Map of Mexico with Guanajuato highlighted
Map of Mexico with Guanajuato highlighted

Guanajuato is a state in North Central Mexico that is divided into 46 municipalities.[1] According to the 2020 Mexican census, Guanajuato is the sixth most populous state with 6,166,934 inhabitants and the 22nd largest by land area spanning 30,691.61 square kilometres (11,850.10 sq mi).[1][2]

Municipalities in Guanajuato are administratively autonomous of the state according to the 115th article of the 1917 Constitution of Mexico.[3] Every three years, citizens elect a municipal president (Spanish: presidente municipal) by a plurality voting system who heads a concurrently elected municipal council (ayuntamiento) responsible for providing all the public services for their constituents. The municipal council consists of a variable number of trustees and councillors (regidores y síndicos).[4] Municipalities are responsible for public services (such as water and sewerage), street lighting, public safety, traffic, and the maintenance of public parks, gardens and cemeteries.[5] They may also assist the state and federal governments in education, emergency fire and medical services, environmental protection and maintenance of monuments and historical landmarks. Since 1984, they have had the power to collect property taxes and user fees, although more funds are obtained from the state and federal governments than from their own income.[5]

The largest municipality by population in Guanajuato and third largest in Mexico is León, with 1,721,215 residents or approximately 27.9% of the state population.[1] The smallest municipality by population is Atarjea with 5,296 residents.[1] The largest municipality by land area is San Felipe which spans 3,014.92 km2 (1,164.07 sq mi), and the smallest is Pueblo Nuevo which spans 60.05 km2 (23.18 sq mi).[2] The first state constitution, Constitución Política del Estado Libre de Guanajuato, resulted in the formation of the first 17 municipalities in Guanajuato on April 15, 1826.[6][7] The newest municipality is Doctor Mora, incorporated on September 22, 1935.[7]

