Metropolitan Police Service
Logo
Logo
Badge
Badge
Flag used during the reign of Elizabeth II
Flag used during the reign of Elizabeth II
Common nameThe Met[1]
AbbreviationMPS[2]
Agency overview
Formed29 September 1829 (1829-09-29)[3]
Preceding agencies
Employees43,571 in total[6]
32,493 police officers[6]
9,816 police staff[6]
1,262 PCSOs[6]
Volunteers1,858 special constables
1,500 police support volunteers
3,658 volunteer police cadets
Annual budget£4.43 billion[7]
Legal personalityPolice force
Jurisdictional structure
Operations jurisdictionGreater London
Map of police area
Size1,578 km2 (609 sq mi)
Population8.95 million (2019/20)[8]
Legal jurisdictionEngland and Wales
(throughout the whole of the United Kingdom, including Scotland and Northern Ireland, under certain limited circumstances)
Primary governing bodyMayor's Office for Policing and Crime
Secondary governing bodyHome Office
Constituting instruments
General nature
Operational structure
Overviewed by
HeadquartersNew Scotland Yard, Westminster, London, England
Police officers32,493 full time
1,858 special constables
PCSOs1,262
Deputy Mayor for Policing and Crime responsible
Agency executives
Website
www.met.police.uk

The Metropolitan Police Service (MPS), formerly and still commonly referred to as the Metropolitan Police, is the territorial police force responsible for law enforcement and the prevention of crime within the ceremonial county of Greater London. In addition, it is responsible for some specialised matters throughout the United Kingdom, including national counter-terrorism measures and the protection of specific people, such as the monarch and other members of the royal family, members of the government,[10] and other officials.

The main geographical area of responsibilities, the Metropolitan Police District, consists of the 32 London boroughs,[11] but does not include the City of London proper—the central financial district—which is policed by a separate force, the City of London Police. As the force responsible for the capital of the United Kingdom, the Met has significant unique responsibilities and challenges, such as protecting 164 foreign embassies and High Commissions,[12] policing London City and Heathrow airports, protecting the Palace of Westminster, and dealing with significantly more protests and events than any other British force, with 3,500 such events in 2016.[12]

The force, by officer numbers, is the largest in the United Kingdom by a significant margin, and one of the biggest in the world.[13] Leaving its national responsibilities aside, the Met has the eighth-smallest police area (primary geographic area of responsibility) of the territorial police forces in the United Kingdom.

The force is led by the commissioner, whose formal title is the Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis. The commissioner is answerable to the Home Office and the Mayor of London, through the Mayor's Office for Policing and Crime. The post of commissioner was first held jointly by Sir Charles Rowan and Sir Richard Mayne. Sir Mark Rowley is the current commissioner; he succeeded Acting Commissioner Sir Stephen House in July 2022.[14]

A number of informal names are used for the service, most commonly the Met. It is also referred to as Scotland Yard or the Yard, after the location of its original headquarters in a road called Great Scotland Yard in Whitehall.[15] The Met's current headquarters is New Scotland Yard, on the Victoria Embankment.[16]

History

The Metropolitan Police Service was founded in 1829 by Home Secretary Sir Robert Peel under the Metropolitan Police Act 1829 and on 29 September of that year, the first constables of the service appeared on the streets of London.[17] Ten years later, Metropolitan Police Act 1839 consolidated policing within London by expanding the Metropolitan Police District and either abolishing or amalgamating the various other law enforcement entities within London into the Metropolitan Police such as the Thames River Police and the Bow Street Runners.[18][19]

Governance

Since January 2012, the Mayor of London is responsible for the governance of the Metropolitan Police through the Mayor's Office for Policing and Crime (MOPAC).[20] The mayor is able to appoint someone to act on his behalf. As of April 2019, the office-holder is the deputy mayor for policing and crime, Sophie Linden.[21] The work of MOPAC is scrutinised by the Police and Crime Committee (also known as a police and crime panel) of the London Assembly. These structures were created by the Police Reform and Social Responsibility Act 2011 and replaced the Metropolitan Police Authority-appointed board created in 2000 by Greater London Authority Act 1999.

Before 2000, the Metropolitan Police was under the authority of the Home Secretary, the only British territorial police force to be administered by central government. The Metropolitan Police Office (MPO), although based at Scotland Yard, was a department of the Home Office created in 1829 and was responsible for the force's day-to-day administration. Under the authority of the receiver, a civilian official who was equivalent in rank to the deputy commissioner and served as the force's chief financial officer, it was headed by a civilian secretary, who was equivalent in rank to the assistant commissioners.[22]

Police area and other forces

The area policed by the Metropolitan Police Service is known as the Metropolitan Police District (MPD). The Met was divided into 32 Borough Operational Command Units that directly aligned with the 32 London boroughs covered. This situation has changed since 2017, as the Met has attempted to save money due to cuts in funding. The MPD is now divided into 12 Basic Command Units (BCUs) made up of two, three or four boroughs. There is criticism of these changes.[23] The City of London (which is not a London borough) is a separate police area and is the responsibility of the separate City of London Police.

New Scotland Yard is the headquarters of the Metropolitan Police.

