Tsardom of Russia and Russian Empire

The House of Moscow Civil Governor (on the left, address: Tverskaya Street, house 20, building 1) was built in 1770s.[1]
Moscow Governor General House (now Residence of the Mayor of Moscow, aka "Tverskaya Street, 13" and Mossovet building) was built in 1778–1782.

Governorates of the Russian Empire was created by the edict (ukase) of Peter the Great on 18 December 1708 "On the establishment of the gubernias and cities assigned to them", which divided Russia into eight guberniyas. Peter appointed Governors-General only in the St. Petersburg and Azov governorates. The heads of the other six governorates were named by Peter as governors. Initially, the titles Governor-General (генерал-губернатор - general-gubernator) and Governor (губенатор - gubernator) were no different. The title was only an honorific title.

Tikhon Streshnev was the first governor of Moscow in 1709–1711. In 1712–1714, the capital of the Tsardom of Russia was moved to St. Petersburg.

The higher chief (главный начальник - glavny nachal'nik) was the head of the Moscow governorate since 1727. It was appointed by the Emperor. From time to time, the Emperor sometimes voluntarily called this position as "Governor-General" or "commander-in-chief".

In 1780s, older Moscow governorate was disestablished. The territory of former Moscow province becomes the new subdivision with the name "Moscow governorate". On 5 October 1781, Catherine II signed ukaz "On the Establishing of Moscow governorate". The title of the head was defined in this ukaz.

On 30 October 1816, the title "chief" (начальник - nachal'nik) was renamed "military governor-general" (военнный генерал-губернатор - voyenny general-gubernator). Vladimir Dolgorukov was appointed governor-general of the Moscow Military District for the first time without the word "military" in 1865.

During the existence of both the Moscow Governorate and the Moscow Governorate-General (with Moscow Governorate-General consisted only of the Moscow Governorate) as two administrative units in the same time, there were simultaneously two posts of heads of Moscow in the same time. The responsibilities between the Military Governor and the Civil Governor were divided in a very complex way.

In 1905, the Moscow gradonachalnik and Moscow Civil governor were subordinated to the Moscow Governor-General. Therefore there were three offices of heads of Moscow in the same time.

List

Gorodskoy golova

Gorodskoy golova (городской голова, literally "City's head"), the head of the Moscow Executive body, was appointed by Moscow City Duma. This office is roughly equals the post of speaker of regional or municipal parliament with executive powers.

The post was established by Empress Catherine II in 1767. Gorodskoy golova was elected for a term of three years, and was confirmed in office by the Governor. In accordance with the city regulations of 1862 and 1870, Gorodskoy golova was elected for 4 years and approved by the Emperor. Gorodskoy golova was subordinate to the Governor-General. He presided over meetings of the Moscow city Duma.

