Malaysia
Shirt badge/Association crest
Nickname(s)Harimau Malaya
(Malayan Tiger)
AssociationFootball Association of Malaysia
ConfederationAFC (Asia)
Sub-confederationAFF (Southeast Asia)
Head coachKim Pan-gon
CaptainMatthew Davies
Most capsSoh Chin Ann (195)[1]
Top scorerMokhtar Dahari (89)[2]
Home stadiumNational Stadium
FIFA codeMAS
First colours
Second colours
FIFA ranking
Current 130 Steady (21 December 2023)[3]
Highest75 (8 August 1993)
Lowest178 (15 March 2018)
First international
 Malaysia 1–1 Thailand 
(Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; 12 October 1963)[n 1]
Biggest win
 Malaysia 11–0 Philippines 
(Tehran, Iran; 7 September 1974)[5]
Biggest defeat
 United Arab Emirates 10–0 Malaysia 
(Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; 3 September 2015)
AFC Asian Cup
Appearances4 (first in 1976)
Best resultGroup Stage
(1976, 1980, 2007)
AFF Cup
Appearances14 (first in 1996)
Best resultChampions (2010)
Medal record
Asian Games
Bronze medal – third place 1974 Tehran Team
SEA Games
Bronze medal – third place 1969 Myanmar Team
Silver medal – second place 1971 Malaysia Team
Bronze medal – third place 1973 Singapore Team
Silver medal – second place 1975 Thailand Team
Gold medal – first place 1977 Malaysia Team
Gold medal – first place 1979 Indonesia Team
Silver medal – second place 1981 Philippines Team
Bronze medal – third place 1983 Singapore Team
Bronze medal – third place 1985 Thailand Team
Silver medal – second place 1987 Indonesia Team
Gold medal – first place 1989 Malaysia Team

The Malaysia national football team (Malay: Pasukan bola sepak kebangsaan Malaysia) represents Malaysia in international football and is controlled by the Football Association of Malaysia. The national team is recognised by FIFA as the successor of the defunct Malaya national football team which was founded for the 1963 Merdeka Tournament one month before the institution of Malaysia. The team is officially nicknamed Harimau Malaya in reference to the Malayan Tiger.[6] Former player Mokhtar Dahari is one of the top goal scorers in international history.

Consisting of the group of 4 teams (the other three being Singapore, Vietnam and Thailand) of Southeast Asia who have each won the AFF Championship at least once, having won it once, Malaysia has however failed to reach wins outside their region other than a bronze won at the Asian Games in 1974. Having participated in the Summer Olympics once and three AFC Asian Cups, the team has never progressed beyond the group stage.

Malaysia's biggest opponents on the international stage are its geographical neighbours – Indonesia, Singapore, and Thailand – with past matches produced and in particular, fixtures involving Indonesia being the most heated among these that corresponds to political and social issues, named as 'Nusantara Derby'.[7] A rivalry with Cambodia also had developed, with “The Koupreys” attempting to win against Malaysia in every match they had played since the inception of the AFF Championship.[8][9]

Since the 2020s, Malaysia significantly uses players with Malaysian ancestry who reside in another country and naturalised players of various different nationalities in an attempt to revive the prospects of its national football team.[10][11]

History

Early years (1963–1969)

The winner of the second season of Merdeka Cup in 1958, Malaya football team, five years before the merger to form Malaysia. Also in the picture is Tunku Abdul Rahman (centre), the first Prime Minister of Malaya and at that time president of Football Association of Malaya & Asian Football Confederation.[12][13]

Prior to 16 September 1963, North Borneo (now Sabah), Sarawak, Malaya and Singapore were represented by their own national teams, a situation which pre-dated the establishment Malaysia.[14] Malaya and Singapore often competed in international competitions such as the Merdeka Tournament while North Borneo and Sarawak competed in Borneo Cup. Malaya's biggest achievement in football was becoming the bronze medalist of the 1962 Asian Games held in Jakarta, Indonesia after defeating South Vietnam 4–1 led by Abdul Ghani Minhat, who at that time was the first Asian player to reach 50 goals for the men's national teams.[15]

The winner of the first season of Borneo Cup in 1962, North Borneo football team, one year before the merger to form Malaysia.

The beginning of the Malaysian football team match took place in Merdeka Stadium on 8 August 1963 with the combined strength of Singapore and Malaya (although the federation only existed after 16 September 1963). With the combined forces of Malaya and Singapore, the team began by facing Japan, and lost 3–4.[16] The team continued to use a combination of players from Singapore and Malay Peninsula until the formation of the Malaysia team, wherein the Football Association of Malaya was succeeded by the Football Association of Malaysia (FAM). The combination players with Singapore ended when the latter separated from Malaysia along with the establishment of Football Association of Singapore (FAS) and their subsequent reaffiliation with FIFA in 1965.[17] Since then the squad was only represented by West Malaysian players, mainly due to travel time difficulties to East Malaysia and the players were not well known to the mainstream West Malaysian football. From 1966 to 1970, Chow Chee Keong was voted by Asian Football Confederation as the best Asian's goalkeeper for 5 straight years.[18]

Olympic Tournament and Asia Competition (1970–1980)

Malaysia vs. South Korea during the 1972 Summer Olympics qualifiers on 25 September 1971.

In 1971, James Wong of Sabah was the first player from East Malaysia to represent the country.[19][20] Malaysia qualified for the 1972 Olympics in Munich, beating Japan 3–0, South Korea 1–0, Taiwan 3–0 and the Philippines 5–0 along the way.[21] Although they managed to defeat the United States 3–0, they lost the other two matches with a score of 0–3 to West Germany and 0–6 to Morocco, ranking 10th in the final standings.[22][23][24][25]

Malaysian goalkeeper Wong Kam Fook in action during the match against West Germany in the 1972 Summer Olympics at Munich on 27 August 1972.