The Ministry of Defence Police is responsible for policing of Ministry of Defence property throughout the United Kingdom, including its headquarters in Whitehall and other MoD establishments across the MPD.[24]

The British Transport Police (BTP) are responsible for policing of the rail network in Great Britain, including London. Within London, they are also responsible for the policing of the London Underground, London Trams, the London Cable Car and the Docklands Light Railway.[25]

The English part of the Royal Parks Constabulary, which patrolled a number of Greater London's major parks, was merged with the Metropolitan Police in 2004, and those parks are now policed by the Royal Parks Operational Command Unit.[26] There is also a small park police force, the Kew Constabulary, responsible for the Royal Botanic Gardens, whose officers have full police powers within the park. A few local authorities maintain their own borough park constabularies, including Wandsworth Parks and Events Police, Kensington and Chelsea Parks Police, Havering Parks Constabulary and the Hampstead Heath Constabulary. All of these enjoy powers of arrest without warrant as constables,[27] however the officers of the latter have full police powers, much like officers of the Metropolitan Police on the Heath. The other parks police primarily focus on by-law enforcement.

Metropolitan Police officers have legal jurisdiction throughout all of England and Wales, including areas that have their own special police forces, such as the Ministry of Defence, as do all police officers of territorial police forces.[28] Officers also have limited powers in Scotland and Northern Ireland.[29] Within the MPD, the Met will take over the investigation of any serious crime from the Ministry of Defence Police and to a lesser degree BTP, if it is deemed appropriate. Terrorist incidents and complex murder enquiries will almost always be investigated by the Met,[30][31] with the assistance of any relevant specialist force, even if they are committed on Ministry of Defence or railway property. A minor incursion into the normal jurisdiction of territorial police officers in England and Wales is that Met officers involved in the protection duties of the Royal Family and other VIPs have full police powers in Scotland and Northern Ireland in connection with those duties.[32]

Organisation and structure

The Metropolitan Police Service is organised into the following directorates:[33]

Each is overseen by an assistant commissioner or, in the case of administrative departments, a director of police staff, which is the equivalent civilian staff grade. The management board is made up of the commissioner, deputy commissioner, assistant commissioners and directors.

Ranks

Met Police officers on the streets of Soho. Since 1863, the custodian helmet (middle) has been worn by male police constables and sergeants while on foot patrol.

The Metropolitan Police Service uses the standard British police ranks, indicated by epaulettes, up to chief superintendent, but uniquely has five ranks above that level instead of the standard three; namely commander, deputy assistant commissioner, assistant commissioner, deputy commissioner and commissioner.[34] All senior officers of the rank of Commander and above are chief police officers of NPCC (previously ACPO) rank.

The Met approved the use of name badges in October 2003, with new recruits wearing the Velcro badges from September 2004. The badge consists of the wearer's rank, followed by their surname.[35] All officers are assigned a unique identification number which includes a two-letter BCU (Basic Command Unit) code.

Following controversy over assaults by uniformed officers with concealed shoulder identification numbers during the G20 summit,[36] Commissioner Sir Paul Stephenson said, "the public has a right to be able to identify any uniformed officer whilst performing their duty" by their shoulder identification numbers.[37]

Insignia

The Met uniformed officer rank structure, with epaulette design, is as follows (from highest to lowest):

The Met also has several active Volunteer Police Cadet units, which maintain their own internal rank structure.[38] The Metropolitan Special Constabulary is a contingent of part-time volunteer police officers and is attached to most Borough Operational Command Units. The Metropolitan Special Constabulary Ranks are as follows (from lowest to highest):

Metropolitan Police Special Constabulary Ranks
Rank Special constable Special sergeant Special inspector Special chief inspector Assistant chief officer Chief officer
Epaulette Insignia
Notes:

The prefix "woman" in front of female officers' ranks has been obsolete since 1999. Members of the Criminal Investigation Department (CID) up to and including the rank of chief superintendent prefix their ranks with "detective". Detective ranks are equivalent in rank to their uniform counterparts. Other departments, such as Special Branch and Child Protection, award non-detectives "branch detective" status, allowing them to use the "Detective" prefix. None of these detective ranks confer on the holder any extra pay or supervisory authority compared to their uniformed colleagues.

Workforce

The following is the current released workforce data for the ranks. The chief officers rank covers all senior ranks as well as special constables covering all special constable ranks.

Metropolitan Police Workforce
Rank Police staff Police support volunteer Designated Officer PCSO Special constable Constable Sergeant Inspector Chief inspector Superintendent Chief superintendent Chief officer
Female personnel 5285 468 340 478 530 7465 956 270 68 44 12 8
Male personnel 3626 257 390 829 1330 17329 3526 935 232 147 45 26
Total personnel 8911 725 730 1307 1860 24794 4482 1205 300 191 57 34
Reference 2019 Police workforce open data tables[40]

Arms

Coat of arms of Metropolitan Police
Crest
On a wreath Argent and Azure, three arrows, one in pale and two in saltire, barbs downward, Proper, banded Azure and ensigned by the Royal Crown proper.
Escutcheon
Azure, a portcullis chained within a double tressure flory counterflory Argent.
Supporters
On either side a lion rampant guardant Argent, gorged with a collar Azure charged alternately with bezants and bees volant, grasping in the interior paw a column Or.
 Badge

A roundel azure, thereon the Royal Cypher of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth the Second argent within a circlet azure fimbriated and inscribed with words 'Metropolitan Police' in letters argent, the whole upon a star of eight major and fifty-six lesser points argent, ensigned by the Royal Crown proper.

