Luis Fortuño
Shadow Member of the
U.S. House of Representatives
from Puerto Rico
In office
August 15, 2017 – July 1, 2021
Preceded bySeat established
Succeeded byElizabeth Torres
Governor of Puerto Rico
In office
January 2, 2009 – January 2, 2013
Preceded byAníbal Acevedo Vilá
Succeeded byAlejandro García Padilla
18th Resident Commissioner of Puerto Rico
In office
January 3, 2005 – January 3, 2009
Preceded byAníbal Acevedo Vilá
Succeeded byPedro Pierluisi
1st Secretary of Economic Development and Commerce of Puerto Rico
In office
1994–1996
GovernorPedro Rosselló
Executive Director of the Puerto Rico Tourism Company
In office
1993–1996
Preceded byMiguel Domenech
Personal details
Born
Luis Guillermo Fortuño Burset

(1960-10-31) October 31, 1960
San Juan, Puerto Rico
Political partyNew Progressive
Other political
affiliations		Republican
Spouse
​
(m. 1984)​
Children3
Education

Luis Guillermo Fortuño Burset (born 31 October 1960) is a Puerto Rican politician who served as the governor of Puerto Rico, an unincorporated territory of the United States, from 2009 to 2013.

Fortuño served as the first secretary of economic development and commerce of Puerto Rico (1994–1997), as the executive director of the Puerto Rico Tourism Company (1993–1994), and as the president of the Puerto Rico Hotel Development Corporation during the administration of Pedro Rosselló. In 2004, Fortuño was elected resident commissioner of Puerto Rico, defeating Senator Roberto Prats. As resident commissioner, Fortuño represented Puerto Rico in the United States House of Representatives from 2005 to 2009; during his tenure, he served as Chair of the Congressional Hispanic Conference, as a Member of the newly created United States House Natural Resources Subcommittee on Insular Affairs and as co-chair of the Friends of Spain Caucus.

Fortuño won the 2008 PNP gubernatorial nomination by a wide margin after defeating former governor and then-senator Pedro Rosselló in the primaries. He then won the general election by a comfortable margin, defeating incumbent governor Aníbal Acevedo Vilá. Fortuño has served as president of the New Progressive Party of Puerto Rico (PNP), the Council of State Governments, and the Southern Governors Association.[1] Fortuño sought to be re-elected as governor in the 2012 elections, but was defeated by Alejandro García Padilla by 0.6%.[2]

Early life and family

Fortuño was born in San Juan, Puerto Rico, the son of Luis Fortuño Moscoso, a dentist, and Shirley Burset. He is the eldest of four brothers.[3] Fortuño is of paternal Spanish descent including Catalan and Galician, his great-great grandfather Jaime José Fortuño y Ferrús was from Tarragona. Fortuño also has Corsican lineage from his maternal great-grandfather.[4][5][6]

Education

Fortuño attended Colegio Marista (Marist School) in Guaynabo, graduating in 1978. He then earned a Bachelor of Science degree in diplomacy from the Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service at Georgetown University. In 1985, he received his Juris Doctor[7] degree from the University of Virginia School of Law. During this period, Fortuño was an intern at the Puerto Rico Federal Affairs Administration in Washington, D.C.[8]

While in college, Luis Fortuño co-founded the Puerto Rico Statehood Students Association (PRSSA) with Kenneth McClintock and presided over the organization from 1980 to 1981.[9] During the 1980 gubernatorial election recount, PRSSA generated more than 1,500 absentee ballots at Fortuño's direction for incumbent Governor Carlos Romero Barceló. The generated ballots were an important factor in Romero Barceló's reelection; he won by a slim margin of approximately 3000 votes.[10] Fortuño was also active in other pro-statehood youth organizations and in the Republican Party. He is married to attorney Lucé Vela-Gutierrez; they have triplets, María Luisa, Luis Roberto, and Guillermo (born 1991) who were college students at mainland U.S. universities.[11]

Early career

Fortuño entered public service in 1993 at the start of Governor Pedro Rosselló's administration. He was first appointed executive director of the Puerto Rico Tourism Company and president of Puerto Rico's Hotel Development Corporation (HDC). In 1994, he became Puerto Rico's first secretary of the Puerto Rico Department of Economic Development and Commerce. Fortuño was tasked with the development and implementation of large-scale changes of Puerto Rico's tax, labor, corporate and commercial codes.