Since 1972, Mokhtar Dahari has been considered a legendary football player for the Malaysian team maintaining his place as one of the best players in Asia.[26] He manage to score a total of 125 goals in 167 appearances for Malaysia (including matches played against club sides, national 'B' teams and selection teams).[27][28] Against other nations' national 'A' teams, he scored 89 goals in 142 appearances.[2][29][30] This makes him as one of the world's top scorer for men's national teams at one time.[31][32]

Together with the record of Soh Chin Ann. According to both RSSSF and IFFHS, Soh is the player with the most international caps in men's football and become the first men's footballers to reach 200 or more international caps (219).[1][33] Two years later, Malaysia won their second bronze medal at the 1974 Asian Games after defeating North Korea 2–1.[34] The team went on to qualify twice in a row for the AFC Asian Cup, in 1976 and 1980.[35] It was only in 1977; when the FAM sent a talent scout to the East.[36][37] The list continued by the late James Yaakub of Sarawak in 1977. The team also won the Merdeka Tournament four times, became runner-up three times and achieved third place twice during the 1970s.[38] Malaysia qualified again for the 1980 Olympics in Moscow, beating Indonesia 6–1, South Korea 3–0, Brunei 3–1, Philippines 8–0 and tied with Japan 1–1.[39] Thus, the team meet South Korea in the play-off match. Malaysia won the play-off against South Korea with a 2–1 scored in the Merdeka Stadium and qualified but joined the US-led boycott of the games as the Malaysian government made a decision to protest the Soviet Union's invasion of Afghanistan.[40][41][42]

1976 AFC Asian Cup Group A

Team Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts
 Kuwait 220030+34
 China 201112−11
 Malaysia 201113−21

Malaysia participated the 1976 AFC Asian Cup for the first time, meeting Kuwait and China in Group A. During the tournament, Malaysia came in last in the group, losing 0–2 to Kuwait in the opening match but managed to hold China to a 1–1 draw in the second match.

1980 AFC Asian Cup Group B

Team Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts
 South Korea 4310102+87
 Kuwait 421185+35
 Malaysia 41215504
 Qatar 411238−53
 United Arab Emirates 401339−61

Malaysia made its second Asian Cup appearance in 1980, placed in Group B alongside South Korea, Kuwait, Qatar and the United Arab Emirates. They managed to hold South Korea 1–1 in the first match, but would lose 1–3 to Kuwait before regaining a 2–0 victory against the United Arab Emirates. Malaysia would eventually finish 3rd after holding Qatar 1–1 in their last match.

Falling performances and drought (1990–2009)

The Malaysian team (yellow) against New Zealand (white) during a friendly match in Queen Elizabeth II Park, Christchurch, New Zealand on 19 February 2006.

In 1994, Malaysian football was embroiled in one of the largest bribery scandals in the country.[43][44] With the dearth of mainstream interest and lack of funds, Malaysian football has failed to repeat the performances of the 1970s and 1980s to qualify into major tournaments, despite the recruitment of Claude LeRoy. Allan Harris appointed as a new head coach in 2001. Harris came with strong credentials, having assisted Terry Venables at FC Barcelona. In the second half of 2004, FAM appoint Bertalan Bicskei, former Hungarian goalkeeper and national coach, to succeed Allan Harris. Bicskei led the national side to third place at the regional Tiger Cup tournament, but was demoted to youth development duties by FAM for his actions during a friendly against Singapore in Penang on 8 June 2005. Bicskei, disgusted by the standard of officiating, threw a bottle onto the pitch before confronting a Singapore player. In September 2005, his contract was terminated after a mutual agreement.[45]

Norizan Bakar became the next head coach of the Malaysian team. He guided the Malaysian squad to the 2007 AFF Championship semifinals in 2007, where Malaysia lost through penalties to Singapore. Norizan's position as the head coach was criticised by the Malaysian football community, fans and officials alike, after the team's performances during the 2007 AFC Asian Cup as co-host of the edition, where Malaysia lost to China 1–5, Uzbekistan 0–5 and Iran 0–2. After the removal of Norizan Bakar, B. Sathianathan took over as head coach. Although he guided the squad to win the 2007 Merdeka Tournament, Malaysia once again failed to qualify for the World Cup after losing 1–4 and drawing 0–0 with Bahrain in the qualifying round. In March 2008, Sathianathan once again reach the final of the Merdeka Tournament. However, Malaysia lost on penalties to Vietnam. Sathianathan also led Malaysia to the semi-finals of the 2008 Myanmar Grand Royal Challenge Cup. However, Malaysia then shockingly lost 1–4 to eventual winners, Myanmar.[46]

During the 2008 AFF Championship, Malaysia started their campaign with a 3–0 win over Laos, but were defeated in the second match by Vietnam with a score of 2–3 and were finally eliminated when they lost 0–3 to Thailand in the final match of the group stage. This was the first time that the Malaysian squad had not passed through the group stages in 12 years. There are also reports that match-fixing and bribery that infiltrate the Malaysian football in the 1994 are returned.[47] In the 2011 Asian Cup qualifiers, the Malaysian team lost 0–5 to the United Arab Emirates. This defeat was the final straw in the eyes of Malaysian supporters, and in February 2009, the contracts of Sathianathan and manager Soh Chin Ann were terminated.[48]

FA Premier League Asia Cup (2003)

In July 2003, Malaysia qualified for the 2003 FA Premier League Asia Cup as the host nation and as the only national team to ever do so, and on 24 July 2003, they lost 4-1 against Chelsea in the semi-finals in a match where Hairuddin Omar scored Malaysia's only goal of the tournament to bring the match to 1-1. In the third place playoff on 26 July 2003, they lost 4-0 against Birmingham City and placed fourth in the tournament.[49][50]

AFF Championship triumph (2010)

In April 2009, K. Rajagopal was named the new coach of Malaysia replacing B. Sathianathan and took over the position in July 2009, of which he also looked after the Malaysia under-23 squad.[52] Rajagopal's first match was against Zimbabwe, which Malaysia won 4–0.[53] Rajagopal also coached Malaysia in two games against visiting English champions, Manchester United, losing both matches 2–3 and 0–2. During his time as the coach of the Under-23 team, Rajagopal led Malaysia to their fifth SEA Games gold medal and also led Malaysia to qualify for the second round of the 2010 Asian Games as one of the best four third-placed teams after a lapse of 32 years.[54][55]

During the 2010 AFF Championship, a total of 14 Malaysia's players were under the age of 23. Placed in group A and lost the first match to host Indonesia 1–5, Malaysia bounced back from defeat drawing Thailand and beating Laos 5–1. As runner up of group, Malaysia qualified for the semi-finals to meet Group B winners and defending champions Vietnam. In the first leg of the semifinal, Malaysia won 2–0 on home soil and later drew 0–0 in the second leg, advancing to the final with an aggregate of 2–0.[56] An opportunity of revenge opened up in the finals as Malaysia again met Indonesia, who were unbeaten in all previous matches.