Police officers

Metropolitan Police officers, 1979
Met officers, alongside British Transport Police on 'mutual aid', at a G20 protest in 2009.
Armed DPG police officers. Downing Street gates, 2014

The Metropolitan Police Service includes full-time, paid officers known as 'regulars', and part-time, voluntary officers from the Metropolitan Special Constabulary. Both regulars and specials enjoy full police powers, wear the same uniform, and carry the same kit.

Historic numbers

  • 1852: 5,625[41]
  • 1866: 6,839[42]
  • 1877: 10,336^[43]
  • 1887: 14,191[44]
  • 1912: 20,529[45]
  • 1929: 19,290[46]
  • 1938: 18,511
  • 1944: 17,976*[47]
  • 1952: 16,400[48]
  • 1965: 18,016[49]
  • 1984: 27,000 (approximate)[50]
  • 2001: 25,000 (approximate)[51]
  • 2003: 28,000 (approximate)[52]
  • 2004: 31,000 (approximate)[52]
  • 2009: 32,543 (excluding 2,622 special constables)[53]
  • 2010: 33,260 (excluding 3,125 special constables)[54]
  • 2011: 32,380 (excluding 4,459 special constables)[55]
  • 2013: 30,398 (excluding 5,303 special constables)[56]
  • 2014: 30,932 (excluding 4,587 special constables)[57]
  • 2015: 31,877[58]
  • 2016: 32,125[58]
  • 2017: 30,817[59]
  • 2019: 30,980 (excluding 1,749 special constables)
  • 2020: 32,766 (excluding 1,874 special constables)[60]

*include temporary constables from war period

^includes 753 officers policing Woolwich Arsenal and Her Majesty's Dockyards in Chatham, Portsmouth, Pembroke, Devonport and Rosyth.

Present numbers

  • Police officers (regular – of all ranks): 34,363[61]
  • Specially Trained Officers (STO): 7,615[62]
  • Met Police Officers, 1976
    Police officers (special – of all ranks): 1,445[61]

Staff and PCSOs

The Met's Police Staff are non-warranted civilians, including police community support officers (PCSOs), designated detention officers (DDOs), and many other civilian roles.[63] The Met was the first constabulary to introduce PCSOs. Unlike other police staff, police officers in the Met (as elsewhere in the UK) are not employees, but rather Crown servants, and holders of the Office of Constable. Their numbers are currently:

  • Police Community Support Officers (PCSO): 1,254[61]
  • Police staff (designated detention officers): 614[59]
  • Police staff (other): 9,814[60]

Resources

Fleet

Various Metropolitan Police vehicles attending a protest in 2021
A restored Rover SD1 traffic car in the Metropolitan Police's 'jam sandwich' livery first introduced in 1978

As of 2023, the Met operates and maintains a fleet of around 5,200 vehicles.[64] In 2018, the fleet covered 46,777,720 miles (75,281,440 km).[65] The fleet comprises numerous vehicles, including:[66]

  • Incident response vehicles (IRV): attached to the various Basic Command Units (BCU) of the Metropolitan Police area, used for frontline policing duties such as patrol and emergency response.
  • Q-cars: covert unmarked vehicles, belonging to a variety of departments.
  • Armed response vehicle (ARV): Transports authorised firearms officers trained to use firearms to deal with incidents involving deadly weapons.
  • Traffic units: respond to traffic accidents on major roads, enforce traffic laws and encourage road safety.
  • Motorcycles: utilised by the Roads and Transport Policing Command and Parliamentary and Diplomatic Protection for more agile patrol and response.
  • Scrambler bikes: used by Operation Venice officers to combat moped gangs.[67]
  • Collision investigation units (CIU): respond to and appropriately investigate all major road traffic collisions.
  • Protected carriers: used for public order duties.
  • Personnel carriers: used to transport numerous officers on patrol and to incidents, as well as non-violent public order situations.
  • Station vans: used to transport both officers and suspects in a cage in the rear of the van.
  • Commercial vehicle units: used to respond to incidents involving commercial vehicles.
  • CBRN units: used to mitigate chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear incidents. These are identified by a large amount of equipment lockers on newer vans and a large array of detecting equipment on the top of older vans.
  • Control units: used for incident command and control purposes.
  • Armoured multi-role vehicles: used for public order duties, airport and counter-terrorism duties, or as required.
  • General purpose vehicles: used for general support and transportation duties of officers or equipment.
  • Training vehicles: used to train police drivers.
  • Miscellaneous vehicles: such as horseboxes and trailers.

The majority of vehicles have a service life of three to five years; the Met replaces or upgrades between 800 and 1,000 vehicles each year. Vehicles are maintained and repaired on contract by Babcock International; from November 2023, the contract for 3,700 of the Met's 5,200 vehicles will be undertaken by Rivus Fleet Solutions for a ten-year period.[64]

By 2012, the Met was marking all new marked vehicles with Battenburg markings, a highly reflective material on the side of the vehicles, chequered blue and yellow green for the police, and in other colours for other services.[68] The old livery was an orange stripe through the vehicle, with the force's logo, known colloquially as the 'jam sandwich', which was first introduced in 1978 with the delivery of high-performance Rover SD1 traffic cars.[69] Originally, marked vehicles were finished in base white paint; this was changed to silver from 2002 to help improve a vehicle's resale value when it was retired from police use.[70]

The National Police Air Service provides helicopter support to the Met.