Fortuño was named 1996 Man of the Year by Caribbean Business, 1995 Public Servant of the Year by the Marketing Industry and Distribution of Food and Beverage Products Association of Puerto Rico, 1994 Public Servant of the Year by the Puerto Rico Chamber of Commerce, and 1994 Distinguished Executive by the Sales and Marketing Executives Association of Ponce and the Southern Region of Puerto Rico. He served on numerous boards of directors, including the Ana G. Méndez University System and the Puerto Rico Museum of Art. He is a member of the American Law Institute and the Urban Land Institute. In 1996, he served on the Platform Committee at the Republican National Convention, where he was successful in including the support for self-determination and eventual statehood for Puerto Rico in the party platform. Fortuño resigned his cabinet posts after Rosselló's reelection in 1996 and returned to private law practice.

Fortuño was a partner at the San Juan law firm of Correa, Collazo, Herrero, Jiménez & Fortuño, specializing in corporate finance and real estate law. Prior to joining Correa, Collazo, Herrero, Jiménez & Fortuño, he was a partner at McConnell Valdés LLC.

Resident commissioner of Puerto Rico: 2005-2009

2004 campaign

Fortuño decided to seek the New Progressive Party's nomination for the post of resident commissioner of Puerto Rico late in the primary season. He won the November 2003 primaries with 61.28% of votes and defeated former senator Miriam Ramirez de Ferrer (4.26% of votes), former Senate President Charlie Rodriguez (6.29% of votes), and former governor and resident commissioner Carlos Romero Barceló (25.78% of votes). After winning the primary, he picked up momentum within the Republican Party ranks in the U.S. when he received the endorsement of Ed Gillespie, head of the Republican National Committee. Fortuño was the running mate of former governor Rosselló, who returned for a third bid as the PNP's candidate for governor.

In the elections of 2004, Fortuño was victorious (48.5% of votes) over his main rival candidate Roberto Prats (48% of votes) of the Popular Democratic Party (PDP). Fortuño's running mate, Pedro Rosselló, lost his bid for the governor's seat to then resident commissioner Aníbal Acevedo Vilá by less than 4,000 votes. This meant that Fortuño would be the resident commissioner under Governor Acevedo Vilá of the PDP. This was the first time in Puerto Rican history that the governor of Puerto Rico and the resident commissioner were not from the same political party.[12] Fortuño became the first resident commissioner to caucus with the GOP since Puerto Rico gained commonwealth status; the three previous PNP resident commissioners had originally aligned themselves with the Democrats.

Tenure

Luis Fortuño meets with mayors from across the island of Puerto Rico in his congressional office (2006)

Upon the commencement of the 109th Congress, Fortuño was elected by his colleagues to serve as vice-president of the House Republican freshman class. He served as vice-chair of the Congressional Hispanic Conference during the 109th Congress and as chair during the 110th Congress. Fortuño was co-chair of the Congressional Friends of Spain, part of the Hispanic Conference Caucus. House Resources Committee Ranking Member Don Young appointed him in January 2007 as the Republican minority's ranking member in the Subcommittee on Insular Affairs for the 110th Congress. Fortuño cosponsored the Puerto Rico Democracy Act of 2007, which would give Puerto Ricans the option to become a US state or sovereign state. In October, 2007, Fortuño filed legislation, along with Representative Dana Rohrabacher (R-CA) to assure the continued operation of the Arecibo Radiotelescope.

Fortuño was re-elected by the Republican Party of Puerto Rico's General Assembly to continue serving as National Committeeman, a position he has held since 2001. He won reelection as National Committeeman in the GOP convention held on 20 May 2007 in Yauco, Puerto Rico.

In 2007, Fortuño joined Representative José Serrano (D-NY) and 128 other co-sponsors in filing HR 900, the Puerto Rico Democracy Act, to establish a self-determination process leading to political status change for Puerto Rico. The bill was amended and approved in a voice vote by the House's Committee on Resources on 23 October, a major victory for Fortuño. However, as other political status bills in the past, the measure never made it to the President for his signature.