On the first leg of the finals at home, Malaysia won 3–0. Malaysia scored twice through Safee Sali and once through Mohd Ashaari Shamsuddin on a night when Bukit Jalil National Stadium was filled over capacity for the first time since it was built. The match attracted so many people that after tickets were sold out, policemen manning the gates were seen allowing friends and relatives into the stadium, causing people having to trespass onto the cable bridge above the electronic display besides standing on the aisles and corridors to view the game. On the second leg of the finals that was held in Jakarta, Malaysia lost 1–2 to Indonesia but the final aggregate was 4–2 to Malaysia, thus Malaysia were awarded the title. It was the first time in history that Malaysia were crowned the champions of AFF Championship and a trophy in the international stage.[57]

Stagnation (2011–2022)

Since the 2010s, the expectations of improved performances rose, but the team still failed to deliver any new high achievements or set new records.[58] In June 2014, Dollah Salleh replaced Rajagobal as the head coach after his contract has ended.[59] Dollah guided Malaysia to the final of the 2014 AFF Championship but failed to replicate the same form as the previous head coach. In the following international fixtures, the coach has also recorded 0–6 losses to Oman and Palestine as well as 1–1 draw against Timor-Leste. However, the 0–10 defeat to the United Arab Emirates, Malaysia's worst ever defeat in history, prompted his resignation as the head coach.[60] The place was taken by interim coach Ong Kim Swee who was later promoted as the head coach until the end of March 2017.[61] The official coaching post then was taken over by Portuguese coach Nelo Vingada in the hopes of raising the Malaysian football performances. On 13 June, Malaysia played their first match in the 2019 AFC Asian Cup qualification against Lebanon. Despite having a 1–0 lead during the first half, they eventually lost the match with a score 1–2.[62] Malaysia's poor performance however, continued. Despite given high hopes and expectations from the match against Hong Kong, Malaysia only managed a 1–1 draw, before losing to the same team 0–2 in Hong Kong. As for the result, frustration happened in the team and Malaysia suffered two consecutive defeats against North Korea, with both matches ended 1–4. Malaysia also lost the second final match against Lebanon in Beirut by 1–2. With only 1 draw and 5 defeats, Malaysia was subsequently eliminated from the qualification.[63] The coaching position was taken over by the team assistant coach Tan Cheng Hoe in late 2017 after Vingada stepped down following a string of poor results.[64]

After failure to qualify for the 2019 AFC Asian Cup, Malaysia proceeded its journey in the 2018 AFF Championship and was grouped with rival Vietnam together with Myanmar, Laos and Cambodia. Malaysia won the second place with three wins and only one loss against Vietnam. By qualifying as group runners-up, Malaysia faced Thailand, the fierce rival in their long-time head-to-head records as well the reigning champions in the tournament, where they were able to overcome the latter by holding them 2–2 in Thailand's home stadium of Bangkok, winning the match by away goals rule in one of the tournament's greatest shock despite being tied 0–0 earlier at home.[65][66] In the finals, they met Vietnam again and held the latter 2–2 at home before losing 0–1 in Vietnam's home ground of Hanoi, subsequently finishing the tournament with an aggregate of 2–3 as the runners-up for the third time in their AFF Cup history.[67] Despite being unable to achieve the AFF Cup the second time, the enhancing performance of Malaysia was seen with the emergence of new talents coming from its youth football development which brought a hope in future.[68][69]

Malaysia participated in 2022 FIFA World Cup qualification from the first round due to poor record previously, but with its first opponent facing Timor-Leste, Malaysia easily destroyed the Timorese 12–2 on aggregate.[70] There, they joined the second round where the team was surprisingly grouped in a group containing three other Southeast Asian rivals Thailand, Indonesia and Vietnam; alongside the United Arab Emirates. Malaysia opened their game with a 3–2 comeback victory over rival Indonesia in a match with full scandal and strong Anti-Malaysian sentiment among Indonesians.[71] It was followed by an unlucky 1–2 home loss to the UAE, and to add the irony, Malaysia took the lead from early minute only to see itself being beaten at home.[72] The next encounter was against rival Vietnam in Hanoi, which was the rematch of their 2018 AFF Championship match, ended with another Malaysian defeat as Malaysia fell to a 0–1 defeat.[73] However, Malaysia has not been eliminated as the team can still get an opportunity to qualify further. Then, Malaysia managed one of the most famous victories in their FIFA World Cup campaign, beating neighbour and regional powerhouse Thailand 2–1 at home to keep its dream alive.[74] Malaysia boosted its confidence with its victory over Thailand to overcome a demoralised Indonesia, also at home, 2–0, to occupy second spot behind Vietnam and above Thailand.[75]

However, due to COVID-19 pandemic in 2021, Malaysia's performance heavily dropped. Prior to the last 3 matches of 2022 FIFA World Cup, many key players were affected, causing Tan Cheng Hoe to call up new players and veteran players. They lost 0–2 against Bahrain and 1–4 against Kuwait in a friendly match, before losing 0–4 to UAE, 1–2 against Vietnam but managed to win 1–0 against Thailand in World Cup qualification. Ultimately, they failed to advance to the final round. Following Malaysia's failure to qualify for the semi-finals of the 2020 AFF Championship in Singapore, Tan Cheng Hoe resigned as the head coach of Football Association of Malaysia.[76]

Resurgence of Harimau Malaya (2022–present)

After Tan Cheng Hoe's resignation, South Korean Kim Pan-gon was appointed as Malaysia's new national team coach on a 2-year contract.[77] His first task was the 2022 FAS Tri-Nations Series held in Singapore in March 2022. At that time, Pan Gon recorded his first success when Malaysia won 2–0 against Philippines but suffered a subsequent 1–2 loss to Singapore in the next match.[78] Pan Gon's next challenge came when Malaysia faced Brunei and Hong Kong in a series of friendly matches as part of preparations for the 2023 AFC Asian Cup qualification.[79] Malaysia won 4–0 against Brunei[80] and 2–0 against Hong Kong,[81] raising confidence and support from FAM and Malaysians in the hope of improving Malaysian football's fortunes which had declined in the previous years.