A marine policing unit operates 22 vessels from its base in Wapping.

Budget

Funding for the Metropolitan Police has been cut due to austerity. Changes in the way the government pays for police pensions will lead to further cuts.[71] Its expenditure for single years, not adjusted for inflation, has been:[72]

Year Amount Notes
1829/30 £194,126
1848 £437,441
1873 £1.1 million
1898 £1.8 million
1923 £7.8 million
1948 £12.6 million
1973 £95 million
1998/9 £2.03 billion
2011/12 £3.69 billion £2.754 billion was spent on staff wages[73][74]
2017/18 £3.26 billion[75]

Specialist units

  • A Jankel Guardian Counter-Terrorist Assault Vehicle, based on the Ford F450 – utilised for airport patrols, counter-terrorism and public order situations
    A marine policing unit on the River Thames
    Protection Command – This command is split into two branches: Royalty and Specialist Protection (RASP) and Parliamentary and Diplomatic Protection (PaDP). RaSP provides personal armed protection for the Royal family, Prime Minister and other ministers, ambassadors and visiting heads of state. PaDP is responsible for providing armed officers to protect the Palace of Westminster, important residences such as Downing Street and the many embassies found located in London. Royal Palaces are the responsibility of RaSP.[76] The Special Escort Group (SEG) are responsible for escorting the Royal Family, Prime Minister and other ministers, ambassadors and visiting heads of state, and occasionally prisoner transport.
  • Aviation Policing Command – Responsible for providing policing (with the majority being armed officers) at Heathrow Airport and London City Airport.[77]
  • Flying Squad – A unit which investigates and intercepts armed robberies. The name comes from the fact its members travelled across divisional and borough boundaries.
  • Trident Gang Crime Command – Investigates and works to prevent gang crime.
  • Roads and Transport Policing Command – Provides policing for the transport network in London, comprising numerous divisions: the Traffic Division, patrols the road, pursuing fleeing suspects and enforcing speed, safety, and drink driving;[78] the Road Crime Team focuses on dangerous drivers, priority roads, uninsured vehicles and 'fatal four' offences;[79] the Safer Transport Team (STT) provide a policing presence on Transport for London's buses and investigates most crimes committed on them.
  • Specialist Firearms Command – (SCO19) Responsible for providing armed response and support across the whole of London with Authorised Firearms Officers (AFO) travelling in ARVs (Armed Response Vehicles) responding to calls involving firearms and weapons. SCO19 has a number of CTSFOs (Counter Terrorist Specialist Firearms Officers), who have additional training.[80]
  • Dog Support Unit – (DSU) Provides highly trained dogs and police handlers. They are trained to detect drugs and firearms, respond to searches, missing people, and fleeing suspects. Bomb-detection dogs are also used for specific duties.[81] As of 2015 the unit had around 250 police dogs.[82]
  • Marine Policing Unit – (MPU) Provides policing on the waterways of London, responding to situations in the River Thames and tracking and stopping illegal vessels entering and exiting London.[83]
  • Mounted Branch – Provides policing on horseback in London. One of their duties is escorting the Royal Guard down The Mall, into and out of Buckingham Palace every morning from April to July, then occasionally through the remainder of the year. They also provide public order support and are commonly called to police football matches in the event of any unrest. All officers are trained in public order tactics on horseback.[84] As of 2010 the Branch had 120 police horses.[85]
  • Police Support Unit (PSU) – Trained to deal with a variety of public order situations outside the remit or capability of regular divisional officers.[86]
  • Territorial Support Group (TSG) – Highly trained officers, specialised in public order and large-scale riots responding around London in marked Public Order Vehicles (POV) with 6 constables and a sergeant in each POV. They aim to secure the capital against terrorism, respond to any disorder in London, and reduce priority crime through borough support. They respond in highly protective uniform during riots or large disorder, protecting themselves from any thrown objects or hazards.[87]
  • Violent Crime Task Force (VCTF) – Formed in April 2018, the VCTF is a pan-London proactive response team to knife and serious violent crime, made up of 300 ring-fenced and dedicated police officers who solely focus on violent crime, weapon-enabled crime and serious criminality.[88]
  • Operation Venice – Formed in 2017 to deal with record-breaking moped crime in London, but also tackles different types of robbery trends; the Scorpion Team consists of highly skilled drivers and riders who were given a green light to instigate tactical contact against moped and motorbikes involved in criminality.[89]
A traditional blue lamp as seen outside most police stations.

Stations

In addition to the headquarters at New Scotland Yard, there are many police stations in London.[90] These range from large borough headquarters staffed around the clock every day to smaller stations, which may be open to the public only during normal business hours, or on certain days of the week. In 2017, there were 73 working front counters open to the public in London.[91] Most police stations can easily be identified from one or more blue lamps located outside the entrance, which were introduced in 1861.

The oldest Metropolitan police station, which opened in Bow Street in 1881, closed in 1992 and the adjoining Bow Street Magistrates' Court heard its last case on 14 July 2006.[92] One of the oldest operational police stations in London is in Wapping, which opened in 1908. It is the headquarters of the marine policing unit (formerly known as Thames Division), which is responsible for policing the River Thames. It also houses a mortuary and the River Police Museum. Paddington Green Police Station, which is no longer operational, received much publicity for its housing of terrorism suspects in an underground complex prior to its closure in 2017.

