 km2 (0.7 sq mi)
Council seatRedfern Town Hall
ParishAlexandria
LGAs around Municipality of Redfern:
Darlington Sydney Sydney
Newtown Municipality of Redfern Sydney
Erskineville Alexandria Waterloo

The Municipality of Redfern was a local government area of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The small municipality was proclaimed in 1859 as one of the first municipalities proclaimed under the new provisions of the Municipalities Act, 1858, and was centred on the suburbs of Redfern, Eveleigh, Darlington and Surry Hills. The council was amalgamated, along with most of its neighbours, with the City of Sydney to the north with the passing of the Local Government (Areas) Act 1948. From 1968 to 1982 and from 1989 to 2004, the area was part of the South Sydney councils.

Council history

When Redfern Municipality was proclaimed in August 1859, the area initially included the areas of Waterloo and Alexandria. However the Municipality of Waterloo was proclaimed in May 1860 and the Municipality of Alexandria separated from Waterloo in August 1868.[2][3] Upon incorporation in 1859, the municipality was divided into three wards: Redfern, Waterloo and Surry Hills, each electing three Aldermen. With the secession of Waterloo a few months later the wards were rearranged to be Redfern, Belmore and Surry Hills and in 1880 Golden Grove Ward was added to that number.[4] Under the enactment of The Municipalities Act of 1867, the title of 'Chairman' for the council was changed to be 'Mayor'. With this Act, the council also became known as the Borough of Redfern (From 28 December 1906, with the passing of the Local Government Act, 1906, the council was again renamed as the "Municipality of Redfern"). The Mayor had a set of official robes to wear as part of the office, but they were often boycotted by Labor mayors who affirmed they were against their 'democratic principles'.[5]

Redfern was notable for being the first suburb in Sydney to have electricity and electric street lighting, which occurred when the Council voted unanimously in 1891 to build its own power station, in Turner Street, to power the suburb. From the late 1910s and 1920s the Redfern area became increasingly populated by the unemployed and working class, employed by industry and the nearby Eveleigh Railway Workshops, resulting in the increasing domination of the Labor Party and left-wing groups in the area.[6] In 1947 the Communist Party of Australia succeeded in getting their first alderman, Patrick Levelle, elected to the council.[7][8] As a consequence the council, traditionally held by the merchant and middle classes, frequently found itself divided on simple matters, including the election of the mayor, which required the Minister for Local Government and the Governor to instead appoint the mayor several times.[9][10][11][12][13] This was a situation occurring within many of the inner-city councils as demographics of the area changed dramatically, but Redfern was considered the worst example of a council paralysed by party politics.[14]

With the Redfern area's close involvement with the labor movement and the Labor Party, the wartime conscription debate affected Redfern Council most particularly. In October 1916 Redfern Council passed a motion "without a dissentient that conscription was not in the best interests in Australia", in direct opposition to the views of ALP Prime Minister Billy Hughes and the Member for Redfern James McGowen. McGowen lost his preselection in Redfern and in response the Redfern ALP Branch president, Alderman John Leitch (Mayor, 1908–1910, 1914–1915) resigned to join the pro-conscriptionists with his friend McGowen.[15]

By the end of World War II, the Government of New South Wales realised that its ideas of infrastructure expansion could not be effected by the present system of the patchwork of small municipal councils across Sydney and the Minister for Local Government, Joseph Cahill, following the recommendations of the 1945–46 Clancy Royal Commission on Local Government Boundaries, passed a bill in 1948 that abolished a significant number of those councils.[16] Under the Local Government (Areas) Act 1948, Redfern Municipal Council became the Redfern Ward of the City of Sydney, returning two aldermen.[17]

Mayors

Francis Augustus Wright
Mayor 1882–1884
Thomas Clarke (1846–1922), Mayor (1890–1891, 1898–1900) and Member of Parliament for Darlington (1898–1901).
John Beveridge (1848–1916), Alderman for Belmore Ward (1886–1891) and Mayor (1891).
Patrick Mooney (1880–1942), Mayor (1925) and Senator for New South Wales (1931–1932).