In the third round of 2023 AFC Asian Cup qualification, Malaysia faced 3 matches which began with a 3–1 victory against Turkmenistan in the first match,[82] suffering a 1–2 lost to Bahrain,[83] before successfully ending their campaign by defeating Bangladesh with 4–1.[84] Thus, Malaysia finished second in Group E behind Bahrain and automatically qualified for the 2023 AFC Asian Cup on merit after 42 years.[85][86] Shortly thereafter, Malaysia's FIFA ranking rose up to 147th from 154th in March 2022.[87] Later in September 2022, Malaysia entered the 2022 King's Cup in Thailand, facing the host and later, Tajikistan in the final. Malaysia won 5–3 on penalties against Thailand after a 1–1 draw but later failed to win the cup after a 0–3 lost in the penalty shootout after being held to a goalless draw.[88]

2023 AFC Asian Cup qualification – third round Group E

Team Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts Qualification
 Bahrain 330051+49 2023 AFC Asian Cup
 Malaysia (H) 320184+46
 Turkmenistan 310235−23
 Bangladesh 300328−60

At the end of 2022, before the start of the 2022 AFC Championship campaign, Malaysia held 2 friendly matches against Cambodia and Maldives,[89] winning 4–0[90] and 3–0 respectively.[91] In the 2022 AFC Championship, Malaysia has won 1–0 against Myanmar with Syihan Hazmi saving a late penalty to secured the win for Malaysia.[92] In the next match, Malaysia went on to thrash Laos 5–0 [93] but lost 0–3 against Vietnam in a controversial match that led to Azam Azmi's red card.[94] Yet, Malaysia has won 4–1 against causeway rivals, Singapore in the last match being the first time Malaysia had won over Singapore at home soil which also sees Malaysia finishing in second place of Group B, thus seeing them automatically qualified to semi-finals match against Thailand.[95] Malaysia won the first leg of the match with Faisal Halim scoring the only goal in the match but in the second leg, Thailand scored twice which see Malaysia failing to enter the final after with a 3–1 aggregate defeat to Thailand.[96] Malaysia ended the year 2022 with astonishing triumphs which see them rose up to 145th in FIFA ranking.[97]

Later in March 2023, Malaysia has won again after defeating Turkmenistan with 1–0[98] and 2–0 against Hong Kong at the Sultan Ibrahim Stadium in Johor.[99] In June 2023, Malaysia has won 4–1 against Solomon Island[100] and yet has biggest victory ever when won 10–0 against Papua New Guinea at the Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin Stadium in Terengganu.[101] Shortly after, Malaysia has rose up again to 137th in the world and 4th in ASEAN in the FIFA World Rankings behind the Philippines (135th), Thailand (113th) and Vietnam (95th), thus this latest ranking is the highest which Harimau Malaya has attained in 17 years.[102]

In September 2023, Malaysia faced the biggest challenge ever when they met Syria and China in Chengdu, China. Malaysia passed the test after coming back from two goals down to manage a 2–2 draw with Syria and 1–1 with China respectively. In October 2023, the Merdeka Tournament was held after a 10-year absence, with Malaysia meeting India and Tajikistan. In the opening match, Malaysia won 4–2 against India in the semi final but later lost to Tajikistan again 0–2 in the final.

Team image

Media coverage

All matches of Malaysia are shown live on Astro Arena (friendlies, World Cup (2nd round only), and Media Prima (Asian Cup qualifiers), RTM (AFF Championship matches (except 2014 season), FIFA World Cup and AFC Asian Cup qualifiers), and (AFF Championship matches for 2014 season only). All matches are broadcast with both English (Astro only) and Malaysian commentary.[103]

Kits

Kit provider Period Ref
none
 1963–1977
England Umbro 1978 [104]
Germany Adidas 1979–2006 [104]
United States Nike 2007–present [105]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Malaysia national football team kits.
2010 AFF Cup Final 2nd leg kit

In 1978, Umbro was the main national team kit sponsor for the team. From 1979 to 2006, the national team kit was manufactured and sponsored by Adidas. Since 2007, the official Malaysia team kit is manufactured by Nike. The home kit design of black and yellow stripes is a throwback to the kit used by Malayan national team in the 1920s. The national team of the 1970s also sported similar stripes, which are supposed to be reminiscent of the stripes of a tiger.

In November 2010, Nike Malaysia created a new football kit specially made for the 2010 AFF Championship. The home kit's design of black and yellow stripes is shaped by a black row of lines. The away kit features a plain blue front and red and white at the edge of the sleeves. Nike used the Malaysian flag as their logo instead of putting the Football Association of Malaysia logo to remembering the team success in the 1970s.[106] On the underside of the flag, the quote "Tanah Tumpahnya Darahku" (The land that I spill my blood for) can be found. The quote is part of the Malaysia National Anthem, alluding that they are doing their best for the country.

The practice of using the flag on the kits ended when Malaysia got a new kit in late 2016. They have the FAM logo on the kits.

Grounds

Home Stadium

Malaysia's home stadium is the Bukit Jalil National Stadium. The stadium capacity is 87,411 (seated)[107] which makes it the ninth largest football stadium in the world. Malaysia's previous national stadium was the Merdeka Stadium before the Bukit Jalil sports complex was constructed. Since the start of 2017, Malaysia has played its home matches in 5 different stadiums all over Malaysia with Kuala Lumpur Stadium second in line to host an international match.

Malaysia national football team home stadiums
Image Stadium Capacity Location Last match
Bukit Jalil National Stadium 87,500 Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur v   Kyrgyzstan
(16 November 2023; 2026 FIFA WC Qualifiers)
Kuala Lumpur Stadium 18,000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur v   Maldives
(14 December 2022; Friendly)
Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin Stadium 50,000 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu v   Papua New Guinea
(20 June 2023; Friendly)
Sultan Ibrahim Stadium 40,000 Iskandar Puteri, Johor v   Hong Kong
(28 March 2023; Friendly)

Training ground

Wisma FAM is the main headquarters for the Football Association of Malaysia which located at Kelana Jaya, Selangor. The training facility for the Malaysia national football team is also located at the Wisma FAM. Others than that, it also serves as a meeting point for the coaches and national players. Also equipped with a room for press statement and small apartment rooms available for the national players during the training camp. Sometimes, ticket matches also sold on this training facility.

Supporters

A part of the action from Ultras Malaya during the 2014 AFF Championship second leg final match between Malaysia and Thailand. Thailand won the competition.