In 2004, there was a call from the Institute for Public Policy Research for more imaginative planning of police stations to aid in improving relations between police forces and the wider community.[93]

Statistics

Crime figures

Crimes reported within the Metropolitan Police District, selected by quarter centuries.[94]

  • 1829/30: 20,000
  • 1848: 15,000
  • 1873: 20,000
  • 1898: 18,838
  • 1923: 15,383
  • 1948: 126,597
  • 1973: 355,258
  • 1998/9: 934,254
  • 2017/18: 827,225[95]

Detection rates

The following table shows the percentage detection rates for the Metropolitan Police by offence group for 2010/11.[96]

Total Violence against the person Sexual offences Robbery Burglary Offences against vehicles Other theft offences Fraud and forgery Criminal damage Drug offences Other offences
Metropolitan Police 243523171151416139163
England and Wales 2844302113112224149469

The Metropolitan Police Service "screened out" 34,164 crimes the day they were reported in 2017 and did not investigate them further. This compares to 13,019 the previous year. 18,093 crimes were closed in 24 hours during the first 5 months of 2018 making it likely that the 2017 total will be exceeded. Crimes not being investigated include sexual assaults and arson, burglaries, thefts and assaults. Some critics believe this shows the effect of austerity on the force's ability to carry out its responsibilities.[97]

Controversies

The Met was controversial even before its formation in 1829. Since the 1970s, such controversies have often centred on institutional racism and institutional sexism within the organisation, along with the right to protest,[lower-alpha 1] failures in investigations,[lower-alpha 2] and officers belonging to proscribed organisations.[lower-alpha 3]

In 2023, a report on the Metropolitan Police found that the organisation was rife with racism, misogyny, and homophobia, and was corrupt. A 363-page report written by Louise Casey, Baroness Casey of Blackstock was commissioned after the abduction of Sarah Everard by Wayne Couzens, a police constable. The report stated that 12% of female Met employees had been harassed or attacked, with 33% experiencing sexism. Other incidents include a Muslim officer who had bacon stuffed into his boots and a Sikh officer whose beard was cut. The report also found that officers of minority ethnic backgrounds were more likely to be disciplined and leave the force.[101] The report was criticised by the charity Galop for not investigating transphobia.[102] Five former officers admitted in court in 2023 to sending racist messages, the targets of which included the Duchess of Sussex, and a sixth was convicted after a trial. All six were given suspended jail sentences. [103][104]

On 1 January 2024 the Metropolitan Police were condemned by former Prime Minster Boris Johnson for allegedly demonstrating political bias and double standards in their handling of pro-Hamas demonstrations, and their efforts to support an investigation into alleged Israeli war crimes following Israel's response to terror attacks committed by Hamas on October 7th. The Met released a statement in response stating, “As the UK’s investigative authority for war crimes, counter-terrorism policing – through the Met’s war crimes team – has a responsibility to support ICC investigations. The ICC opened an investigation in 2019 into alleged war crimes in Israel and Palestine.” The spokesman added that “under the terms of the 1998 Rome Statute, our war crimes team is obliged to support any investigations opened by the ICC that could involve British subjects” and said the posters were put up to meet that obligation. With higher volumes of British nationals and UK-based individuals currently returning from Israel, Gaza and nearby countries, we anticipate there may be people who have evidence or relevant information to the ICC investigation,” said the spokesman. “We are therefore signposting people to reporting routes where appropriate. The Met’s Counter-Terrorism Command also continues to gather direct information and evidence relating to the terrorist attack in Israel on Oct 7 in support of the UK coronial investigations into British nationals who were killed during those attacks. At this time, there is no UK-based investigation by the war crimes team linked to the current events in the Middle East.”

[105]

See also

Other London emergency services:

Notes

  1. ↑ In August 2023 Graham Smith issued a claim for judicial review against the Metropolitan police commissioner regarding Smith's arrest on the day of the king's coronation, when he was preparing to demonstrate against the monarchy.[98]
  2. ↑ In December 2021, an inquest jury ruled that the deaths in 2014–2015 of serial killer Stephen Port's final three victims was due in part to the Met Police's failings. The inquest found that the Met "failed to carry out basic checks, send evidence to be forensically examined, and exercise professional curiosity while Port was embarking on his killing spree".[99]
  3. ↑ In April 2021 an early-career Metropolitan police officer, Ben Hannam, was found guilty of being a member of a banned neo-Nazi terrorist group.[100]