Governor of Puerto Rico: 2009-2013

2008 election

A poll taken before Fortuño Burset announced his gubernatorial bid in February 2007 suggests he is the most well-liked public figure in the PNP. The poll, taken by Gaither International at the request of Caribbean Business newspaper, indicated that Governor Aníbal Acevedo Vilá, Fortuño's likely opponent, would fare badly in the general election. Another poll released in May 2007 and taken by Kaagan Research Associates, Inc. at the request of El Nuevo Día, a major circulation newspaper, showed Fortuño with a 46% to 25% advantage over incumbent Governor Acevedo Vilá. On 16 May 2007 poll also showed Fortuño winning a primary election against Pedro Rosselló 49% to 37%.

On 19 February 2007, Fortuño announced his candidacy for Governor of Puerto Rico for the 2008 general election. He faced former 2004 running mate and former governor Pedro Juan Rosselló González in an PNP primary on 9 March 2008 which he won by a 60% to 40% margin.

On 18 May 2007 Fortuño announced that former attorney general Pedro Pierluisi Urrutia would be his running mate and run for Fortuño's current office of resident commissioner of Puerto Rico. Pierluisi Urrutia was a classmate at Colegio Marista, a fellow member of the Puerto Rico Statehood Students Association and also a fellow cabinet member of Fortuño's during former governor Rosselló's first term from 1993 to 1996.

On 9 March 2008, Fortuño easily defeated Rosselló at the PNP primaries[13] and became the new president of the PNP and its official candidate for governor.[14] Fortuño won the candidacy by obtaining nearly 60% of primary votes. Fortuño's running mate and now official candidate for resident commissioner, Pedro Pierluisi, also won his primary.[14]

On 4 November 2008, Fortuño became the ninth governor-elect of Puerto Rico by popular election winning by over 220,000 votes, the largest victory margin in 44 years and giving the New Progressive Party its largest victory in history. Also he became the second governor to get more than a million votes, after Pedro Rosselló's reelection in 1996.[15] Accompanied with his victory, the party gained control of the legislature by historic margins and the majority of mayoralties, and with it the power to name 3 Supreme Court judges that for the first time in history would give PNP appointees a majority on the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico. With this win, Fortuño would have the opportunity to name various fixed-term posts, including the comptroller, the ombudsman and the director of the Government Ethics Office.

The Fortuño Cabinet
OFFICENAMETERM
GovernorLuis G. Fortuño2009–2013
Secretary of StateKenneth McClintock[16][17]2009–2013
JusticeAntonio Sagardía2009
Guillermo Somoza2010–2013
TreasuryJuan Carlos Puig2009–2011
Jesús F. Méndez2011–2012
Harry Márquez2012-2013
EducationCarlos A. Chardón2009
Odette Piñeiro2009–2010
Jesús Rivera Sánchez2010–2011
Edward Moreno2011–2013
LaborMiguel Romero2009–2012
Elvira M. Cancio (Acting)15 August 2012 – 2 January 2013
TransportationRubén Hernández Gregorat2009–2013
Economic DevelopmentJosé Ramón Perez-Riera2009–2013
HealthJaime Rivera Dueño2009
Iván González Cancel2009
Lorenzo González2009–2013
AgricultureJavier Rivera Aquino2009–2012
Neftalí Soto2012–2013
FamilyMiguel Maldonado2009
Yanitzia Irizarry2009–2013
CorrectionsCarlos Molina2009–2011
Jesús González2011–2013
Consumer AffairsLuis G. Rivera Marín2009–2012
Omar Marrero2012-2013
HousingYesef Cordero2009–2010
Miguel Hernández-Vivoni2010–2013
Natural ResourcesDaniel Galán Kercadó2009–2013
Sports and RecreationHenry Neumann2009–2013
Chief of StaffJuan Carlos Blanco2009
Marcos Rodríguez Ema[18]2009–31 August 2012
Miguel Romero1 Sept. 2012 – 2 Jan. 2013
OMBMaría Sánchez Bras2009–2011
Juan Carlos Pavía-Vidal2011–2013
President of the Government Development Bank of Puerto RicoCarlos M. García2009–2011
Juan Carlos Batlle2011–2013
Inspector GeneralJuan Carlos Puig2011
Ricardo Dalmau2011–2013
PoliceJosé Figueroa Sancha2009–2011
Emilio Díaz Colón2011–2012
Héctor Pesquera2012
Associate JusticesRafael Martínez Torres2009–2013
Mildred Pabón Charneco2009–2013
Erick Kolthoff2009–2013
Edgardo Rivera2010–2013
Roberto Feliberti2011–2013
Luis Estrella Martínez2011–2013
ComptrollerYesmín Valdivieso2010–2020
Ethics DirectorZulma Rosario2009–2019
OmbudsmanIris Miriam Ruíz2010–2020
Electoral ComptrollerManuel A. Torres2012-2022
Administración Desarrollo LaboralAurelio Gonzalez Cubero2009-2012

