1974 Malaysian general election

1974 Malaysian general election
	24 August – 14 September 1974
All 154 seats in the Dewan Rakyat; 78 seats needed for a majority
Registered	4,017,266
Turnout	75.00%
	Results by constituency.
Prime Minister before election; Abdul Razak Hussein; BN	Prime Minister-designate ; Abdul Razak Hussein; BN

General elections were held in Malaysia between Saturday, 24 August and Saturday, 14 September 1974.^[2] Voting took place in all 154 parliamentary constituencies of Malaysia, each electing one Member of Parliament to the Dewan Rakyat, the dominant house of Parliament. State elections also took place in 360 state constituencies (except Sabah) on the same day. The elections were the first and only general elections for Tun Abdul Razak as Prime Minister following his appointment to the position in 1970. They were also the first general elections for Barisan Nasional (BN), a new political alliance replacing the Alliance Party; with the Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS), Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia (PGRM) and the People's Progressive Party (PPP) joining the parties from the old Alliance.

Once Parliament had been dissolved on 31 July 1974, the Election Commission fixed 8 August 1974, as Nomination Day and 24 August 1974, as Polling Day. Candidates were returned unopposed in 47 constituencies. The 1,060,871 electors from these constituencies therefore did not cast ballots. Another 88 Front members were later successful, thus enabling their alliance to gain an overwhelming majority in the House. This result was a victory for Barisan Nasional which won 135 of the 154 seats. 10 additional Parliament seats was created in the Peninsular Malaysia in 1974.

Results


Party or alliance				Votes	%	Seats	+/–
	Barisan Nasional		United Malays National Organisation	1,287,400	60.81	62	+10
			Malaysian Chinese Association			19	+6
			Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party			13	+1
			United Sabah National Organisation			13	0
			Parti Pesaka Bumiputera Bersatu			8	New
			Sarawak United Peoples' Party			7	+2
			Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia			5	–3
			Malaysian Indian Congress			4	+2
			Sabah Chinese Association			3	0
			People's Progressive Party			1	–3
		Total				135	+14
	Democratic Action Party			387,845	18.32	9	–4
	Sarawak National Party			117,566	5.55	9	0
	Malaysian Social Justice Party			105,718	4.99	1	New
	Parti Sosialis Rakyat Malaysia			84,206	3.98	0	0
	Homeland Consciousness Union			8,623	0.41	0	New
	Independent People's Progressive Party			1,356	0.06	0	New
	Independents			124,202	5.87	0	–1
Total				2,116,916	100.00	154	+10

Valid votes				2,116,916	95.48
Invalid/blank votes				100,269	4.52
Total votes				2,217,185	100.00
Registered voters/turnout				2,956,395	75.00
Source: Nohlen et al., IPU

By state

Johore


Party or alliance				Seats
	Barisan Nasional		United Malays National Organisation	11
			Malaysian Chinese Association	5
		Total		16
Total				16

Kedah


Party or alliance				Seats	+/–
	Barisan Nasional		United Malays National Organisation	8	+1
			Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party	3	0
			Malaysian Chinese Association	2	0
		Total		13	0
Total				13	+1

Kelantan


Party or alliance				Seats	+/–
	Barisan Nasional		Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party	7	+1
			United Malays National Organisation	5	+1
		Total		12	+2
	Parti Sosialis Rakyat Malaysia			0	0
	Independents			0	0
Total				12	+2

Kuala Lumpur


Party		Seats
	Barisan Nasional	2
	Democratic Action Party	2
	Malaysian Social Justice Party	1
Total		5

Malacca


Party or alliance				Seats
	Barisan Nasional		United Malays National Organisation	2
			Malaysian Chinese Association	1
		Total		3
	Democratic Action Party			1
Total				4

Negri Sembilan


Party or alliance				Seats	+/–
	Barisan Nasional		United Malays National Organisation	3	0
			Malaysian Chinese Association	1	+1
			Malaysian Indian Congress	1	+1
		Total		5	+2
	Democratic Action Party			1	–2
Total				6	0

Pahang


Party or alliance				Seats	+/–
	Barisan Nasional		United Malays National Organisation	7	+2
			Malaysian Chinese Association	1	0
		Total		8	+2
	Parti Sosialis Rakyat Malaysia			0	0
Total				8	+2