#OfficeMayorPartyTerm startTerm endTime in officeNotes
1ChairmanThomas Hayes 14 September 18591 June 18611 year, 260 days[18][19]
2Michael Williamson 1 June 18615 February 1862249 days[20][21]
3George Renwick 5 February 18625 February 18642 years, 0 days[22][23]
4Thomas Jones 5 February 186410 February 18651 year, 5 days[24]
5Thomas Wild 10 February 18659 February 1866364 days[25]
6William Williamson 9 February 18667 February 1867363 days[26]
(3)George Renwick 7 February 186713 February 18681 year, 6 days[27]
Mayor13 February 186816 February 18724 years, 3 days[28]
7Henry Hudson 16 February 187211 February 18741 year, 360 days[29][30]
–William Williamson 11 February 18748 February 18761 year, 362 days[31][32]
8Patrick Stanley 8 February 187611 February 18804 years, 3 days[33][34]
–Henry Hudson 11 February 18809 February 1881364 days[29][35]
–Patrick Stanley 9 February 188110 February 18821 year, 1 day[36][37]
9Francis Augustus Wright 10 February 188216 February 18853 years, 6 days[38][39]
10George Lander 16 February 18853 February 18871 year, 352 days[40][41]
11Edwin Berry 3 February 188710 February 18881 year, 7 days[42][43]
12Thomas Williamson 10 February 188814 February 18891 year, 4 days[44][45]
13John Crowe 14 February 188913 February 1890364 days[46]
14Thomas Clarke 13 February 189012 February 1891364 days[47]
15John Beveridge 12 February 189129 May 1891106 days[48][49]
16George William Howe 2 June 189117 February 18931 year, 260 days[50][51]
17Cornelius Gorton 17 February 189315 February 1894363 days[52][53]
18William Davis 15 February 189415 February 18951 year, 0 days[54][55]
19William Poole 15 February 189513 February 1896363 days[56]
20George Richard Parkes 13 February 189611 February 1897364 days[57][58]
21Joseph Medcalf 11 February 18978 February 1898362 days[59][60]
–Edwin Berry 8 February 189813 October 1898247 days[61][62]
–Thomas Clarke 13 October 18987 February 19001 year, 117 days[63][64]
22Henry Vernon 7 February 190014 February 19011 year, 7 days[65]
23James Jackson 14 February 190112 February 1902363 days[66]
24Thomas Fanning 12 February 190212 February 19031 year, 0 days[67]
–George Richard Parkes 12 February 190313 February 19041 year, 0 days[68]
–Joseph Medcalf 13 February 190417 February 19051 year, 5 days[69][70]
–Cornelius Gorton 17 February 190516 February 1906364 days[71][72]
25James Owen Batchelor 16 February 190615 February 1907364 days[73]
26George Todd 15 February 19077 February 1908357 days[74]
27John Leitch   Labor 7 February 19082 February 19112 years, 360 days[9][75][76]
28Tom Holden2 February 191111 February 19143 years, 9 days[77][78]
–John Leitch11 February 19144 February 1915358 days[79][80]
–Tom Holden4 February 191512 July 19172 years, 158 days[77][81]
29Albert Clarke Isaacs 12 July 19175 February 19202 years, 208 days[82][83][84]
30Patrick Roberts   Labor 5 February 19206 December 19222 years, 304 days[85][86][87]
31John Joseph Castle6 December 192220 December 19231 year, 14 days[88]
32George Boyd20 December 192316 December 1924362 days[89][90]
33Patrick Mooney16 December 192423 December 19262 years, 7 days[91][92][93]
–Tom Holden23 December 192623 December 19271 year, 0 days[77][94]
34Francis James Gilmore 23 December 192712 December 1928355 days[95][96][97]
35John Hanafin 12 December 192819 December 19291 year, 7 days[98]
36George Waite   Labor 19 December 192918 December 1930364 days[99]
37Kenneth John Alexander MacRae18 December 19307 January 19321 year, 20 days[100]
38George Wheatley7 January 193215 December 1932343 days[101]
–John Joseph Castle15 December 193231 December 19342 years, 16 days[102]
39Harry Gardiner31 December 193410 January 19361 year, 10 days[11][103]
40Joseph Malachi Gilmore 10 January 19368 January 1937364 days[104]
41Alexis Howarth 8 January 193723 December 1937349 days[12][105][106]
–Francis James Gilmore 23 December 193721 December 19391 year, 363 days[107]
42James Francis Edward Gilmore 21 December 193911 December 19411 year, 355 days[108][109][110]
43John Stephen O’Brien 11 December 194123 December 19432 years, 12 days[111][112]
44Thomas Ormond Powell 23 December 194313 December 1944356 days[113]
45Edward Robert Elvy 13 December 194410 January 19461 year, 28 days[114][115]
46Joseph Warburton 10 January 194618 December 1946342 days[13][116]
–Alexis Howarth 18 December 194631 December 19482 years, 13 days[117][118][119]

Town Clerks