Immediately after the 4 November 2008 general election, Governor-Elect Fortuño began the formation of an emerging administration. On 7 November, Fortuño held a caucus of incoming PNP legislators, who chose Thomas Rivera Schatz as the incoming Senate president in an uncontested election and Representative Jenniffer González as the new House speaker, succeeding the incumbent House speaker, who also competed. On 9 November, he announced the appointment of outgoing Senate president Kenneth McClintock as the head of the Incoming Committee on Government Transition.[19] On 11 November, he began announcing the members of his Cabinet and other administration officials, beginning with McClintock's appointment as secretary of state, equivalent to a lieutenant governor.[20]

Inauguration

Fortuño's oath of office was administered in the late afternoon of 2 January 2009, at a ceremony attended by five of the U.S. territory's six living governors, Fortuño, Aníbal Acevedo Vilá, Sila María Calderón, Carlos Romero Barceló and Rafael Hernández Colón. Only former governor Rosselló, who did not publicly endorse him, was absent.

Following tradition, the inaugural event was initially led by the outgoing secretary of state Fernando Bonilla and then by incoming secretary of state Kenneth McClintock. Among the thousands of attendees of the event were singer Marc Anthony and his then wife, actress and singer Jennifer Lopez, White House Director of Intergovernmental Affairs Janet Creighton and the head of Intergovernmental Affairs for President-elect Barack Obama's transition team, Nick Rathod. Foreign dignitaries included Dominican Republic president Leonel Fernández and the president of Dominica, Nicholas Liverpool. Following his inaugural address, Fortuño walked from the Capitol to La Fortaleza. In the evening, a free concert in Old San Juan and a state dinner hosted by the new Secretary of State were held.

Administration, Cabinet, and Supreme Court appointments

Of these, Secretary of State McClintock, Fortuño's first Attorney General, Sagardía, Police Superintendent José Figueroa Sancha and Corrections Secretary Molina were the first to have been confirmed and formally sworn in.

At the end of his four-year term, Fortuño had retained 5 of the 14 members of his original constitutional cabinet, the secretaries of state, transportation, economic development and commerce, natural resources, and sports and recreation.

Notable events

Healthcare

Mitt Romney stated that he would repeal what he refers to as "Obamacare," on "my first day if elected president of the United States." Luis Fortuño's position on President Obama's initiative was to side with his Republican counterparts. On 24 February 2010, he stated in an interview with the local press that Obama's proposal would have unfortunate results for Puerto Rico."

A year later, Fortuño joined with other Republican governors, signing a letter that asked for the "full repeal of the Affordable Care Act."[21]

Economic crisis

In a televised speech on 3 March 2009, 60 days after having been sworn in, Governor Fortuño announced his fiscal and economic recovery plan which included reducing the government's annual expenditures by more than $2 billion at the start of the next fiscal year in July 2009. Media speculation estimated that a reduction of such magnitude could require permanently laying off up to 30,000 government workers. On 1 May 2009, a mass of workers marched through the streets of San Juan in response to the governor's plan, protesting the government's preparation for impending layoffs. Most of the frustration of the Puerto Rican constituents was due to the then candidate Luis Fortuno swearing that he would not lay off a single employee yet in his 3 March speech he warned that the $3.2 billion deficit he encountered might require laying off over 20,000-30,000[22] government employees.

