Aboriginal Australian women and children, Maloga, N.S.W. wearing European dress.

Maloga Aboriginal Mission Station also known as Maloga Mission or Mologa Mission was established about 15 miles (24 km) from the township of Moama, on the banks of the Murray River in New South Wales, Australia.[1] It was on the edge of an extensive forest reserve. Maloga Mission was a private venture established by Daniel Matthews,[2][3] a Christian missionary and school teacher, and his brother William. The mission station operated intermittently in 1874, becoming permanent in 1876.[4][5][6][7] The Mission closed in 1888, after dissatisfied residents moved about 5 miles (8 km) upriver to Cummeragunja Reserve, with all of the buildings being re-built there.

The community at Maloga were people of the Yorta Yorta Nation and other groups from the Murray River region.[4] There are reports of the Maloga cricket team competing with other teams in the area.[8]

Maloga Mission School

The Maloga Mission School was started in 1874.[2][9][10] Janet Matthews, the wife of Daniel, was involved in teaching at the school.[11] Annual reports from the school were published.[12]

Finance for the mission

The mission relied on public donations and the money earned by the Aboriginal men working at sheep and cattle stations in the area. Matthews lobbied the New South Wales government for financial support, including establishing the Committee to Aid the Maloga Mission in 1878,[13][14] a committee which later became the New South Wales Aborigines Protection Association[15][16] which, from 1881, began contributing to the mission's support.[11]

Mission records

Daniel Matthews wrote detailed reports on the Maloga Aboriginal Mission covering the years 1873-1891.[17][18] The papers of Daniel Matthews include his diaries[19] and mission reports, a draft constitution, and notes on the formation of the Association for the Protection of Aborigines of New South Wales (APA), dated 1878. There are many references to the Reverend William Ridley and the Reverend John B. Gribble of the nearby Warangesda Mission.[20]

Petitions

In April 1881, 42 of the Yorta Yorta men living at the Maloga Mission wrote a petition to the Governor of New South Wales, Augustus Loftus, requesting land.[4] Daniel Matthews took the petition to Sydney on their behalf and it was published in the Sydney Morning Herald on 2 July 1881 and the Daily Telegraph on 5 July 1881, the same day that it was presented to the governor.[21] Two years after the petition, land was reserved to create the Cummeragunja Reserve, about 4 miles (6 km) upriver from the Maloga Mission.[22][23]

In 1882, the Maloga Mission, together with the Mission at Warangesda, the superintendent of which was J. B. Gribble, were the subject of a NSW Government enquiry.[24]

In July 1887, the Governor, Lord Carrington, visited Moama, and the reception included representatives from the Maloga Mission who presented the Governor with a petition requesting Queen Victoria grant land to the community.[25] The petition was signed by Robert Cooper, Samson Barber, Aaron Atkinson, Hughy Anderson, John Cooper, Edgar Atkinson, Whyman McLean, John Atkinson (his mark), William Cooper, George Middleton, Edward Joachim (his mark).[26] A later report described how:

"Jack Cooper, a young man, who has been trained and educated at Maloga, read an address of welcome, and presented a petition to His excellency asking that 100 acres of land may be granted to such Aboriginal men as are capable of farming, in order to support themselves and families and make a home. Lord Carrington and the Hon. Mr Burns, Colonial Treasurer, both replied, promising that our efforts on the part of the Blacks would meet with hearty support from the Government in every legitimate direction. Our party gave three cheers, and the school children sang a verse of "God save the Queen" with such sweetness as to elicty general applause."[27]

By 1888, most of the residents of Maloga had relocated to the Cummeragunja Reserve, in protest at the strict religious rules of Maloga,[28] and the Maloga buildings were moved to Cummeragunja Reserve.[29] The name Coomerugunja was given to it by a superintendent appointed by "the Aborigines Protection Association in Sydney" (New South Wales Aborigines Protection Association?[30][31]). Thomas Shadrach James continued as teacher at the new location, and was praised as a dedicated teacher by Matthews' son, John Kerr Matthews, who was one of his pupils.[32]

Matthews apparently had some connection with the Aborigines Protection Association, but that ceased in April 1888. According to his wife Janet, he continued to be "engaged in work on behalf of the blacks". The couple stayed on at Maloga Mission, doing their "particular work", and were looking to establish a new mission at Bribie Island after the Maloga residents had left,[33] but that never came to pass.[34]