R. W. Grierson, Town Clerk of Redfern for 49 years (1885–1934).
#Town ClerkTerm startTerm endTime in officeNotes
1George Philben14 September 185931 December 18612 years, 108 days[120]
2Edward Richard Jones1 January 18621 February 18631 year, 31 days[121]
3Thomas Fraser1 February 18631 February 18696 years, 0 days[122][123]
4William Steele Wardrop1 February 186921 January 188111 years, 355 days[124][125][126]
5William Neale Parker21 January 188111 June 18854 years, 141 days[127]
6Robert William Grierson11 June 188530 November 193449 years, 172 days[128][129][130][131]
7Frank W. Wright30 November 193431 December 194814 years, 31 days[132]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Spearritt, Peter (2000). Sydney's Century: A History. Sydney: University of New South Wales Press. pp. 272–273.
  2. ↑ "Municipality of Redfern". New South Wales Government Gazette. No. 155. New South Wales, Australia. 13 August 1859. p. 1765. Retrieved 26 March 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
  3. ↑ "Jubilee of Waterloo". The Evening News. Sydney: National Library of Australia. 10 June 1910. p. 9. Retrieved 1 April 2015.
  4. ↑ Redfern Municipal Council (1909). Souvenir to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the incorporation of the Municipality of Redfern, 1859-1909. Sydney: McCarron, Stewart & Co.: Redfern Municipal Council.
  5. ↑ "Donning the Mayor Robes". The Richmond River Herald and Northern Districts Advertiser (NSW : 1886 - 1942). NSW: National Library of Australia. 2 April 1926. p. 2. Retrieved 9 October 2015.
  6. ↑ Attarjarusit, T.; Burdon, D.; Burgess, A.; Boyle, R. "Pre and Post Colonial Redfern: A Social History". University of Sydney.
  7. ↑ Mulheron, Maurie (2010). "Review – Radical Sydney: places, portraits and unruly episodes". Illawarra Unity – Journal of the Illawarra Branch of the Australian Society for the Study of Labour History. 10 (1): 66–68.
  8. ↑ "Communist Wins Council Seat". Tribune. No. 335. New South Wales, Australia. 22 July 1947. p. 1. Retrieved 21 October 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
  9. 1 2 "Redfern's Mayor". The Evening News. Sydney: National Library of Australia. 21 February 1908. p. 6. Retrieved 27 March 2015.
  10. ↑ "Municipal farce at Redfern. Governor Will Appoint Mayor". The Evening News. Sydney: National Library of Australia. 15 February 1910. p. 4. Retrieved 27 March 2015.
  11. 1 2 "Lord Mayor". The Sydney Morning Herald. National Library of Australia. 1 January 1935. p. 7. Retrieved 27 March 2015.
  12. 1 2 "Filling the gaps". The Dubbo Liberal and Macquarie Advocate. NSW: National Library of Australia. 7 January 1937. p. 1. Retrieved 27 March 2015.
  13. 1 2 "Minister names Redfern Mayor". The Sydney Morning Herald. National Library of Australia. 16 January 1946. p. 4. Retrieved 27 March 2015.