On 15 October 2009, thousands of Puerto Rican workers and supporters gathered for what organizers tried to pass as a "general strike" over government budget cuts. Puerto Rico's unemployment rate exceeded 16.7 percent in June, 2010, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.[23] The Fortuño administration expected the layoffs to propel that rate to 17.1 percent (the unemployment rate for April 2010 was 17.2).[24][25]

On 26 August 2010, teachers unions staged one day walkout to protest what they say was Fortuño' plans to privatize employee pensions, a shortage of teachers and the deterioration of the school system.[26] The walkout was the largest labor protest in public schools on the island since a 10-day strike in 2008 as teachers demanded improved wages and working conditions.[27] The University of Puerto Rico's administration under Fortuño attempted to enforce a $800 quota on students which led to the 2010–2011 University of Puerto Rico strikes.[28]

As a result of all the cost-cutting measures taken during his first two years in office, and the approval of Law 154 which imposes a temporary excise tax on overseas sales by major corporation over 6 years in a declining scale beginning at 6% which may be taken by affected corporation as a credit on their federal tax returns, on 31 January 2011, Fortuño signed Law 1 of 2011, the new Internal Revenue Code that provides, retroactive to 1 January 2010, tax relief including a 50% tax cut for individuals and 30% for businesses, beginning with a 7–14% tax cut for individuals and a 7% tax cut for businesses effective during tax year 2010.[29]

Due to cost-containment and revenue generation measures, fiscal year 2009-10 ended with a $2 billion structural deficit, followed by a $1 billion structural deficit in 2010-11, $610 million in fiscal year 2011-12, $332.7 million in 2012-13, with a goal of achieving a structurally balanced budget by 1 July 2013.

Residente comments

On 15 October 2009, Calle 13 won the Premios MTV Latinoamérica for "Best Urban Artist".[30] Pérez hosted the ceremony, and used this exposure to insult Puerto Rican governor Luis Fortuño and comment about a civilian general strike that was organized earlier that day, held to protest the firing of more than 25,000 public employees by Fortuño's administration.[30] Pérez generated much controversy after referring to Fortuño as an "hijo de la gran puta"[31] The phrase is commonly translated as "son of a bitch"; in Spanish it is an insult to the person itself, equating to "bad person".[32]

Rumored potential candidacy for national office

Governor Fortuño was mentioned more than once as a long-shot potential candidate for nomination for president or vice president in 2012[33][34][35][36][37] and his frequent campaign trips to the mainland during the 2010 congressional races have been linked to potential national aspirations.[38][39]

George Will endorsed Fortuño's support for statehood as a national Republican strategy.[40]

On 26 June 2011, he announced in Bayamón that he would seek a second term as Governor of Puerto Rico. In interviews he said that he would not aspire to a national office in 2012.[41] More recently, Republican consultant Roger Stone mentioned Fortuño as a potential vice presidential nominee to win Hispanic American votes in 2012.[42] In 2012, his name has continued resonating for national office.[43]

Fortuño was included in an occasional vice presidential "short list".[44][45] In August 2012, Politico reported that Fortuño "is liked and trusted in the Romney campaign" and "Commerce or Interior are possibilities" for Fortuño in a potential Romney cabinet.[46]

Obama names Fortuño to Council of Governors

President Barack Obama nominated Governor Fortuño to the Council of Governors, a bipartisan commission aimed at improving coordination of efforts between state and federal agencies to address matters of defense and national security.[47][48][49]

Elected to leadership of the Council of State Governments

On 22 May 2010, Governor Fortuño was elected vice president of the Council of State Governments (CSG), the first Puerto Rican to hold a leadership position in that intergovernmental organization since his now–secretary of state, Kenneth McClintock, served as chairman in 1999. CSG represents the three branches of government of the 55 states and territories of the nation. Several Canadian provinces are international members of the organization, as well.[50] On 22 October 2011 he was chosen president of CSG for 2012.[1]

Center for Best Practices of the National Governors Association

Between 2010 and 2012, Fortuño served on the board of directors of the Center for Best Practices of the National Governors Association.