Image Name In office
Demid Demidovich Meshchaninov 6 October 1782 — 15 January 1786
Semyon Dmitrievich Sitnikov 15 January 1786 — 1789
Yegor Emelyanovich Emelyanov (acting) 1789
Mikhail Pavlovich Gubin 1789 — 1792
Afanasy Ivanovich Dolgov 1792 — 1795
Vasily Yakovlevich Zhigarev 1795 — 1798
Vladimir Yegorovich Emelyanov January 1798 — 4 April 1799
Mikhail Pavlovich Gubin March 1802 — December 1803
Dmitry Fedorovich Faleev December 1803 — December 1806
Gregory Abramovich Kiryakov before 30 July 1807 — after May 1810
Ivan Stepanovich Nasonov January 1810 — 21 July 1811
Aleksey Alekseyevich Kumanin 21 July 1811 — March 1813
Peter Ivanovich Nakhodkin September — the beginning of October 1812
Shelaputin P. D. (acting) October 1812 — after 21 January 1813
Fyodor Ivanovich Kozhevnikov March 1813 — 12 September 1814
Mikhail Ivanovich Titov 1814 — 1819
Andrey Yakovlevich Saveliev 23 January 1819 — 13 December 1821
Alexey Gavrilovich Popov 13 December 1821 — 20 December 1824
Konstantin Alekseevich Kumanin 20 December 1824—1828
Alexey Alekseevich Mazurin 1 January 1828 — 31 December 1831
Ivan Matveevich Yartsov 17 January 1831—1834
Ivan Alekseevich Kolesov 7 February 1834—1837
Valentin Alexeyevich Kumanin 1 January 1837—1840
Alexander Vasilyevich Alekseyev January 1840 — 2 October 1841
Kondratiy Karpovich Shaposhnikov October 1841—1843
Andrey Petrovich Shestov 1843 — 1845
Semyon Loginovich Lepeshkin 1846 — 1849
Klavdiy Afanasievich Kiryakov 1 January 1849 — 10 August 1849
Ilya Afanasievich Shchekin 1849 — 31 December 1851
Pyotr Ivanovich Kumanin 26 November 1851 — 10 December 1851
Kirill Afanasievich Kukin January 1852 — 1855
Efim Fedorovich Guchkov November 1858 — 29 September 1859
Sergey Dmitrievich Shiryaev 27 October 1859 — 1861
Mikhail Leontievich Korolev 1 January 1861 — 10 April 1863
Alexander Alekseevich Shcherbatov 10 April 1863 — 18 February 1869
Vladimir Cherkassky 4 April 1869 — 13 March 1871
Ivan Artemyevich Lyamin 13 March 1871 — 19 March 1873
Sergey Alexandrovich Ladyzhensky (acting) 19 March 1873 — 16 October 1873
Daniil Danilovich Schumacher 16 October 1873 — 16 April 1876
Sergey Alexandrovich Ladyzhensky (acting) 16 April 1876 — 7 January 1877
Sergei Tretyakov (arts patron) 7 January 1877 — 5 December 1881
Boris Chicherin 22 December 1881 — 11 August 1883
Mikhail Fedorovich Ushakov (acting) 11 August 1883 — 9 April 1885
Stepan Alekseevich Tarasov 28 March 1885 — 19 September 1885
Mikhail Fedorovich Ushakov (acting) 23 October 1885 — 9 November 1885
Nikolay Alekseyev 9 November 1885 — 11 March 1893
Mikhail Fedorovich Ushakov (acting) 11 March 1893 — 13 April 1893
Konstantin Vasilievich Rukavishnikov 13 April 1893 — 19 April 1897
Vladimir Mikhailovich Golitsyn 19 April 1897 — 25 October 1905
Nikolay Ivanovich Guchkov 17 November 1905 — 18 December 1912
Viktor Diodorovich Bryansky 19 December 1912 — November 1914
Mikhail Vasilyevich Chelnokov 29 September 1914 — 28 March 1917
Nikolay Ivanovich Astrov March – June 1917
Vadim Viktorovich Rudnev 11 July 1917 – 2 November 1917 [2]

Gradonachalnik

On 1 January 1905 Nicholas II established Moscow City Authority (московское градоначальство - moskovskoye gradonachal'stvo), largely independent of the Moscow Governorate. Moscow City Authority was headed by gradonachalnik (градоначальник, literally "city's chief").

  • Ivan Nikolayevich Rudnev (acting, 1 January 1905 – 16 January 1905)
  • Evgeny Nikolayevich Volkov (16 January 1905 – 18 April 1905)
  • Pavel Pavlovich Shuvalov (18 April 1905 – 28 June 1905)
  • Ivan Nikolayevich Rudnev (acting, 28 June 1905 – 16 July 1905)
  • Georgy Petrovich von Medem (16 July 1905 – 30 December 1905)
  • Anatoly Anatolyevich Reynbot (7 January 1906 – 11 December 1907)
  • Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Adrianov (7 February 1908 – 30 May 1915)
  • Vadim Nikolayevich Shebeko (17 February 1916 – 1 March 1917)

Russian SFSR

Both state and communist officeholders were called heads of Moscow.

Communist heads of Moscow

Until March 1990, the first secretaries of the Moscow City Committee of the CPSU were the de facto real influential leaders of Moscow

State (nominal) heads of Moscow

Moscow City Soviet of People's Deputies (Mossovet) building, aka Moscow Governor General House, "Tverskaya Street, 13" was built in 1778—1782. Now Residence of the Mayor of Moscow.

Chairmen of the Presidium of the Executive Committee of Moscow Council of Workers' Deputies:

Chairmen of the Presidium of the Moscow Council of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies:

Chairmen of the Presidium of the Moscow Council of Workers' and Red Armymen's Deputies:

Chairmen of the Presidium of the Moscow Council of Workers', Peasants' and Red Armymen's Deputies:

Chairmen of the Executive Committee of the Moscow Council of Workers', Peasants' and Red Armymen's Deputies:

Chairmen of the Executive Committee of the Moscow Regional Council of Workers', Peasants' and Red Armymen's Deputies:

Chairmen of the Executive Committee of the Moscow City Council of Workers', Peasants' and Red Armymen's Deputies:

Chairmen of the Executive Committee of the Moscow City Council of Labourers' Deputies:

Chairmen of the Executive Committee of the Moscow City Council of People's Deputies:

Moscow after 1991

House of the Government of Moscow since 1990s (New Arbat Avenue, 36/9). Former Comecon building.

Mayor of Moscow is the holder of the highest office of subject of the Russian Federation. The separate office of the Premier of the Government of Moscow existed from 1991 to 2001.

Mayors:

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Знаменитые исторические Здания — Узнай Москву".
  2. ↑ "Город / Информация / Сайт Москвы".
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.