  14. ↑ "Party politics". Goulburn Evening Penny Post. NSW: National Library of Australia. 31 December 1936. p. 5 Edition: DAILY. Retrieved 27 March 2015.
  15. ↑ Cunneen, Christopher (2000). William John McKell: Boilermaker, Premier, Governor-General. Sydney, New South Wales: UNSW Press. p. 47. ISBN 0868405876.
  16. ↑ "4895 Royal Commission on Local Government Boundaries". State Records Archives Investigator. State Archives and Records Authority of New South Wales. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
  17. ↑ "City of Sydney". The Sydney Morning Herald. No. 34, 620. New South Wales, Australia. 6 December 1948. p. 4. Retrieved 10 September 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  18. ↑ "Redfern Municipality". The Sydney Morning Herald. New South Wales, Australia. 11 January 1860. p. 4. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  19. ↑ "DETAILED ACCOUNT of REVENUE and EXPENDITURE of the MUNICIPAL COUNCIL OF REDFERN, for Quarter ending 2nd April, 1860". New South Wales Government Gazette. No. 66. New South Wales, Australia. 6 April 1860. p. 677. Retrieved 8 January 2021 – via National Library of Australia.
  20. ↑ "Michael Williamson (1803-1862)". Sydney's Aldermen. City of Sydney. Retrieved 8 July 2016.
  21. ↑ "DETAILED ACCOUNT of the REVENUE and EXPENDITURE of the MUNICIPAL COUNCIL OF REDFERN, for the Half-year ending 30th June, 1860:—". New South Wales Government Gazette. No. 125. New South Wales, Australia. 6 July 1860. p. 1278. Retrieved 8 January 2021 – via National Library of Australia.
  22. ↑ "Municipal elections". The Sydney Morning Herald. New South Wales, Australia. 8 February 1862. p. 4. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  23. ↑ "Municipal elections". The Sydney Morning Herald. New South Wales, Australia. 13 February 1863. p. 5. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  24. ↑ "Municipality of Redfern". The Sydney Morning Herald. New South Wales, Australia. 12 February 1864. p. 5. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  25. ↑ "Municipality of Redfern". Empire. New South Wales, Australia. 21 February 1865. p. 5. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  26. ↑ "William Williamson (1825-1881)". Sydney's Aldermen. City of Sydney. Retrieved 8 July 2016.
  27. ↑ "Municipality meetings". Sydney Mail. New South Wales, Australia. 23 February 1867. p. 2. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  28. ↑ "Borough of Redfern —Notice". New South Wales Government Gazette. No. 44. New South Wales, Australia. 21 February 1868. p. 510. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  29. 1 2 Walsh, G. P. (1972). "Hudson, Henry (1836–1907)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. Retrieved 27 March 2015.
  30. ↑ "Borough of Redfern". New South Wales Government Gazette. No. 51. New South Wales, Australia. 20 February 1872. p. 466. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  31. ↑ "Borough of Redfern". New South Wales Government Gazette. No. 34. New South Wales, Australia. 13 February 1874. p. 466. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  32. ↑ "Borough of Redfern". New South Wales Government Gazette. No. 35. New South Wales, Australia. 16 February 1875. p. 470. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  33. ↑ "Borough of Redfern". New South Wales Government Gazette. No. 48. New South Wales, Australia. 11 February 1876. p. 628. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  34. ↑ "Borough of Redfern". New South Wales Government Gazette. No. 55. New South Wales, Australia. 18 February 1879. p. 782. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  35. ↑ "Notice is hereby given that Mr. Henry Hudson has been duly elected Mayor of the Borough of Redfern for the current". New South Wales Government Gazette. No. 60. New South Wales, Australia. 13 February 1880. p. 739. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  36. ↑ "Obituary Mr Patrick Stanley, Redfern". Freeman's Journal. Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia. 11 November 1915. p. 16. Retrieved 2 February 2016.
