This is a list of launches made by the Zenit rocket. All launches were conducted from either Site 45 of the Baikonur Cosmodrome or from Sea Launch's Ocean Odyssey offshore launch platform.
Launch statistics
Rockets from the Zenit family have accumulated 84 launches since 1985, 71 of which were successful, yielding a 84.5% success rate.
Rocket configuration
1
2
3
4
5
6
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
2015
'18
- Zenit-2
- Zenit-2M
- Zenit-3SL
- Zenit-3SLB
- Zenit-3F
Launch sites
1
2
3
4
5
6
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
2015
'18
- Baikonur 45/1
- Baikonur 45/2
- Ocean Odyssey
Launch outcomes
1
2
3
4
5
6
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
2015
'18
- Failure
- Partial failure
- Success
- Planned
Launch history
1985–1989 | ||||||||
| Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | Customer | Launch outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 13 April 1985 10:00 |
Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | EPN 03.0694 #1 (Tselina-2 mass simulator) | Low Earth (planned) | Failure | ||
| Test flight; Second stage engine failure at T+400 seconds due to flow regulator leak | ||||||||
| 2 | 21 June 1985 08:29 |
Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | EPN 03.0694 #2 (Tselina-2 mass simulator) | Low Earth (planned) | Failure | ||
| Test flight; Second stage vernier engines exploded due to clogged oxidizer inlet valve | ||||||||
| 3 | 22 October 1985 07:00 |
Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 1697 (EPN 03.0694 #3) (Tselina-2 mass simulator) | Low Earth | Success | ||
| Test flight | ||||||||
| 4 | 28 December 1985 09:16 |
Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 1714 (Tselina-2) | Low Earth | Partial failure | ||
| ELINT; Fairing separation mechanism failure; spacecraft deployed into unusable orbit | ||||||||
| 5 | 30 July 1986 08:30 |
Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 1767 (EPN 03.0695 #1) (Mass simulator) | Low Earth | Success | ||
| Test flight; Test flight of Zenit-2 rocket with maximum payload | ||||||||
| 6 | 22 October 1986 08:00 |
Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 1786 (Taifun-1B) | Low Earth | Success | ||
| Radar calibration | ||||||||
| 7 | 14 February 1987 08:30 |
Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 1820 (EPN 03.0695 #2) (Mass simulator) | Low Earth | Success | ||
| Test flight; Test flight of Zenit-2 rocket with maximum payload | ||||||||
| 8 | 18 March 1987 08:30 |
Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 1833 (EPN 03.0694 #4) (Tselina-2 mass simulator) | Low Earth | Success | ||
| Test flight | ||||||||
| 9 | 13 May 1987 05:40 |
Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 1844 (Tselina-2) | Low Earth | Success | ||
| ELINT | ||||||||
| 10 | 1 August 1987 03:59 |
Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 1871 (EPN 03.0695 #3) (Mass simulator) | Low Earth | Success | ||
| Test flight; Test flight of Zenit-2 rocket with maximum payload | ||||||||
| 11 | 28 August 1987 08:20 |
Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 1873 (EPN 03.0695 #4) (Mass simulator) | Low Earth | Success | ||
| Test flight; Test flight of Zenit-2 rocket with maximum payload | ||||||||
| 12 | 15 May 1988 09:20 |
Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 1943 (Tselina-2) | Low Earth | Success | ||
| ELINT | ||||||||
| 13 | 23 November 1988 14:50 |
Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 1980 (Tselina-2) | Low Earth | Success | ||
| ELINT | ||||||||
1990–1994 | ||||||||
| Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | Customer | Launch outcome |
| 14 | 22 May 1990 05:14 |
Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/2 | Kosmos 2082 (Tselina-2) | Low Earth | Success | ||
| ELINT | ||||||||
| 15 | 4 October 1990 03:28 |
Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/2 | Tselina-2 | Low Earth (intended) | Failure | ||
| ELINT; First stage engine failure at T+3 seconds; rocket fell back on pad and exploded. Pad 45/2 never restored to flight status. | ||||||||
| 16 | 30 August 1991 08:58 |
Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Tselina-2 | Low Earth (intended) | Failure | ||
| ELINT; Second stage failure | ||||||||
| 17 | 5 February 1992 18:14 |
Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Tselina-2 | Low Earth (intended) | Failure | ||
| ELINT; Second stage failure | ||||||||
| 18 | 17 November 1992 07:47 |
Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 2219 (Tselina-2) | Low Earth | Success | ||