Ultras Malaya is the name of the major supporters for the national team in Malaysia. They are known for their high fanaticism and support towards the national team. In every international match the national team played, they are found in a group standing at the supporters area. The main colours for these supporter are usually in black with a yellow scarf and banners just like the national team kits colours. These supporters always bring flares, drums and large national flags to the stadiums.[108]

Sponsorship

According to the website of Football Association of Malaysia, Malaysia main sponsors include Bank Islam, Malaysia Airlines, Nike, Telekom Malaysia, 100plus, Extra Joss, KN, Wonda Coffee, Origina, Sanctband Active, Milo and Kronos with the association also establish social responsibilities partners with One Goal and Malaysian Conservation Alliance for Tigers (MYCAT).[109]

Rivalries

Malaysia has rivalries with Indonesia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam. These rivalries are rooted in geographical closeness.

Opponent GP W D* L GF GA GD Win % Details
 Thailand 115 43 36 36 163 154 +9 037.39
 Indonesia 99 38 21 40 108 122 −14 038.38 Matches
 Vietnam 23 5 3 15 15 20 −5 021.74
 South Vietnam 13 7 3 3 27 15 +12 053.85
 Philippines 15 11 3 1 59 3 +56 073.33
 Singapore 50 20 16 14 79 54 +25 040.00
 Myanmar 52 25 8 19 90 67 +23 048.08

Indonesia

Indonesia is Malaysia's most heated rival and matches between two teams usually draw large supporters alike. The rivalry traces its background from the infamous Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation in 1963. Due to the strong nationalist sentiments in both sides, the rivalry has always been taken with high priority and safety concern avid among players and fans.[110]

Singapore

A part of the action from Ultras Malaya during the 2014 FIFA World Cup qualification match between Malaysia and Singapore.

Malaysia has rivalries with Singapore known as the "Causeway Derby" or mononymously "Harimau lawan Singa". The Singapore-Malaysia derby used to be the highlight of the football calendar on both sides of the Causeway. When football fever for these two national teams was at its peak in the 1980s and early 1990s, queueing overnight for tickets was not uncommon where the rivalry lays dormant for a number of years. After Singapore advanced to the third round of 2014 FIFA World Cup qualifiers 6–4 on aggregate, an online war broke out among its supporters. Malaysian fans, incensed by what they felt was the Lions' time-wasting tactics during the second leg of the second-round qualifier in Bukit Jalil, created a Facebook page mocking the Singapore national side. A group of Malaysian Ultras burnt signs of Singapore currency, and booed when Singapore's national anthem was played in the second leg at the Shah Alam Stadium in 2012. Malaysia ended Singapore's 10-match unbeaten streak in their head-to-head record spanning eight years, beating their old rivals 2–0, as the highlights below show. Their rivalry is mostly rekindled only when it comes to the AFF Championship, and is also less heated than Malaysia's rivalry with Indonesia.[111]

Thailand

Thailand is Malaysia's other traditional rival, with matches between two teams also draw large supporters alike. Malaysia holds a significant distinction for being undefeated at home to Thailand since the 1971, as well as having a better head-to-head record with 41 wins, 35 draws and 35 losses.[112]

Results and fixtures

The following is a list of match results in the last 12 months, as well as any future matches that have been scheduled.

  Win   Draw   Loss   Fixture

2023

23 March Friendly Malaysia 1–0  Turkmenistan Johor, Malaysia
20:30 UTC+8
  • Akhyar 28'
 Report Stadium: Sultan Ibrahim Stadium
Attendance: 5,104
Referee: Ahmad A'Qashah (Singapore)
28 March Friendly Malaysia 2–0  Hong Kong Johor, Malaysia
22:00 UTC+8
Report Stadium: Sultan Ibrahim Stadium
Attendance: 4,593
Referee: Mongkolchai Pechsri (Thailand)
14 June Friendly Malaysia  4–1  Solomon Islands Terengganu, Malaysia
21:00 UTC+8
Report (WFT)
Report (SB.com)		 Lea'i 11' Stadium: Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin Stadium
Attendance: 12,265
Referee: Ngô Duy Lân (Vietnam)
20 June Friendly Malaysia  10–0  Papua New Guinea Terengganu, Malaysia
21:00 UTC+8
Report (WFT)
Report (BH.com)		 Stadium: Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin Stadium
Attendance: 9,592
Referee: Yudi Nurcahya (Indonesia)
6 September Friendly Syria  2–2  Malaysia Chengdu, China
17:00 UTC+8
Report
(Scoop)
Report
ESPN (UK)
Stadium: East-Town Football Park Stadium
Referee: Shen Yinhao (China)
9 September Friendly China  1–1  Malaysia Chengdu, China
19:35 UTC+8
Report
(Xinhua)
Report
ESPN (UK)
Stadium: Phoenix Hill Sports Park Football Stadium
Attendance: 26,138
Referee: Abdulhadi Al-Ruaile (Qatar)
13 October 2023 Merdeka Tournament SF Malaysia  4–2  India Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
21:00 UTC+8
Report
(Olympics.com)
Report
ESPN (UK)
Stadium: Bukit Jalil National Stadium
Attendance: 46,150
Referee: Mongkolchai Pechsri (Thailand)
17 October 2023 Merdeka Tournament F Malaysia  0–2  Tajikistan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
21:00 UTC+8 Report
(TheStar)
Report
ESPN (UK)
Stadium: Bukit Jalil National Stadium
Attendance: 36,558
Referee: Hoàng Ngọc Hà (Vietnam)
16 November 2026 WCQ / 2027 ACQ Malaysia  4–3  Kyrgyzstan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
21:00 UTC+8
Report
Stadium: Bukit Jalil National Stadium
Attendance: 17,142
Referee: Ammar Mahfoodh (Bahrain)
21 November 2026 WCQ / 2027 ACQ Chinese Taipei  0–1  Malaysia Taipei, Taiwan
19:00 UTC+8 Report D. Lok 72' Stadium: Taipei Municipal Stadium
Attendance: 9,521
Referee: Majed Al-Shamrani (Saudi Arabia)

2024

8 January Friendly Training Syria  2–2  Malaysia Doha, Qatar
20:30 UTC+3
Report
Stadium: Grand Hamad Stadium
15 January Asian Cup GS Malaysia  0–4  Jordan Al Wakrah, Qatar
1:30 UTC+8 Report
Stadium: Al Janoub Stadium
Attendance: 20,410
Referee: Mohammed Abdulla Hassan Mohamed (United Arab Emirates)