  37. ↑ "Borough of Redfern". New South Wales Government Gazette. No. 57. New South Wales, Australia. 11 February 1881. p. 888. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  38. ↑ "Borough of Redfern". New South Wales Government Gazette. No. 71. New South Wales, Australia. 17 February 1882. p. 947. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  39. ↑ "Borough of Redfern". New South Wales Government Gazette. No. 109. New South Wales, Australia. 7 March 1884. p. 1622. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  40. ↑ "Borough of Redfern". New South Wales Government Gazette. No. 70. New South Wales, Australia. 20 February 1885. p. 1291. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  41. ↑ "Borough of Redfern". New South Wales Government Gazette. No. 103. New South Wales, Australia. 19 February 1886. p. 1247. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  42. ↑ "The late Mr Edwin Berry". The Sydney Morning Herald. NSW: National Library of Australia. 6 March 1899. p. 4. Retrieved 2 February 2016.
  43. ↑ "Borough of Redfern". New South Wales Government Gazette. No. 68. New South Wales, Australia. 4 February 1887. p. 823. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  44. ↑ "Thomas Michael Williamson". Sydney's Aldermen. City of Sydney. Retrieved 26 January 2016.
  45. ↑ "Borough of Redfern". New South Wales Government Gazette. No. 107. New South Wales, Australia. 14 February 1888. p. 1258. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  46. ↑ "Borough of Redfern". New South Wales Government Gazette. No. 110. New South Wales, Australia. 19 February 1889. p. 1390. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  47. ↑ "Borough of Redfern". [New South Wales Government Gazette. No. 82. New South Wales, Australia. 14 February 1890. p. 1361. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  48. ↑ "Resignation of the Mayor of Redfern". The Evening News. Sydney: National Library of Australia. 30 May 1891. p. 6. Retrieved 27 March 2015.
  49. ↑ "Borough of Redfern". New South Wales Government Gazette. No. 106. New South Wales, Australia. 13 February 1891. p. 1276. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  50. ↑ "New Mayor for Redfern". The Evening News. Sydney: National Library of Australia. 4 June 1891. p. 6. Retrieved 27 March 2015.
  51. ↑ "BOROUGH OF REDFERN". New South Wales Government Gazette. No. 107. New South Wales, Australia. 16 February 1892. p. 1335. Retrieved 8 January 2021 – via National Library of Australia.
  52. ↑ "Municipal elections". The Sydney Morning Herald. NSW: National Library of Australia. 18 February 1893. p. 10. Retrieved 2 February 2016.
  53. ↑ "Borough of Redfern". New South Wales Government Gazette. No. 114. New South Wales, Australia. 21 February 1893. p. 1517. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  54. ↑ "Municipal elections". The Sydney Morning Herald. NSW: National Library of Australia. 15 February 1894. p. 6. Retrieved 2 February 2016.
  55. ↑ "Borough of Redfern". New South Wales Government Gazette. No. 98. New South Wales, Australia. 16 February 1894. p. 1081. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  56. ↑ "Borough of Redfern". New South Wales Government Gazette. No. 140. New South Wales, Australia. 26 February 1895. p. 1400. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  57. ↑ "Municipal elections". Evening News. Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia. 13 February 1896. p. 3. Retrieved 2 February 2016.
  58. ↑ "Borough of Redfern". New South Wales Government Gazette. No. 106. New South Wales, Australia. 14 February 1896. p. 1029. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  59. ↑ "Joseph Medcalf". Sydney's Aldermen. City of Sydney. Retrieved 2 February 2016.
  60. ↑ "Borough of Redfern". New South Wales Government Gazette. No. 115. New South Wales, Australia. 12 February 1897. p. 1012. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  61. ↑ "BOROUGH OF REDFEEN". New South Wales Government Gazette. No. 123. New South Wales, Australia. 11 February 1898. p. 1115. Retrieved 8 January 2021 – via National Library of Australia.
  62. ↑ "Resignation of the Mayor of Redfern". The Evening News. Sydney: National Library of Australia. 14 October 1898. p. 3. Retrieved 27 March 2015.
  63. ↑ "Mr Thomas Clarke". Former members of the Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 9 April 2019.