Municipalities

†  State capital

Name Municipal seat Population
(2020)[1]		 Population
(2010)[8]		 Change Land area[2] Population density
(2020)		 Incorporation date[7]
km2 sq mi
Abasolo Abasolo 92,040 84,332 +9.1% 617.05 238.24 149.2/km2 (386.3/sq mi) January 14, 1870
Acámbaro Acámbaro 108,697 109,030 −0.3% 880.31 339.89 123.5/km2 (319.8/sq mi) April 14, 1826
Apaseo el Alto Apaseo el Alto 63,392 64,433 −1.6% 374.95 144.77 169.1/km2 (437.9/sq mi) May 16, 1885
Apaseo el Grande[lower-alpha 1] Apaseo el Grande 117,883 85,319 +38.2% 421.60 162.78 279.6/km2 (724.2/sq mi) April 14, 1826
Atarjea Atarjea 5,296 5,610 −5.6% 314.93 121.59 16.8/km2 (43.6/sq mi) May 16, 1885
Celaya Celaya 521,169 468,469 +11.2% 554.62 214.14 939.7/km2 (2,433.8/sq mi) April 14, 1826
Comonfort[lower-alpha 2] Comonfort 82,216 77,794 +5.7% 490.03 189.20 167.8/km2 (434.5/sq mi) May 16, 1885
Coroneo Coroneo 11,083 11,691 −5.2% 124.16 47.94 89.3/km2 (231.2/sq mi) May 16, 1885
Cortazar Cortazar 97,928 88,397 +10.8% 336.16 129.79 291.3/km2 (754.5/sq mi) May 16, 1885
Cuerámaro[lower-alpha 3] Cuerámaro 30,857 27,308 +13.0% 261.05 100.79 118.2/km2 (306.1/sq mi) May 16, 1885
Doctor Mora[lower-alpha 4] Doctor Mora 27,390 23,324 +17.4% 231.44 89.36 118.3/km2 (306.5/sq mi) September 22, 1935
Dolores Hidalgo[lower-alpha 5] Dolores Hidalgo 163,038 148,173 +10.0% 1,660.25 641.03 98.2/km2 (254.3/sq mi) April 14, 1826
Guanajuato† Guanajuato 194,500 171,709 +13.3% 1,016.92 392.64 191.3/km2 (495.4/sq mi) April 14, 1826
Huanímaro Huanímaro 21,128 20,117 +5.0% 127.89 49.38 165.2/km2 (427.9/sq mi) December 20, 1891
Irapuato Irapuato 592,953 529,440 +12.0% 853.44 329.52 694.8/km2 (1,799.5/sq mi) April 14, 1826
Jaral del Progreso Jaral del Progreso 38,782 36,584 +6.0% 175.89 67.91 220.5/km2 (571.1/sq mi) July 1, 1913
Jerécuaro Jerécuaro 49,517 50,832 −2.6% 885.61 341.94 55.9/km2 (144.8/sq mi) July 18, 1827
León León 1,721,215 1,436,480 +19.8% 1,224.91 472.94 1,405.2/km2 (3,639.4/sq mi) April 14, 1826
Manuel Doblado[lower-alpha 6] Ciudad Manuel Doblado 41,240 37,145 +11.0% 822.14 317.43 50.2/km2 (129.9/sq mi) April 14, 1826
Moroleón Moroleón 47,261 49,364 −4.3% 160.21 61.86 295.0/km2 (764.0/sq mi) July 13, 1877
Ocampo Ocampo 26,383 22,683 +16.3% 1,029.01 397.30 25.6/km2 (66.4/sq mi) May 16, 1885
Pénjamo Pénjamo 154,960 149,936 +3.4% 1,565.52 604.45 99.0/km2 (256.4/sq mi) April 14, 1826
Pueblo Nuevo Pueblo Nuevo 12,403 11,169 +11.0% 60.05 23.18 206.6/km2 (535.0/sq mi) May 16, 1885
Purísima del Rincón Purísima de Bustos 83,842 68,795 +21.9% 291.49 112.54 287.6/km2 (745.0/sq mi) March 22, 1867
Romita Romita 65,766 56,655 +16.1% 441.94 170.63 148.8/km2 (385.4/sq mi) May 16, 1885
Salamanca Salamanca 273,417 260,732 +4.9% 757.73 292.56 360.8/km2 (934.6/sq mi) April 14, 1826
Salvatierra Salvatierra 94,126 97,054 −3.0% 594.58 229.57 158.3/km2 (410.0/sq mi) April 14, 1826
San Diego de la Unión San Diego de la Unión 41,054 37,103 +10.6% 1,015.81 392.21 40.4/km2 (104.7/sq mi) May 16, 1885
San Felipe San Felipe 119,793 106,952 +12.0% 3,014.92 1,164.07 39.7/km2 (102.9/sq mi) April 14, 1826
San Francisco del Rincón San Francisco del Rincón 130,871 113,570 +15.2% 426.56 164.69 306.8/km2 (794.6/sq mi) March 22, 1867
San José Iturbide San José Iturbide 89,558 72,411 +23.7% 549.67 212.23 162.9/km2 (422.0/sq mi) December 3, 1849
San Luis de la Paz San Luis de la Paz 128,536 115,656 +11.1% 2,036.79 786.41 63.1/km2 (163.4/sq mi) April 14, 1826
San Miguel de Allende San Miguel de Allende 174,615 160,383 +8.9% 1,558.14 601.60 112.1/km2 (290.3/sq mi) April 14, 1826
Santa Catarina Santa Catarina 5,723 5,120 +11.8% 195.30 75.40 29.3/km2 (75.9/sq mi) May 16, 1885
Santa Cruz de Juventino Rosas Santa Cruz de Juventino Rosas 82,340 79,214 +3.9% 430.29 166.14 191.4/km2 (495.6/sq mi) May 16, 1885
Santiago Maravatío Santiago Maravatío 6,714 6,670 +0.7% 83.86 32.38 80.1/km2 (207.4/sq mi) May 16, 1885
Silao de la Victoria Silao de la Victoria 203,556 173,024 +17.6% 540.01 208.50 376.9/km2 (976.3/sq mi) April 14, 1826
Tarandacuao [lower-alpha 7] Tarandacuao 11,304 11,641 −2.9% 121.14 46.77 93.3/km2 (241.7/sq mi) May 16, 1885
Tarimoro Tarimoro 35,905 35,571 +0.9% 335.18 129.42 107.1/km2 (277.4/sq mi) May 16, 1885
Tierra Blanca Tierra Blanca 20,007 18,175 +10.1% 410.48 158.49 48.7/km2 (126.2/sq mi) May 16, 1885
Uriangato Uriangato 61,494 59,305 +3.7% 116.68 45.05 527.1/km2 (1,365.1/sq mi) May 16, 1885
Valle de Santiago Valle de Santiago 150,054 141,058 +6.4% 821.98 317.37 182.6/km2 (472.8/sq mi) April 14, 1826
Victoria Victoria 21,253 19,820 +7.2% 1,050.19 405.48 20.2/km2 (52.4/sq mi) December 3, 1849
Villagrán Villagrán 65,791 55,782 +17.9% 128.85 49.75 510.6/km2 (1,322.5/sq mi) July 20, 1930
Xichú Xichú 11,143 11,560 −3.6% 913.65 352.76 12.2/km2 (31.6/sq mi) May 16, 1885
Yuriria (Yuririapúndaro) Yuriria 68,741 70,782 −2.9% 668.25 258.01 102.9/km2 (266.4/sq mi) April 14, 1826
Guanajuato — 6,166,934 5,486,372 +12.4% 30,691.61 11,850.10 200.9/km2 (520.4/sq mi) —
Mexico — 126,014,024 112,336,538 +12.2% 1,972,550 761,606 63.9/km2 (165.5/sq mi) —