Chairman of the Southern Governors' Association

On 21 August 2011, Governor Fortuño assumed the chairmanship of the Southern Governors' Association and unveiled his new initiative, which served as the organization's policy focus for the year, to create jobs and spur economies in the Southern region by increasing trade, investment and exports with Latin America.

The initiative, titled "Growth Beyond Our Borders," focused on creating jobs and increasing exports from Southern states and territories by the end of 2012 by enabling private sector businesses and entrepreneurs to tap into dynamic and emerging Latin American markets, which represent 550 million prospective clients.

The association's membership is composed of the governors of Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Puerto Rico, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, U.S. Virgin Islands, Virginia and West Virginia.[51]

Commemoration of Quincentenary of the Governorship of Puerto Rico

In 2010, Fortuño created a Commission for the Celebration of the Quincentenary of the Governorship of Puerto Rico, a celebration that began on 12 October 2010 and will extend to 19 November 2011. As part of the celebration, at the tail-end of a Trade Mission to Spain, he led a celebration of the life of Puerto Rico's first governor Juan Ponce de León in Santervás de Campos, near Valladolid on 21 January 2011.[52] He also spoke that day at the Universidad de Valladolid.

Constitutional amendments

On 19 August 2012, voters rejected two constitutional amendments proposed by the governor and submitted by two-thirds of the Legislature for a referendum.[53] The first amendment would have reduced the size of the Senate from 27 to 17 members and of the House of Representatives from 51 to 39 members. While the governor's main opponent, PDP gubernatorial candidate, Senator Alejandro García Padilla supported the amendments, most PDP voters did not follow his lead and contributed to the defeat of both amendments, which was also opposed by the Puerto Rican Independence Party and three minor parties.

Post-gubernatorial life

Luis Fortuno speaking at the 2014 Conservative Political Action Conference (CPAC) in National Harbor, Maryland.

On 9 January 2013, Fortuño presented his resignation to the presidency of the New Progressive Party, and accepted the party directorate's request that he serve as the acting president until 3 February,[54] when Pierluisi was selected to succeed Fortuño.

Fortuño and former first lady Lucé Vela moved to Washington, D.C., in early 2013. where he is a partner with the Steptoe & Johnson law firm[55] in its Corporate, Securities & Finance Group and the Government Affairs and Public Policy Group. He is also involved in Steptoe's Latin American practice.

Fortuno is a frequent speaker in forums related to business and conservative causes.[56][57]

He supports far-right candidate Javier Milei in 2023 Argentine general election.[58]