Coaching staff

As of 23 February 2022
Malaysia national football team coaching staff
Roles Names Appointment date
Head coach South Korea Kim Pan-Gon 21 Jan 2022
Assistant CoachSpain Pau Martí Vicente 17 Feb 2022
South Korea Park Bo-bae 17 Feb 2022
Malaysia E. Elavarasan 17 Feb 2022
Goalkeeping Coach South Korea Cho Jun-ho 17 Feb 2022
Physical Coach South Korea Park Ji-hyeon 1 Nov 2022
Performance Analyst

South Korea Lim Jae-hun

 17 Feb 2022
South Korea Lee Je-yoon 1 Sep 2022

Source:[113]

Malaysia national football team management and supporting staff
Roles Names Appointment date
Physiotherapist

Malaysia S. Sivanasvaran
Malaysia Harris Zafran
Team Doctor Malaysia Zaidi Salleh
Masseuer

Malaysia Zahari Mazlan
Malaysia Ramzi Zaini
Nutritionist Malaysia Ku Ahmad Azmeel Ku Muhseen
Kitman

Malaysia Herman Pelani
Malaysia Suhardi Usop
Media Officer Malaysia Wan Mohd Fakhrul Anwar Wan Bakar
Team Administrator Malaysia Steven Paul Windsor
Security Officer Malaysia Hasni Hussin
Photographer Malaysia Jamie Nazmi

Coaching record

As of 21 November 2023

Players

Current squad

The following 26 players were called up for the Asian Cup 2023.[114]

Caps and goals correct as of 21 November 2023, after the match against  Chinese Taipei.

No. Pos. Player Date of birth (age) Caps Goals Club
1 1GK Azri Ghani (1999-04-30) 30 April 1999 0 0 Malaysia Kuala Lumpur City
16 1GK Syihan Hazmi (1996-02-22) 22 February 1996 18 0 Malaysia Johor Darul Ta'zim
23 1GK Sikh Izhan (2002-03-22) 22 March 2002 1 0 Malaysia Negeri Sembilan
2 2DF Matthew Davies (captain) (1995-02-07) 7 February 1995 47 0 Malaysia Johor Darul Ta'zim
3 2DF Shahrul Saad (1993-07-08) 8 July 1993 54 5 Malaysia Johor Darul Ta'zim
4 2DF Daniel Ting (1992-12-01) 1 December 1992 4 1 Malaysia Sabah
5 2DF Syahmi Safari (1998-02-05) 5 February 1998 26 1 Malaysia Johor Darul Ta'zim
6 2DF Dominic Tan (1997-03-12) 12 March 1997 24 0 Malaysia Sabah
15 2DF Junior Eldstål (1991-09-16) 16 September 1991 21 0 Indonesia Dewa United
21 2DF Dion Cools (1996-06-04) 4 June 1996 21 4 Thailand Buriram United
22 2DF La'Vere Corbin-Ong (1991-04-22) 22 April 1991 31 4 Malaysia Johor Darul Ta'zim
25 2DF Khuzaimi Piee (1993-11-11) 11 November 1993 9 0 Malaysia Selangor
8 3MF Stuart Wilkin (1998-03-12) 12 March 1998 16 4 Malaysia Sabah
10 3MF Endrick (1995-03-07) 7 March 1995 9 0 Malaysia Johor Darul Ta'zim
14 3MF Syamer Kutty Abba (1997-10-01) 1 October 1997 32 1 Malaysia Johor Darul Ta'zim
17 3MF Paulo Josué (1989-03-13) 13 March 1989 8 4 Malaysia Kuala Lumpur City
18 3MF Brendan Gan (1988-06-03) 3 June 1988 34 1 Malaysia Selangor
20 3MF Afiq Fazail (1994-09-29) 29 September 1994 5 0 Malaysia Johor Darul Ta'zim
24 3MF Natxo Insa (1986-06-09) 9 June 1986 1 0 Malaysia Johor Darul Ta'zim
7 4FW Faisal Halim (1998-01-07) 7 January 1998 29 14 Malaysia Selangor
9 4FW Darren Lok (1990-12-14) 14 December 1990 30 6 Malaysia Sabah
11 4FW Safawi Rasid (1997-03-05) 5 March 1997 58 20 Malaysia Terengganu
12 4FW Arif Aiman Hanapi (2002-05-04) 4 May 2002 23 6 Malaysia Johor Darul Ta'zim
13 4FW Mohamadou Sumareh (1994-09-20) 20 September 1994 31 7 Malaysia Johor Darul Ta'zim
19 4FW Akhyar Rashid (1999-05-01) 1 May 1999 46 10 Malaysia Johor Darul Ta'zim
26 4FW Romel Morales (1997-08-23) 23 August 1997 0 0 Malaysia Kuala Lumpur City

Recent call-ups

The following players have been called up for the team within the last 12 months and are still available for selection.