References

  1. ↑ "Metropolitan Police Service – Homepage". Metropolitan Police. 2 April 2009. Archived from the original on 8 July 2017. Retrieved 6 May 2009.
  2. ↑ "Contacts: MPS". MPA. Archived from the original on 14 January 2012. Retrieved 2 June 2010.
  3. ↑ "Metropolitan Police Service – History of the Metropolitan Police Service". Metropolitan Police. Archived from the original on 26 April 2009. Retrieved 6 May 2009.
  4. ↑ "The Bow street runners – Victorian Policeman by Simon Dell OBE QCB – Devon & Cornwall Constabulary". Devon-cornwall.police.uk. Archived from the original on 13 October 2003. Retrieved 6 May 2009.
  5. ↑ "Policing the Port of London – Crime and punishment". Port Cities. Archived from the original on 5 October 2012. Retrieved 6 May 2009.
  6. 1 2 3 4 "The structure | the Met". www.met.police.uk. Archived from the original on 25 June 2017. Retrieved 23 June 2020.
  7. ↑ "London Police Budget 2023". Archived from the original on 18 September 2023. Retrieved 14 September 2023.
  8. ↑ "Metropolitan Police Service". His Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary and Fire & Rescue Services. Archived from the original on 9 May 2021. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
  9. ↑ "Dame Lynne Owens announced as Met Deputy Commissioner". Metropolitan Police. 20 February 2023. Archived from the original on 29 March 2023. Retrieved 21 February 2023.
  10. ↑ "MPA — Metropolitan Police dedicated to protecting the United Kingdom from terrorism". whitehallpages.net. Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 22 July 2011.
  11. ↑ "The Met's area of jurisdiction | The Met". www.met.police.uk. Archived from the original on 23 October 2020. Retrieved 6 March 2019.
  12. 1 2 "MPS Business Plan 2017–18" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 March 2019. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
  13. ↑ "Metropolitan Police Authority". MPA. Archived from the original on 19 July 2006. Retrieved 20 July 2006.
  14. ↑ "Mark Rowley appointed new commissioner of Met police". TheGuardian.com. 8 July 2022. Archived from the original on 25 March 2023. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
  15. ↑ Douglas Browne (1956) The Rise of Scotland Yard: A History of the Metropolitan Police
  16. ↑ "New Met HQ officially 'Topped Out' by Commissioner and Deputy Mayor". December 2015. Archived from the original on 9 July 2021. Retrieved 17 March 2021.
  17. ↑ "September 29: On This Day in History". OnThisDay.com. Archived from the original on 28 September 2017. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
  18. ↑ Britain, Great (1841). The Statutes of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Eyre and Strahan. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 4 May 2021.
  19. ↑ "Thames Police – History Page". www.thamespolicemuseum.org.uk. Archived from the original on 5 October 2017. Retrieved 14 March 2017.
  20. ↑ "The Mayor at MOPAC". London City Hall. 15 April 2015. Archived from the original on 7 April 2019. Retrieved 7 April 2019.
  21. ↑ "The Deputy Mayor for Policing and Crime". London City Hall. 15 April 2015. Archived from the original on 7 April 2019. Retrieved 7 April 2019.
  22. ↑ Obituary of Sir Richard Jackson, The Times, 18 February 1975
  23. ↑ "Met to merge all policing boroughs". BBC News. 12 February 2018. Archived from the original on 6 October 2018. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
  24. ↑ "Ministry of Defence Police". MOD. Archived from the original on 5 November 2018. Retrieved 28 December 2008.
  25. ↑ About us Archived 27 January 2016 at the Wayback Machine. Btp.police.uk. Retrieved on 6 December 2013.
  26. ↑ "Policing the Royal Parks – keeping you safe in the Royal Parks". Royalparks.org.uk. 1 April 2004. Archived from the original on 19 February 2009. Retrieved 6 May 2009.
  27. ↑ "Parks Police Services – Powers, Statutory Purpose and Use of Stop & Search – a Freedom of Information request to Wandsworth Borough Council" (PDF). 3 June 2020. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 3 December 2020.
  28. ↑ "Police Act 1996". www.legislation.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 13 November 2017. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
  29. ↑ "Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994". www.legislation.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 12 March 2017. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
  30. ↑ "A protocol between police forces and the Ministry of Defence police – Home Office". webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 25 January 2013.
  31. ↑ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 March 2017. Retrieved 10 March 2017.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  32. ↑ "Police Act 1996". www.legislation.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 12 March 2017. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
  33. ↑ "Home – The Met". content.met.police.uk. Archived from the original on 30 September 2018. Retrieved 30 September 2018.
  34. ↑ "Badges of Rank". Metropolitan Police Service. Archived from the original on 18 July 2006. Retrieved 19 July 2006.
  35. ↑ Clerk and Treasurer (20 October 2003). "Report 4 of the 20 Oct 03 meeting of the Co-ordination and Policing Committee: Introduction of name badges". Metropolitan Police Authority. Archived from the original on 20 February 2012. Retrieved 3 June 2014.
  36. ↑ "Met suspends G20 footage officer". BBC News. 15 April 2009. Archived from the original on 8 September 2017. Retrieved 6 May 2009.