Orders, awards and recognition

Ancestry

See also

Notes

    References

    1. 1 2 "Luis G. Fortuño". Steptoe and Johnson LLP. Retrieved 2 October 2017.
    2. ↑ "Home". El Nuevo Dia. Retrieved 27 November 2014.
    3. ↑ "Luis Fortuño". Sus Comienzos. 23 June 2009. Archived from the original on 23 June 2009.
    4. 1 2 Maria de Mari Medina (Shows parents birthplace and names) - Puerto Rico, Civil Registration
    5. ↑ "Children of MARTÍN BURSET and MARÍA MASFERRER are: 3rd Generation". Familytreemaker.genealogy.com. Retrieved 27 November 2014.
    6. ↑ "Great Grandfather: José Burset Masferrer". Familytreemaker.genealogy.com. Retrieved 27 November 2014.
    7. ↑ "National Committeeman Governor Luis Fortuño". Puerto Rico GOP. Retrieved 28 June 2023.
    8. ↑ "The U.S. Congress Vote Database". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 21 October 2010.
    9. ↑ "Luis G. Fortuņo". 22 January 2009. Archived from the original on 22 January 2009.
    10. ↑ "Founding". Archived from the original on 6 July 2010.
    11. ↑ "Fortuño viaja para llevar sus hijos a la universidad". El Nuevo Dia. 24 March 2010. Retrieved 27 November 2014.
    12. ↑ "Puerto Rico Elections Decided—Split Decision With a Statehood Tilt". U.S. Council for Puerto Rico Statehood. 2004. Archived from the original on 2 July 2011. Retrieved 2 June 2010.
    13. ↑ "LUIS FORTUÑO : Vote Percentage". 64.185.222.182. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 27 November 2014.
    14. 1 2 Yaisha Vargas (9 March 2008). "Fortuno Wins Puerto Rico Primary". Associated Press. Archived from the original on 23 March 2008. Retrieved 9 March 2008.
    15. ↑ "FORTUÑO, Luis G., (1960 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Archived from the original on 22 July 2010. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
    16. ↑ "El Nuevo Día report #3". Elnuevodia.com. Archived from the original on 20 April 2014. Retrieved 27 November 2014.
    17. ↑
    18. ↑ "Primera Hora report". Primera Hora. Retrieved 27 November 2014.
    19. ↑ "El Nuevo Día report #1". Elnuevodia.com. Archived from the original on 20 April 2014. Retrieved 27 November 2014.
    20. ↑ "El Nuevo Día report #2". Elnuevodia.com. Archived from the original on 5 May 2010. Retrieved 27 November 2014.
    21. ↑ "Fortuño se opone a Obamacare junto a gobernadores republicanos". Scribd.com. Retrieved 27 November 2014.
    22. ↑ "Gobernador advierte sobre propuesta de Fortuño" [Governor warns about proposal of Fortuño]. Primera Hora (in Spanish). 28 June 2008. Retrieved 29 May 2021.
    23. ↑ "U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics". Data.bls.gov. Retrieved 27 November 2014.
    24. ↑ "Strike protests job cuts in Puerto Rico". CNN. 16 October 2009. Retrieved 15 October 2009.
    25. ↑ "Bureau of Labor Statistics Data". Data.bls.gov. Retrieved 27 November 2014.
    26. ↑ Archived 30 August 2010 at the Wayback Machine
    27. ↑ Casiano Communications. "Teachers warn of full strike after 1-day walkout". Caribbeanbusinesspr.com. Archived from the original on 20 December 2014. Retrieved 27 November 2014.
    28. ↑ "A tres años de la huelga estudiantil de la UPR (Primera parte)" [Three years since the student strike of the UPR]. NotiCel (in Spanish). 12 April 2013. Retrieved 29 May 2021.
    29. ↑ "Puerto Rico: New Tax Code Is Signed into Law". Tax News Flash - United States. KPMG. 3 February 2011. Archived from the original on 3 January 2013. Retrieved 17 July 2012.
    30. 1 2 "Residente le tira con to' a Fortuño". Primera Hora (in Spanish). 15 October 2009. Archived from the original on 23 August 2017. Retrieved 16 October 2009.
    31. ↑ Rosario, Mariela (19 October 2009). "POLL: Did Calle 13 Go Too Far?". Latina. Vibe Media Group.
    32. ↑ ASALE, RAE-; RAE. "hijo, hija | Diccionario de la lengua española". «Diccionario de la lengua española» - Edición del Tricentenario (in Spanish). Retrieved 11 March 2020.
    33. ↑ Romano, Andrew (25 November 2009). "Absurdly Premature 2012 Watch, Vol. 2: The Governor of Puerto Rico ... for President?". Newsweek. Retrieved 26 November 2009.
    34. ↑ Brkic, Branko (11 January 2010). "The 2012 US Presidential Election: Who will take control of badly listing Republican ship?". Daily Maverick. Retrieved 27 November 2014.