Pos. Player Date of birth (age) Caps Goals Club Latest call-up
GK Kalamullah Al-Hafiz (1995-07-30) 30 July 1995 1 0 Malaysia Kedah Darul Aman v. China, 9 Sept 2023
GK Rahadiazli Rahalim (2001-05-28) 28 May 2001 1 0 Malaysia Terengganu 2022 AFF Championship
GK Damien Lim (1997-02-15) 15 February 1997 0 0 Malaysia Sabah v. China, 9 Sept 2023
DF Sharul Nazeem (1999-11-16) 16 November 1999 8 0 Malaysia Selangor v. Chinese Taipei, 21 Nov 2023
DF Azam Azmi (2001-02-12) 12 February 2001 9 0 Malaysia Terengganu 2026 FIFA World Cup qualificationINJ
DF Quentin Cheng (1999-11-20) 20 November 1999 4 0 Malaysia Selangor 2023 Merdeka Tournament
DF Feroz Baharudin (2000-04-02) 2 April 2000 2 0 Malaysia Johor Darul Ta'zim v. Papua New Guinea, 20 June 2023
DF Fazly Mazlan (1993-12-22) 22 December 1993 19 0 Malaysia Selangor 2022 AFF Championship
DF Ruventhiran Vengadesan (2001-08-24) 24 August 2001 9 0 Malaysia Selangor 2022 AFF Championship
MF Nooa Laine (2002-11-22) 22 November 2002 4 0 Finland SJK v. Chinese Taipei, 21 Nov 2023
MF Mukhairi Ajmal (2001-11-07) 7 November 2001 13 0 Malaysia Selangor v. Chinese Taipei, 21 Nov 2023
MF Nor Azam Azih (1995-01-03) 3 January 1995 23 0 Malaysia Sri Pahang v. China, 9 Sept 2023
MF Lee Tuck (1988-06-30) 30 June 1988 9 3 England Halifax Town v. Papua New Guinea, 20 June 2023RET
MF David Rowley (1990-02-06) 6 February 1990 5 0 Malaysia Sri Pahang 2022 AFF Championship
MF Hong Wan (2000-08-17) 17 August 2000 0 0 Malaysia Johor Darul Ta'zim v. China, 9 Sept 2023INJ
FW Shamie Iszuan (1995-09-10) 10 September 1995 4 0 Malaysia Pahang 2023 Merdeka Tournament
FW Ezequiel Agüero (1994-04-07) 7 April 1994 10 2 Malaysia Pahang 2023 Merdeka Tournament
FW Shahrel Fikri (1994-10-17) 17 October 1994 20 5 Malaysia Negeri Sembilan v. Papua New Guinea, 20 June 2023
FW Syafiq Ahmad (1995-06-28) 28 June 1995 37 10 Malaysia Johor Darul Ta'zim v. Hong Kong, 28 March 2023
FW Fayadh Zulkifli (1998-09-13) 13 September 1998 3 0 Malaysia Kedah Darul Aman v. Hong Kong, 28 March 2023
FW Haqimi Azim (2003-01-06) 6 January 2003 4 1 Malaysia Kuala Lumpur City 2022 AFF Championship
Notes
  • INJ = Player withdrew from the current squad due to injury.
  • PRE = Preliminary squad.
  • RET = Player has retired from national team.
  • WD = Player withdrew from the current squad due to non-injury issue.

Player records

As of 13 October 2023[115]
Players in bold are still active with Malaysia.
This list does not include players who represented Malaya (1948–1962).

Most appearances

Soh Chin Ann is Malaysia's most capped player with 195 appearances.
Rank Player Caps Goals Career
1Soh Chin Ann195131969–1984
2Shukor Salleh17251970–1981
3Mokhtar Dahari142891972–1985
Arumugam Rengasamy14201973–1986
5Zainal Abidin Hassan129501980–1997
6Chandran Mutveeran12221965–1974
7Santokh Singh11971973–1984
8Aidil Zafuan9832007–2022
9Namat Abdullah9571968–1975
10Ahmad Yusof9261981–1993

Top goalscorers

Mokhtar Dahari is Malaysia's top scorer with 89 goals.
Rank Player Goals Caps Ratio Career
1Mokhtar Dahari891420.631972–1985
2Zainal Abidin Hassan Ali501290.391980–1997
3Isa Bakar45690.681974–1981
4Shaharuddin Abdullah39700.561967–1974
5Dollah Salleh33810.411985–1996
6James Wong23360.641972–1981
Safee Sali23760.32006–2017
8Thanabalan Nadarajah20460.431964–1969
Safawi Rasid20580.342016–present
Wong Choon Wah20880.231968–1977

Competitive record

  Champion    Runners-up    Third place     Fourth place  

FIFA World Cup

[[FIFA World Cup|FIFA World Cup finals]] record [[FIFA World Cup qualification|Qualification]] record
Year Round Position Pld W D* L GF GA Round Pld W D L GF GA
Uruguay 1930 See Malaya national football team 1 See Malaya national football team 1
Italy 1934
France 1938
Brazil 1950
Switzerland 1954
Sweden 1958
Chile 1962
England 1966 Did not enter Did not enter
Mexico 1970
West Germany 1974 Did not qualify Round 1 4 1 1 2 2 4
Argentina 1978 Round 1 4 1 2 1 7 6
Spain 1982 Round 1 3 0 1 2 3 8
Mexico 1986 Round 1 4 2 1 1 6 2
Italy 1990 Round 1 6 3 1 2 8 8
United States 1994 Round 1 6 2 2 2 16 7
France 1998 Round 1 6 3 2 1 5 3
South Korea Japan 2002 Round 1 6 2 1 3 8 11
Germany 2006 Round 2 6 0 0 6 2 18
South Africa 2010 Round 1 2 0 1 1 1 4
Brazil 2014 Round 2 4 1 1 2 8 10
Russia 2018 Round 2 8 1 1 6 3 30
Qatar 2022 Round 2 10 6 0 4 22 14
Canada Mexico United States 2026 To be determined TBD 2 2 0 0 5 3
Morocco Portugal Spain 2030 To be determined
Saudi Arabia 2034
Total N/A 0/25 0 0 0 0 0 0 Best: Round 2 70 23 14 33 95 128

Olympic Games

[[Football at the Summer Olympics|Olympic Games]] record Qualification record
Year Round Position Pld W D* L GF GA Round Pld W D L GF GA
United Kingdom 1948 See Malaya national football team 1 See Malaya national football team 1
Finland 1952
Australia 1956
Italy 1960
West Germany 1972 Round 1 10th of 16 3 1 0 2 3 9 Group stage Q 4 4 0 0 12 0
Canada 1976 Did not qualify Group stage 4 2 0 2 17 5
Soviet Union 1980 Withdrew BGroup stage Q 5 4 1 0 21 3
United States 1984 Did not qualify Final stage 12 6 3 3 16 10
South Korea 1988 Group stage 2 0 1 1 2 3
Spain 1992 – present See Malaysia under-23 football team 2 See Malaysia under-23 football team 2
Total Appearance: 1 Best: 10th 3 1 0 2 3 9 Best: Final stage 27 16 5 6 68 21