  37. ↑ "Police begin G20 tactics review". BBC News. 16 April 2009. Archived from the original on 2 August 2020. Retrieved 6 May 2009.
  38. ↑ "Volunteer Police Cadets". Metropolitan Police Service. Archived from the original on 23 March 2019. Retrieved 19 July 2006.
  39. ↑ Metropolitan Police "Special Constabulary Ranks FOI Request 2019", January 2019
  40. ↑ "Police workforce open data tables". GOV.UK. Home Office. 2016–2021.
  41. ↑ Commons, Great Britain Parliament House of (1852). Accounts and Papers of the House of Commons. Ordered to be printed. Archived from the original on 14 August 2021. Retrieved 25 September 2020.
  42. ↑ Judicial Statistics, England and Wales. H.M. Stationery Office. 1867. Archived from the original on 18 August 2021. Retrieved 17 November 2020.
  43. ↑ Commons, Great Britain Parliament House of (1878). Judicial Statistics, England and Wales: 1877,1 (1878). H.M. Stationery Office. Archived from the original on 16 August 2021. Retrieved 17 November 2020.
  44. ↑ "METROPOLITAN POLICE (NUMBERS). (Hansard, 2 March 1888)". api.parliament.uk. Archived from the original on 30 May 2018. Retrieved 29 May 2018.
  45. ↑ Raymond B. Fosdick, European Police Systems, 1915. Figures at 31 December 1912, including 33 superintendents, 607 chief inspectors and inspectors, 2,747 sergeants and 17,142 constables.
  46. ↑ "Metropolitan Police – Hansard". hansard.parliament.uk. Archived from the original on 7 February 2020. Retrieved 13 April 2019.
  47. ↑ "Metropolitan Police Force – Hansard". hansard.parliament.uk. Archived from the original on 31 December 2019. Retrieved 13 April 2019.
  48. ↑ Report of the Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis for the Year 1952. Included 35 chief superintendents (including one woman), 12 detective chief superintendents, 62 superintendents (including one woman), 16 detective superintendents, 128 chief inspectors (including five women), 64 detective chief inspectors (including one woman), 20 station inspectors, 465 inspectors (including four women), 140 detective inspectors (including one woman), 441 station sergeants, 202 1st class detective sergeants, 1,834 sergeants (including 32 women), 414 2nd class detective sergeants (including six women), 11,951 constables (including 310 women), and 615 detective constables (including 27 women). The official establishment was 20,045.
  49. ↑ The Thin Blue Line, Police Council for Great Britain Staff Side Claim for Undermanning Supplements, 1965
  50. ↑ Hansard Archived 22 September 2017 at the Wayback Machine, 26 February 1996
  51. ↑ Hansard Archived 22 September 2017 at the Wayback Machine, 23 April 2001. London population at the time was 7,172,000.
  52. 1 2 GLA press release Archived 5 September 2006 at the Wayback Machine, 11 March 2003
  53. ↑ "MPS Police officer, staff and PCSO numbers: 31/03/09". Archived from the original on 14 August 2011. Retrieved 18 July 2011.
  54. ↑ "MPS Police officer, staff and PCSO numbers: 31/03/10". Archived from the original on 14 August 2011. Retrieved 18 July 2011.
  55. ↑ "MPS Police officer, staff and PCSO numbers: 31/03/11". Archived from the original on 27 January 2012. Retrieved 7 January 2012.
  56. ↑ "Police Workforce Data, 2013: 13/03/13". Archived from the original on 23 May 2014. Retrieved 23 May 2015.
  57. ↑ "Police Workforce Data, 2014: 14/03/14". Archived from the original on 12 November 2014. Retrieved 23 May 2015.
  58. 1 2 "Police Service Strength, House of Commons Library Briefing Paper 00634 23 March 2018: 23/03/18" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 September 2018. Retrieved 3 October 2018.
  59. 1 2 "Police workforce, England and Wales: 30 September 2017". GOV.UK. Archived from the original on 13 November 2018. Retrieved 29 May 2018.
  60. 1 2 "The Structure of the Met". Archived from the original on 11 August 2020. Retrieved 15 February 2020.
  61. 1 2 3 "The Structure of the Met". Archived from the original on 11 August 2020. Retrieved 2 January 2020.
  62. ↑ "Taser Usage in the MPS". Archived from the original on 16 August 2023. Retrieved 16 August 2023.
  63. ↑ "Metropolitan Police PCSO". Metropolitan Police. Archived from the original on 8 April 2010. Retrieved 2 June 2010.
  64. 1 2 Roberts, Gareth (2 March 2023). "Rivus strikes maintenance and repair fleet deal with Met Police". FleetNews. Archived from the original on 8 July 2023. Retrieved 8 July 2023.
  65. ↑ "Freedom of Information Request – Fleet Mileage & Accident Statistics". 25 February 2019. Archived from the original on 28 March 2019. Retrieved 26 March 2019.
  66. ↑ "Freedom of Information request – list of vehicles currently owned/operated by the Metropolitan Police Service" (PDF). February 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 January 2012.
  67. ↑ Davenport, Justin (31 October 2017). "Met chiefs reveal harsh new tactics in battle against moped gangs". www.standard.co.uk. Archived from the original on 27 April 2021. Retrieved 27 April 2021.
  68. ↑ "Met Police cars to have Battenburg livery". BBC News. 19 November 2012. Archived from the original on 9 July 2023. Retrieved 9 July 2023.
  69. ↑ "New look for police cars". Westminster and Pimlico News. 14 July 1978. p. 41. Archived from the original on 14 November 2023. Retrieved 14 November 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  70. ↑ Gibbs, Nick (14 June 2002). "Silver lining for the Met". Evening Standard. London. p. 99. Archived from the original on 18 November 2023. Retrieved 18 November 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  71. ↑ London's cash-strapped police must find £130m per year to pay extra pensions costs despite 'end of austerity' Archived 18 October 2018 at the Wayback Machine The Independent