    35. ↑ "Governor Fortuño a U.S. Citizen like John McCain". Statehood for Puerto Rico. December 2009. Retrieved 27 November 2014.
    36. ↑ "Larry J. Sabato's Crystal Ball » A Puerto Rican Vice President?". Centerforpolitics.org. 2 June 2011. Retrieved 27 November 2014.
    37. ↑ Enten, Harry (26 March 2012). "Mitt Romney: how he'll choose a VP running-mate – and who". The Guardian. London.
    38. ↑
    39. ↑ Kevin Spak (6 December 2011). "Smart Pick for GOP VP: Puerto Rico's Luis Fortuño". Newser. Retrieved 27 November 2014.
    40. ↑ George F. Will (18 July 2010). "Through Puerto Rico, the GOP can reach out to Hispanics". The Washington Post. Retrieved 14 June 2011.
    41. ↑ "Home". El Nuevo Dia. Retrieved 27 November 2014.
    42. ↑ "Roger Stone: The Stone Zone". Stonezone.com. Retrieved 27 November 2014.
    43. ↑ "Fortuño Could be the Neo of Hispanic Running Mates". Politic365. 9 January 2012. Archived from the original on 12 January 2012.
    44. ↑ "Gov. Luis Fortuño for Vice President - Race 4 2016". Race42012.com. Archived from the original on 13 July 2012. Retrieved 27 November 2014.
    45. ↑ "Romney Needs a Latino Running Mate -- But Who? - RealClearPolitics". Realclearpolitics.com. Retrieved 27 November 2014.
    46. ↑ Mike Allen and Jim VandeHei (28 August 2012). "Who's on the inside track for a Romney Cabinet". POLITICO. Retrieved 27 November 2014.
    47. ↑ "Caribbean Business". Caribbeanbusinesspr.com. Archived from the original on 20 December 2014. Retrieved 27 November 2014.
    48. ↑ "President Obama Announces More Key Administration Posts" (Press release). White House Office of the Press Secretary. 4 February 2010. Archived from the original on 16 February 2017.
    49. ↑ "Obama names Fortuño to Council of Governors". Statehood for Puerto Rico. 6 February 2010. Retrieved 27 November 2014.
    50. ↑ "Home". El Nuevo Dia. Retrieved 27 November 2014.
    51. ↑ "Southern Governors' Association". Southerngovernors.org. Archived from the original on 5 December 2014. Retrieved 27 November 2014.
    52. ↑ El Norte de Castilla. "Santervs de Campos rememora la figura de Juan Ponce de Len". Nortecastilla.es. Retrieved 27 November 2014.
    53. ↑ "Home". El Nuevo Dia. Retrieved 27 November 2014.
    54. ↑ Cordero, Gerardo (9 January 2013). "Fortuño renuncia a la presidencia del PNP". El Nuevo Día.
    55. ↑ "Steptoe & Johnson LLP: Luis Fortuno - Partner". Steptoe.com. Retrieved 27 November 2014.
    56. ↑ Silverman, Ellie (3 June 2015). "Former Republican governor of Puerto Rico speaks at Anne Arundel Lincoln-Reagan Day". Capital Gazette. Retrieved 2 October 2017.
    57. ↑ Manjarres, Javier (12 April 2013). "Jeb Bush, Hispanic Conservative Rally in Miami". Shark Tank. Retrieved 27 November 2014.
    58. ↑ https://elpais.com/argentina/2023-11-12/los-expresidentes-rajoy-pinera-duque-y-calderon-piden-el-voto-para-el-ultraderechista-milei-en-argentina.html
    59. ↑ "Fortuño recibe condecoración otorgada por el Rey de España - Primera hora". 14 April 2009. Retrieved 31 August 2020.
    60. ↑ "Message from 11 - 12 Oregon Teacher of the Year Elena Garcia - Velasco on Receiving The Order of Isabella the Catholic from the Ambassador of Spain" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 September 2015. Retrieved 2 October 2017. ...have been awarded the Cruz de la Orden de Isabel la Católica...and Governor of Puerto Rico Luis Fortuño.
    61. 1 2 3 Luis Fortuno Nogueras - mentioned in the record of Concepcion Alvarez Lopez Arias
    62. ↑ Luis Fortuño Y Alvarez - Shows parents names and birthplaces. United States Census, 1920
    63. ↑ Luis Fortuño Alvarez - Puerto Rico, Civil Registration
    64. ↑ Luis Fortuño Y Alvarez United States Census, 1920
    65. ↑ Maria de Mari Medina (Shows paternal grandparents birthplace and name) - Puerto Rico, Civil Registration
    66. ↑ Maria de Mari Medina (Shows parental grandparents birthplace and name) - Puerto Rico, Civil Registration
    67. 1 2 3 Maria de Mari Medina - Puerto Rico, Civil Registration
    68. ↑ Maria de Mari Medina (Shows parents birthplace and name) - Puerto Rico, Civil Registration
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