See also

References

  1. ↑ New South Wales. Parliament. Legislative Council (1883), Aboriginal mission stations at Warangesda and Maloga : (report and correspondence respecting inquiry into working of), Thomas Richards, Govt. Printer, retrieved 18 January 2018
  2. 1 2 Cato, Nancy. "Matthews, Daniel (1837–1902)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. Retrieved 18 January 2018.
  3. ↑ Cato, Nancy (1976), Mister Maloga : Daniel Matthews and his mission, Murray River, 1864-1902, University of Queensland Press, ISBN 978-0-7022-1110-2
  4. 1 2 3 Belmessous, Saliha (2012), Native Claims : Indigenous Law against Empire, 1500-1920, Oxford New York Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-938611-6
  5. ↑ Australia. Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission; New South Wales. Department of Aboriginal Affairs (1998), Securing the truth : NSW Government submission to the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission Inquiry into the Separation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Children from their Families, NSW Department of Aboriginal Affairs, ISBN 978-0-9585971-0-4
  6. ↑ "Notes and Oueries. THE AUSTRALIAN ABORIGINES". Australian Town and Country Journal. Vol. XVIII, no. 446. New South Wales, Australia. 27 July 1878. p. 17. Retrieved 18 January 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  7. ↑ "The Maloga Aborigines' Station". The Sydney Mail and New South Wales Advertiser. Vol. XLII, no. 1375. New South Wales, Australia. 13 November 1886. p. 1013. Retrieved 18 January 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  8. ↑ "NARIOKA v. MALOGA". Riverine Herald. Vol. XIX, no. 2, 517. New South Wales, Australia. 1 October 1881. p. 3. Retrieved 18 January 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  9. ↑ McLisky, Claire (1 June 2010). "The location of faith: power, gender and spirituality in the 1883-84 Maloga Mission revival.(Report)". History Australia. 7 (1). doi:10.2104/ha100008. S2CID 144848226.
  10. ↑ Davis, Fiona (2009). "Calculating colour: whiteness, anthropological research and the Cummeragunja Aboriginal Reserve, May and June 1938" (PDF). Creating White Australia. Sydney: University of Sydney. pp. 103–120. ISBN 9781920899424.
  11. 1 2 McLisky, Claire (17 April 2015). "From missionary wife to superintendent: Janet Matthews on three independent Murray River missions". Journal of Australian Studies. 39 (1): 32–43. doi:10.1080/14443058.2014.987680. S2CID 145298548.
  12. ↑ Maloga Aboriginal Mission School (1876–1881), Report, Echuca, Riverine Herald, retrieved 18 January 2018
  13. ↑ "Maloga Aboriginal Station". The Sydney Mail and New South Wales Advertiser. Vol. XXVI, no. 955. New South Wales, Australia. 19 October 1878. p. 627. Retrieved 18 January 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  14. ↑ "Maloga Aboriginal Mission". The Sydney Morning Herald. No. 12, 607. New South Wales, Australia. 15 October 1878. p. 3. Retrieved 19 January 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  15. ↑ "Aborigines' Protection Association". The Sydney Morning Herald. No. 13, 530. New South Wales, Australia. 11 August 1881. p. 10. Retrieved 18 January 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  16. ↑ "The Aborigines of New South Wales". The Sydney Morning Herald. No. 13, 066. New South Wales, Australia. 17 February 1880. p. 6. Retrieved 18 January 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  17. ↑ "Maloga Aboriginal Mission, reports by Daniel Matthews, 1873-1891". State Library of New South Wales. Retrieved 5 February 2018.
  18. ↑ "Daniel Matthews papers, 1861-1917". State Library of New South Wales. Retrieved 5 February 2018.
  19. ↑ "Maloga from the diaries and mission reports of Daniel Matthews, missionary to the Aborigines of Australia, 1861-1873". Collection - State Library of NSW. Retrieved 4 June 2021.
  20. ↑ "Maloga from the diaries and mission reports of Daniel Matthews, missionary to the Aborigines of Australia, 1861-1873". archival.sl.nsw.gov.au. Retrieved 28 February 2018.
  21. ↑ "ECCLESIASTIC". The Sydney Mail and New South Wales Advertiser. Vol. XXXII, no. 1097. New South Wales, Australia. 16 July 1881. p. 111. Retrieved 18 January 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  22. ↑ "HOMES FOR THE ABORIGINES". Riverine Herald. No. 4179. New South Wales, Australia. 26 March 1888. p. 2. Retrieved 19 January 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  23. ↑ Yorta Yorta Nation Aboriginal Corporation (1900), Maloga Mission : resistance continues, [Shepparton, Vic.] Yorta Yorta Nation Aboriginal Corporation, retrieved 19 January 2018
  24. ↑ New South Wales. Parliament. Legislative Council (1883), Aboriginal mission stations at Warangesda and Maloga : (report and correspondence respecting inquiry into working of), Thomas Richards, Govt. Printer, retrieved 19 January 2018
  25. ↑ "LORD CARRINGTON AT MOAMA". Riverine Herald. No. 4056. New South Wales, Australia. 20 July 1887. p. 2. Retrieved 24 January 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
  26. ↑ Attwood, Bain; Markus, Andrew (2004), Thinking black : William Cooper and Australian Aborigines' league, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies, ISBN 978-0-85575-459-4
  27. ↑ Matthews, Daniel (1888). "Thirteenth Report". Maloga Aboriginal Mission Station: 10.
  28. ↑ "Cummeragunja". Koori History - Aboriginal History of South Eastern Australia. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
  29. ↑ "Comeroogunga Mission Station". Riverine Herald. No. 4319. New South Wales, Australia. 25 April 1889. p. 3. Retrieved 19 January 2018 – via National Library of Australia.,
  30. ↑ "New South Wales Aborigines Protection Association". The Dictionary of Sydney. Retrieved 21 February 2020.
  31. ↑ "New South Wales Aborigines Protection Association. - People and organisations". Trove. 22 August 1932. Retrieved 21 February 2020.
  32. ↑ "Cumeroogunga Mission: Story of Its Early Days: Tribute to Teacher". Riverine Herald. New South Wales. 15 August 1946. p. 3. Retrieved 21 February 2020 – via Trove.
  33. ↑ "Maloga Mission to the Aborigines of Australia". The Argus (Melbourne). Victoria, Australia. 10 June 1890. p. 7. Retrieved 21 February 2020 – via Trove.
  34. ↑ Cato, Nancy (17 February 1902). "Daniel Matthews". Australian Dictionary of Biography. ANU. Retrieved 21 February 2020.

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