Penang


Party or alliance				Votes	%	Seats	+/–
	Barisan Nasional		Malaysian Chinese Association	46,226	22.15	3	+2
			Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia	42,792	20.51	3	–2
			United Malays National Organisation	28,331	13.58	3	+2
		Total		117,349	56.24	9	+2
	Democratic Action Party			51,025	24.45	0	–1
	Malaysian Social Justice Party			26,640	12.77	0	New
	Parti Sosialis Rakyat Malaysia			12,409	5.95	0	0
	Homeland Consciousness Union			1,235	0.59	0	New
Total				208,658	100.00	9	+1

Registered voters/turnout				271,133	–

Perak


Party or alliance				Seats	+/–
	Barisan Nasional		United Malays National Organisation	11	+4
			Malaysian Chinese Association	2	+1
			Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia	2	+1
			Malaysian Indian Congress	1	0
			People's Progressive Party	1	–3
			Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party	1	0
		Total		17	+3
	Democratic Action Party			4	–1
Total				22	+1

Perlis


Party or alliance				Seats	+/–
	Barisan Nasional		United Malays National Organisation	2	0
Total				2	0

Sabah


Party or alliance				Votes	%	Seats	+/–
	Barisan Nasional		United Sabah National Organisation	6,468	60.85	13	0
			Sabah Chinese Association			3	0
		Total				16	0
	Malaysian Social Justice Party			4,162	39.15	0	New
Total				10,630	100.00	16	0

Valid votes				10,630	96.03
Invalid/blank votes				439	3.97
Total votes				11,069	100.00
Registered voters/turnout				14,242	77.72

Sarawak


Party or alliance				Votes	%	Seats	+/–
	Barisan Nasional		Parti Pesaka Bumiputera Bersatu	83,722	31.26	9	New
			Sarawak United Peoples' Party	64,235	23.99	6	+1
		Total		147,957	55.25	15	+1
	Sarawak National Party			117,503	43.88	9	0
	Independents			2,322	0.87	0	–1
Total				267,782	100.00	24	0

Selangor


Party or alliance				Seats	+/–
	Barisan Nasional		United Malays National Organisation	5	–1
			Malaysian Chinese Association	4	+2
			Malaysian Indian Congress	1	0
		Total		10	+1
	Democratic Action Party			1	–2
Total				11	–3

Trengganu


Party or alliance				Seats	+/–
	Barisan Nasional		United Malays National Organisation	4	0
			Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party	3	+1
		Total		7	+1
	Parti Sosialis Rakyat Malaysia			0	0
	Independents			0	0
Total				7	+1

Aftermath

After the election, Sarawak National Party (SNAP) became the largest opposition party in the Malaysian parliament and James Wong was appointed the opposition leader. After 2 months, he was detained under Internal Security Act. Datuk Seri Edmund Langgau Anak Saga from the SNAP party later succeeded him. James Wong was detained for almost two years before negotiation led by Datuk Amar Leo Moggie Anak Irok resulting in SNAP joining the Barisan Nasional.

Notes

↑ Candidates were returned unopposed in 47 constituencies, reducing the number of eligible voters to 2,956,395.^[1]

References

↑ Dieter Nohlen, Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume II, p156 ISBN 0-19-924959-8
↑ Nohlen et al., p152

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[2] Candidates were returned unopposed in 47 constituencies, reducing the number of eligible voters to 2,956,395.^[1]

[1] Dieter Nohlen, Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume II, p156 ISBN 0-19-924959-8

[3] Nohlen et al., p152

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Elections in Malaysia
Federal	1955 1959 1964 1969 1974 1978 1982 1986 1990 1995 1999 2004 2008 2013 2018 2022 Next
State	1954 1955 1959 (Malaya) 1959 (Sarawak) 1963 1964 1967 1969 1971 1974 1976 1978 1979 1981 1982 1983 1985 1986 1987 1990 1991 1994 1995 1996 1999 2001 2004 2006 2008 2011 2013 2016 2018 2020 2021 2022 2023
Local	1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965
See also: Federal by-elections State by-elections Elections in Johor Kedah Kelantan Kuala Lumpur Labuan Malacca Negeri Sembilan Pahang Penang Perak Perlis Putrajaya Sabah Sarawak Selangor Terengganu