    "Borough of Redfern". New South Wales Government Gazette. No. 908. New South Wales, Australia. 18 October 1898. p. 8311. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  64. ↑ "BOROUGH OF REDFERN". New South Wales Government Gazette. No. 214. New South Wales, Australia. 14 March 1899. p. 2184. Retrieved 8 January 2021 – via National Library of Australia.
  65. ↑ "Borough of Redfern". New South Wales Government Gazette. No. 130. New South Wales, Australia. 13 February 1900. p. 1222. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  66. ↑ "Borough of Redfern". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales. No. 122. New South Wales, Australia. 15 February 1901. p. 1179. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  67. ↑ "Borough of Redfern". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales. No. 133. New South Wales, Australia. 14 February 1902. p. 1309. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  68. ↑ "Borough of Redfern". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales. No. 83. New South Wales, Australia. 13 February 1903. p. 1332. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  69. ↑ "Municipal matters". The Evening News. Sydney: National Library of Australia. 15 February 1904. p. 8. Retrieved 27 March 2015.
  70. ↑ "Borough of Redfern". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales. No. 93. New South Wales, Australia. 16 February 1904. p. 1401. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
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  72. ↑ "Redfern". The Sydney Morning Herald. National Library of Australia. 21 February 1906. p. 4. Retrieved 27 March 2015.
  73. ↑ "Borough of Redfern". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales. No. 97. New South Wales, Australia. 20 February 1906. p. 1252. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  74. ↑ "Municipality of Redfern". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales. No. 21. New South Wales, Australia. 20 February 1907. p. 1109. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  75. ↑ "The new Mayor of Redfern". The Evening News. Sydney: National Library of Australia. 30 March 1910. p. 7. Retrieved 27 March 2015.
  76. ↑ "Municipality of Redfern". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales. No. 50. New South Wales, Australia. 29 April 1908. p. 2324. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  77. 1 2 3 "Mr Thomas Douglas Percy Holden". Former members of the Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 9 April 2019.
  78. ↑ "Municipality of Redfern". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales. No. 26. New South Wales, Australia. 1 March 1911. p. 1367. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  79. ↑ "Mr John Leitch". The Sydney Morning Herald. National Library of Australia. 9 May 1927. p. 20. Retrieved 27 March 2015.
  80. ↑ "Municipality of Redfern". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales. No. 27. New South Wales, Australia. 18 February 1914. p. 1143. Retrieved 21 October 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
  81. ↑ "Mayoral elections". The Sydney Morning Herald. NSW: National Library of Australia. 5 February 1915. p. 10. Retrieved 2 February 2016.
  82. ↑ "AFTER 18 YEARS. Mayor of Redfern retires". The Evening News. Sydney: National Library of Australia. 23 January 1920. p. 7. Retrieved 27 March 2015.
  83. ↑ "Redfern War Memorial". Register of War Memorials in NSW. New South Wales Government. 2014. Retrieved 27 March 2015.
  84. ↑ "Municipality of Redfern". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales. No. 107. New South Wales, Australia. 20 July 1917. p. 3735. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  85. ↑ "Action of Redfern's Mayor". The Brisbane Courier. National Library of Australia. 19 March 1921. p. 5. Retrieved 27 March 2015.
  86. ↑ "MR. P. ROBERTS' DEATH". Evening News. Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia. 13 November 1923. p. 4. Retrieved 2 February 2016.
  87. ↑ "Municipality of Redfern". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales. No. 34. New South Wales, Australia. 13 February 1920. p. 1095. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  88. ↑ "Luck dip - Redfern's Mayor". The Evening News. Sydney: National Library of Australia. 7 December 1922. p. 15. Retrieved 27 March 2015.
  89. ↑ "Mayor of Redfern". The Evening News. Sydney: National Library of Australia. 21 December 1923. p. 6. Retrieved 27 March 2015.
  90. ↑ "Municipality of Redfern". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales. No. 159. New South Wales, Australia. 28 December 1923. p. 6106. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  91. ↑ "Personal". The National Advocate. Bathurst, NSW: National Library of Australia. 2 January 1943. p. 2. Retrieved 27 March 2015.
