Ottoman era

In 1517, the village was included in the Ottoman empire with the rest of Palestine, and potsherds from the early Ottoman period have been found here.^[6] It appeared in the 1596 tax-records as Majdal, located in the Nahiya of Jabal Qubal of the Liwa of Nablus. The population was 18 households, all Muslim. They paid a fixed tax rate of 33,3% on agricultural products, such as wheat, barley, summer crops, olive trees, goats and beehives, in addition to occasional revenues and a fixed tax for people of Nablus area; a total of 1,450 akçe.^[8]

In 1838 Edward Robinson noted Mejdel Beni Fadil located in El-Beitawy district, east of Nablus,^[9] while in 1852 C.W.M. van de Velde noted "large old hewn stones prove sufficiently that here was once an ancient site". The inhabitants had a few tobacco−gardens and olive−trees, and the view of the Ghor from the village was "truly magnificent", according to van de Velde.^[10]

In 1870 Guérin noted: "I found here two small and ancient columns. Numerous cisterns, caverns, and rock-cut tombs prove the antiquity of the site, the ancient name of which was doubtless Migdal. I also examined a very curious excavation here, called el Kaf. It is of square form, and measures 26 feet 2 inches on each side. It is three-quarters fallen in, and offers this peculiarity-that those portions of wall still visible are provided on the inside with small niches, some triangular and some vaulted, cut at equal distances and in rows."^[11] He further remarked that in the little mosque called Nabi Yahia, there were two antique reused columns.^[12]

In 1882, the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) described it as "a small village on the top of a hill, with olives on the south and west, and a small sacred place on the south-east. On the east are caves, and there are tombs and rock-cut cisterns near the village."^[13]

British Mandate era

In the 1922 census of Palestine conducted by the British Mandate authorities, Majdal had a population of 199 Muslims,^[14] increasing in the 1931 census to 310, still all Muslims, in a total of 70 houses.^[15]

In the 1945 statistics Majdal Bani Fadil had a population of 430 Muslims^[16] and a total of 28,022 dunams of land, according to an official land and population survey.^[17] Of this, 1,131 dunams were plantations and irrigable land, 6,994 used for cereals,^[18] while 36 dunams were built-up land.^[19]

Jordanian era

In the wake of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and after the 1949 Armistice Agreements, Majdal Bani Fadil came under Jordanian rule.

The Jordanian census of 1961 found 628 inhabitants in Majdal Bani Fadil.^[20]

Post-1967

After the Six-Day War in 1967, Majdal Bani Fadil has been under Israeli occupation. The population of Majdal Bani Fadil in the 1967 census conducted by Israel was 629, of whom 1 originated from the Israeli territory.^[21]

After the 1995 accords, 18% of village land is classified as Area B (partial Palestinian control), while the remaining 82% is Area C (full Israeli control)^[22]