  72. ↑ Fido, Martin; Keith Skinner (2000). Official Encyclopedia of Scotland Yard. Virgin. p. 56. ISBN 978-1-85227-712-3.
  73. ↑ Mayor's Office for Policing and Crime and Group. Statement of Accounts 2014/15 Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine. See the outturn column in the table on page vi.
  74. ↑ Mayor's Office for Policing and Crime. Statement of Accounts 2011/12 Archived 16 November 2012 at the Wayback Machine.
  75. ↑ "Police funding – who's paying the Bill?". 6 October 2017. Archived from the original on 24 September 2018. Retrieved 24 September 2018.
  76. ↑ "Home – The Met". content.met.police.uk. Archived from the original on 18 February 2012. Retrieved 3 December 2016.
  77. ↑ "Home – The Met". content.met.police.uk. Archived from the original on 18 February 2012. Retrieved 1 December 2016.
  78. ↑ "Home – The Met". content.met.police.uk. Archived from the original on 8 December 2014. Retrieved 3 December 2016.
  79. ↑ "New team driving down road crime in the capital | Road Safety Support". www.roadsafetysupport.co.uk. Archived from the original on 27 April 2021. Retrieved 27 April 2021.
  80. ↑ "Home – The Met". content.met.police.uk. Archived from the original on 4 May 2013. Retrieved 1 December 2016.
  81. ↑ "Home – The Met". content.met.police.uk. Archived from the original on 26 November 2016. Retrieved 1 December 2016.
  82. ↑ "Dog Support Unit – History". Metropolitan Police. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 4 June 2015.
  83. ↑ "Home – The Met". content.met.police.uk. Archived from the original on 4 July 2012. Retrieved 1 December 2016.
  84. ↑ "Home – The Met". content.met.police.uk. Archived from the original on 15 August 2012. Retrieved 3 December 2016.
  85. ↑ "Mounted Branch – Introduction". Metropolitan Police. Archived from the original on 11 July 2006. Retrieved 13 June 2010.
  86. ↑ "Disturbances in Tottenham, Tottenham Hale and Wood Green Saturday 6th – Sunday 7th August 2011" (PDF). University of St. Andrews. Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 February 2022. Retrieved 14 October 2021.
  87. ↑ "Home – The Met". content.met.police.uk. Archived from the original on 26 November 2016. Retrieved 3 December 2016.
  88. ↑ "Metropolitan Police Service Business Plan progress update 2018–19, Quarter 1 (April to June 2018)" (PDF). Metropolitan Police Service. Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 March 2022. Retrieved 14 October 2021.
  89. ↑ "Freedom of information request reference no: 01.FOI.22.022955". Met Police. May 2022. Archived from the original on 13 August 2022. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
  90. ↑ "Met Police stations: A-Z Directory". Metropolitan Police. Archived from the original on 5 February 2009. Retrieved 8 June 2009.
  91. ↑ "Half of London police stations to close". BBC News. 14 July 2017. Archived from the original on 3 November 2018. Retrieved 24 September 2018.
  92. ↑ "BBC: Bow Street court closes its doors". BBC News. 14 July 2006. Archived from the original on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 8 June 2009.
  93. ↑ Institute for Public Policy Research: Re-inventing the police station Archived 27 September 2006 at the Wayback Machine
  94. ↑ Fido, Martin; Keith Skinner (2000). Official Encyclopedia of Scotland Yard. Virgin. p. 57. ISBN 978-1-85227-712-3.
  95. ↑ "Knife crime rises in England and Wales as London murders surge". Archived from the original on 24 September 2018. Retrieved 24 September 2018.
  96. ↑ Home Office (July 2011). Crimes detected in England and Wales 2010/11 Archived 7 October 2011 at the Wayback Machine. See Excel file for "Police force area tables".
  97. ↑ Met police dropped 30,000 criminal investigations in first 24 hours last year Archived 9 September 2018 at the Wayback Machine The Guardian
  98. ↑ Boffey, Daniel (12 September 2023). "Anti-monarchy protester suing Met chief over coronation day arrest". theguardian.com. Guardian. Archived from the original on 12 September 2023. Retrieved 12 September 2023.
  99. ↑ "Stephen Port: Met Police failings led to more deaths". BBC News. 10 December 2021. Archived from the original on 10 December 2021. Retrieved 10 December 2021.
  100. ↑ "Met police officer guilty of belonging to banned neo-Nazi group". The Guardian. 1 April 2021. Archived from the original on 1 April 2021. Retrieved 1 April 2021.
  101. ↑ Dodd, Vikram (21 March 2023). "Met police found to be institutionally racist, misogynistic and homophobic". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 21 March 2023. Retrieved 21 March 2023.
  102. ↑ "Galop's statement on institutionalised homophobia and transphobia in the Met Police". Archived from the original on 2 May 2023. Retrieved 2 May 2023.
  103. ↑ "Met Police: Ex-officers admit sending racist WhatsApp messages". BBC News. 7 September 2023. Archived from the original on 7 September 2023. Retrieved 7 September 2023.
  104. ↑ Symonds, Tom (7 December 2023). "Met Police: Ex-officers sentenced over racist WhatsApp posts". bbc.co.uk. BBC. Retrieved 12 January 2024.
  105. ↑ Mendick, Robert; Evans, Martin (3 January 2024). "Johnson condemns Met Police investigation into Israel 'war crimes'". The Telegraph. ISSN 0307-1235. Retrieved 4 January 2024.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Metropolitan Police.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.