AFC Asian Cup

[[AFC Asian Cup|AFC Asian Cup]] record [[AFC Asian Cup qualifiers|Qualification]] record
Year Round Position Pld W D* L GF GA Round Pld W D L GF GA
Hong Kong 1956 See Malaya national football team 1 See Malaya national football team 1
South Korea 1960
Israel 1964 Did not qualify Group stage 3 1 0 2 9 10
Iran 1968 Group stage 4 1 1 2 4 5
Thailand 1972 Group stage 5 4 0 1 15 3
Iran 1976 Group stage 5th of 6 2 0 1 1 1 3 Group stage Q 4 3 1 0 6 1
Kuwait 1980 Group stage 6th of 10 4 1 2 1 5 5 Group stage Q 5 2 2 1 8 4
Singapore 1984 Did not qualify Group stage 4 2 1 1 10 3
Qatar 1988 Group stage 4 1 1 2 4 6
Japan 1992 Group stage 3 0 2 1 2 6
United Arab Emirates 1996 Group stage 2 1 1 0 5 2
Lebanon 2000 Group stage 6 2 1 3 12 13
China 2004 Group stage 6 1 2 3 9 12
Indonesia Malaysia Thailand Vietnam 2007 Group stage 16th of 16 3 0 0 3 1 12 Qualified as co-hosts
Qatar 2011 Did not qualify Group stage 4 0 0 4 2 12
Australia 2015 Group stage 6 2 1 3 5 7
United Arab Emirates 2019 Third round 14 1 2 11 8 45
Qatar 2023 Qualified Third round 13 8 0 5 30 18
Saudi Arabia 2027To be determined To be determined
Total Appearances: 3 Best: 5th 9 1 3 5 7 20 Best: Third round 82 29 15 38 129 147

AFF Championship

Asian Games

Southeast Asian Games

  • * : Denotes draws include knockout matches decided via penalty shoot-out.
  • 1 : Represented in the competition by Malaya national football team.
  • 2 : Represented in the competition by Malaysia national under-23 football team.
  • 3 : Not a FIFA 'A' international competition.
  • 4 : Represented in the competition by Malaysia national under-22 football team.
  • 5 : Previously known as Southeast Asian Peninsular Games (SEAP Games).
  • B : Qualified to the final round, but boycotted the tournament.
  • C : These matches are not regarded as part of the national team's record, nor are caps awarded.
  • Q : Qualified to the final round of participating tournament
  • S : Shared the medal

Notes:

  • Red border colour indicates tournament was held on home soil

Head-to-head record

Last update was against   Jordan on 15 January 2024.

FIFA ranking

Last update was on 30 November 2023. Source:[116]

  Worst Ranking    Best Ranking    Worst Mover    Best Mover  

Malaysia's FIFA world rankings
Rank Year Games
Played		 Won Draw Lost Best Worst
Rank Move Rank Move
130202313922 130Increase +15137Decrease –3
145202214923 145Increase +9154Steady 0
154202110307 153Increase +1155Decrease –1
15320200000 153Increase +1154Steady 0
154201913904 154Increase +9168Decrease –1
 178201817845 167Increase +12178Decrease –4
17420178026 155Increase +4174Decrease –12
161201614545 156Increase +9174Decrease –8
170201511236 153Increase +4171Decrease –11
154201415537 141Increase +9156Decrease –8
154201311119 154Increase +4164Decrease –5
158201217665 148Increase +5163Decrease –6
148201110334 138Increase +7155Decrease –6
144201010424 139Increase +3159Decrease –5
160200912435 150Increase +5163Decrease –8
156200813634 151Increase +9170Decrease –6
159200713337 149Increase +7166Decrease –7
15220067133 124Increase +1153Decrease –19
12320057214 111Increase +6123Decrease –7
120200416709 114Increase +4122Decrease –4
11620037133 99Increase +21119Decrease –11
128200211335 111Increase +1128Decrease –6
11120019315 105Increase +3111Decrease –3
1072000201037 104Increase +8117Decrease –3
11719998404 113Increase +2118Decrease –3
11319984022 88Increase +3113Decrease –11
87199714635 84Increase +1397Decrease –3
 9619968431 91Increase +21112Decrease –10
 10619956213 94Increase +14117Decrease –23
8919945113 84Increase +895Decrease –6
 75199311434 75Increase +1679Decrease –2
Notes
  • Table above is a list of all FIFA 'A' international matches Malaysia have played against FIFA recognised teams.[117][118][119][120]

Honours and achievements

Continental

Asian Games
Honours Years Head coach Team
Bronze medal 1974 Malaysia Jalil Che Din Squad

Regional

Summary

Overview
Event 1st place 2nd place 3rd place 4th place
FIFA World Cup 0 0 0 0
Summer Olympic Games 0 0 0 0
AFC Asian Cup 0 0 0 0
Asian Games 0 0 1 0
AFF Cup 1 3 3 1
SEA Games 3 4 4 1
Total 4 7 8 2

Exhibition tournaments

  • Winners (1): 1971
  • Runners-up (3): 1965, 1966, 1973
  • Winners (1): 1970
  • Runners-up (1): 1975
  • Third-place (1): 1977*
  • Winners (1): 1992
  • Runners-up (2): 1986, 1990
  • AirMarine Cup
  • Third-place (1): 2019
  • Tri-Nations Series
  • Runners-up (1): 2022
*trophy shared

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Malaysia national football team.

Notes

  1. ↑ Result count since after the Federation of Malaysia formation on 16 September 1963.[4]
  2. ↑ Earned Malaysian nationality after Malaysia formed on 16 September 1963. Became Singaporean after Singapore separation from Malaysia in 1965.

References

  1. 1 2 Mamrud, Roberto (30 June 2021). "Soh Chin Ann– Double Century of International Appearances". Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation. Archived from the original on 22 April 2022. Retrieved 30 June 2021.
  2. 1 2 Mamrud, Roberto (18 March 2021). "Mohamed Mokhtar Dahari – Century of International Appearances". Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation. Archived from the original on 18 June 2021. Retrieved 18 March 2021.
  3. ↑ "The FIFA/Coca-Cola World Ranking". FIFA. 21 December 2023. Retrieved 21 December 2023.
  4. ↑ "Malaysia matches, ratings and points exchanged". World Football Elo Ratings: Malaysia. Archived from the original on 22 November 2023. Retrieved 24 November 2016.
  5. ↑ Neil, Morrison (20 January 2012). "Asian Games 1974 (Iran)". Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation. Retrieved 23 November 2023.
  6. ↑ Saha Roy, Shilarze (13 February 2023). "Malaysian football: Tracing the roots of indomitable 'Harimau Malaya'". FIFA. Archived from the original on 21 March 2023. Retrieved 26 March 2023.
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  11. ↑ Azharie, Farah (30 June 2020). "FAM searching for 'heritage' players abroad". New Straits Times. Archived from the original on 27 September 2020. Retrieved 19 November 2023.
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  37. ↑ Hong Kwang, P'ng (8 June 1977). "FAM now look East for fresh soccer talent". The Straits Times. p. 23. Archived from the original on 10 April 2016. Retrieved 29 March 2016 – via National Library Board, Singapore.
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