  92. ↑ "Municipality of Redfern". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales. No. 159. New South Wales, Australia. 19 December 1924. p. 5779. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  93. ↑ Hawker, Geoffrey. "Mooney, Patrick Frederick (1880–1942) - Senator for New South Wales, 1931–32 (Lang Labor)". Biographical Dictionary of the Australian Senate - Online Edition. Parliament of Australia. Retrieved 8 July 2016.
  94. ↑ "Municipality of Redfern". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales. No. 170. New South Wales, Australia. 31 December 1926. p. 5515. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  95. ↑ "Redfern's Mayor". The Evening News. Sydney: National Library of Australia. 28 December 1927. p. 8. Retrieved 27 March 2015.
  96. ↑ "Donning the Mayor Robes". The Richmond River Herald and Northern Districts Advertiser (NSW : 1886–1942). NSW: National Library of Australia. 2 April 1926. p. 2. Retrieved 27 March 2015.
  97. ↑ "Municipality of Redfern". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales. No. 191. New South Wales, Australia. 30 December 1927. p. 6121. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  98. ↑ "Municipality of Redfern". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales. No. 163. New South Wales, Australia. 14 December 1928. p. 5290. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  99. ↑ "Municipality of Redfern". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales. No. 160. New South Wales, Australia. 27 December 1929. p. 5169. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  100. ↑ "Municipality of Redfern". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales. No. 186. New South Wales, Australia. 24 December 1930. p. 5104. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  101. ↑ "LABOR MAYOR FOR REDFERN". The Labor Daily. New South Wales, Australia. 8 January 1932. p. 5. Retrieved 8 January 2021 – via National Library of Australia.
  102. ↑ "Municipality of Redfern". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales. No. 189. New South Wales, Australia. 23 December 1932. p. 4573. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  103. ↑ "Appointment of the Mayor of the municipality of Redfern". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales. No. 234. New South Wales, Australia. 31 December 1934. p. 4888. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  104. ↑ "Appointment of the Mayor of the municipality of Redfern". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales. No. 4. New South Wales, Australia. 10 January 1936. p. 75. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  105. ↑ "Appointment of the Mayor of the municipality of Redfern". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales. No. 2. New South Wales, Australia. 8 January 1937. p. 12. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
  106. ↑ "New mayors". The Sydney Morning Herald. No. 30, 894. New South Wales, Australia. 8 January 1937. p. 16. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
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  108. ↑ "Mayor succeeded by brother". The Sydney Morning Herald. National Library of Australia. 22 December 1939. p. 8. Retrieved 27 March 2015.
  109. ↑ "BITTER MAYORAL ELECTION". The Sydney Morning Herald. New South Wales, Australia. 24 December 1940. p. 5. Retrieved 8 January 2021 – via National Library of Australia.
  110. ↑ "Death of Ex-Mayor of Redfern". The Sydney Morning Herald. National Library of Australia. 18 September 1954. p. 5. Retrieved 27 March 2015.
  111. ↑ "John Stephen O'Brien". Sydney's Aldermen. City of Sydney. Retrieved 27 March 2015.
  112. ↑ "MAYORS AND SHIRE PRESIDENTS". The Sydney Morning Herald. New South Wales, Australia. 26 December 1941. p. 10. Retrieved 8 January 2021 – via National Library of Australia.
  113. ↑ "Advertising". Truth. No. 2816. New South Wales, Australia. 26 December 1943. p. 19. Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
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  115. ↑ "Another Elvy wore mayoral chains". The Sun. No. 2175. New South Wales, Australia. 17 December 1944. p. 4 (SUPPLEMENT TO THE FACT). Retrieved 8 July 2016 – via National Library of Australia.
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  128. ↑ "Borough of Redfern". New South Wales Government Gazette. No. 254. New South Wales, Australia. 19 June 1885. p. 3836. Retrieved 11 October 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
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  131. ↑ "50 years as clerk of town". The Labor Daily. No. 3429. New South Wales, Australia. 30 November 1934. p. 12. Retrieved 11 October 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
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