Notes

  1. ↑ The municipality's name was changed from Apaseo on February 22, 1957 to avoid confusion with the neighboring municipality of Apaseo el Alto.[9]
  2. ↑ The municipality's name was changed from Chamacuero on December 20, 1891.[10]
  3. ↑ The municipality's name was changed from Cuerámaro de Degollado on July 7, 1968.[11]
  4. ↑ The municipality's name was changed from Charcas on July 7, 1968.[12]
  5. ↑ The municipality's full name is Dolores Hidalgo, Cuna de la Independencia Nacional.[13]
  6. ↑ The municipality's name was changed from San Pedro Piedra Gorda December 16, 1899.[14]
  7. ↑ The municipality's name was changed from Tarandacuao de la Constancia July 28, 1989.[15]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 "Censo de Población y Vivienda 2020 - SCITEL" (in Spanish). INEGI. Retrieved 2021-01-27.
  2. 1 2 3 "Unidad de Microrregiones Cédulas de Información Municipal (SCIM)" (in Spanish). Secretaría de Desarrollo Social. Archived from the original on December 31, 2017. Retrieved November 18, 2017.
  3. ↑ "Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos". Article 115, Act of 1917 (in Spanish). Retrieved September 27, 2017.
  4. ↑ OECD (November 12, 2004). New Forms of Governance for Economic Development. OECD Publishing. p. 121. ISBN 9264015329.
  5. 1 2 International Business Publications (2009). Mexico Company Laws and Regulations Handbook. p. 42. ISBN 978-1-4330-7030-3. {{cite book}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  6. ↑ Gobierno de México (1824). "Constitución Federal de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos" (PDF). UNAM.mx. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 3, 2016. Retrieved March 13, 2019.
  7. 1 2 3 Estado de Guanajuato. División Territorial de 1810 a 1995 (PDF) (in Spanish). Mexico: INEGI. 1996. pp. 75–82. ISBN 970-13-1491-3. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 4, 2018.
  8. ↑ "Localidades y su población por municipio según tamaño de localidad" (PDF) (in Spanish). INEGI. Retrieved March 23, 2019.
  9. ↑ Estado de Guanajuato. División Territorial de 1810 a 1995 (PDF) (in Spanish). Mexico: INEGI. 1996. p. 7782. ISBN 978-970-13-1491-3.
  10. ↑ Estado de Guanajuato. División Territorial de 1810 a 1995 (PDF) (in Spanish). Mexico: INEGI. 1996. p. 93. ISBN 978-970-13-1491-3.
  11. ↑ Estado de Guanajuato. División Territorial de 1810 a 1995 (PDF) (in Spanish). Mexico: INEGI. 1996. p. 95. ISBN 978-970-13-1491-3.
  12. ↑ Estado de Guanajuato. División Territorial de 1810 a 1995 (PDF) (in Spanish). Mexico: INEGI. 1996. p. 96. ISBN 978-970-13-1491-3.
  13. ↑ Estado de Guanajuato. División Territorial de 1810 a 1995 (PDF) (in Spanish). Mexico: INEGI. 1996. p. 96. ISBN 978-970-13-1491-3.
  14. ↑ Estado de Guanajuato. División Territorial de 1810 a 1995 (PDF) (in Spanish). Mexico: INEGI. 1996. p. 92. ISBN 978-970-13-1491-3.
  15. ↑ Estado de Guanajuato. División Territorial de 1810 a 1995 (PDF) (in Spanish). Mexico: INEGI. 1996. p. 121. ISBN 978-970-13-1491-3.

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