| ELINT | ||||||||
| 19 | 25 December 1992 05:56 |
Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 2227 (Tselina-2) | Low Earth | Success | ||
| ELINT | ||||||||
| 20 | 26 March 1993 02:21 |
Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 2237 (Tselina-2) | Low Earth | Success | ||
| ELINT | ||||||||
| 21 | 16 September 1993 07:36 |
Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 2263 (Tselina-2) | Low Earth | Success | ||
| ELINT | ||||||||
| 22 | 23 April 1994 08:02 |
Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 2278 (Tselina-2) | Low Earth | Success | ||
| ELINT | ||||||||
| 23 | 26 August 1994 12:00 |
Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 2290 (Orlets-2) | Low Earth | Success | ||
| Optical Reconnaissance | ||||||||
| 24 | 4 November 1994 05:47 |
Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Resurs-O1 No.3 | Low Earth (SSO) | Roshydromet | Success | |
| Earth Observation | ||||||||
| 25 | 24 November 1994 09:16 |
Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 2297 (Tselina-2) | Low Earth | Success | ||
| ELINT | ||||||||
1995–1999 | ||||||||
| Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | Customer | Launch outcome |
| 26 | 31 October 1995 20:19 |
Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 2322 (Tselina-2) | Low Earth | Success | ||
| ELINT | ||||||||
| 27 | 4 September 1996 09:01 |
Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 2333 (Tselina-2) | Low Earth | Success | ||
| ELINT | ||||||||
| 28 | 20 May 1997 07:07 |
Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Tselina-2 | Low Earth (intended) | Failure | ||
| ELINT; First stage engine failure at T+48 seconds following pitch deviation. | ||||||||
| 29 | 10 July 1998 06:30 |
Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Resurs-O1 No.4 TMSat Techsat 1B FASat Bravo Safir 2 OHB-System WESTPAC-1 |
Low Earth (SSO) | Roshydromet Mahanakorn Chilean Air Force |
Success | |
| Communication; Earth Observation; Technology; Geodesy | ||||||||
| 30 | 28 July 1998 09:15 |
Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 2360 (Tselina-2) | Low Earth | Success | ||
| ELINT | ||||||||
| 31 | 9 September 1998 20:29 |
Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Globalstar 5 Globalstar 7 Globalstar 9 Globalstar 10 Globalstar 11 Globalstar 12 Globalstar 13 Globalstar 16 Globalstar 17 Globalstar 18 Globalstar 20 Globalstar 21 |
Low Earth (intended) | Globalstar | Failure | |
| Communication; Guidance system failure at T+272 seconds caused shutdown of 2nd stage engine. | ||||||||
| 32 | 28 March 1999 01:30 |
Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | DemoSat | Geostationary transfer | Success | ||
| Test flight; Maiden launch mission of Sea Launch | ||||||||
| 33 | 17 July 1999 05:38 |
Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Okean-O No.1 | Low Earth (SSO) | NKAU/RKA | Success | |
| Earth Observation | ||||||||
| 34 | 10 October 1999 03:28 |
Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | DirecTV-1R | Geostationary transfer | DirecTV | Success | |
| Communication; First operational launch mission of Sea Launch | ||||||||
2000–2004 | ||||||||
| Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | Customer | Launch outcome |
| 35 | 3 February 2000 09:26 |
Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 2369 (Tselina-2) | Low Earth | Success | ||
| ELINT | ||||||||
| 36 | 12 March 2000 14:49 |
Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | ICO F-1 | Medium Earth (intended) | ICO | Failure | |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch. Second stage propellant pressurization system failed shortly after ignition due to a software valve command mistake. | ||||||||
| 37 | 28 July 2000 22:42 |
Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | PAS-9 | Geostationary transfer | PanAmSat | Success | |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch | ||||||||
| 38 | 25 September 2000 10:10 |
Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 2372 (Orlets-2) | Low Earth | Success | ||
| Optical Reconnaissance | ||||||||
| 39 | 21 October 2000 05:52 |
Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | Thuraya 1 | Geostationary transfer | Thuraya | Success | |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch | ||||||||
| 40 | 18 March 2001 22:33 |
Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | XM-2 (XM Rock) | Geostationary transfer | XM Satellite Radio | Success | |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch | ||||||||
| 41 | 8 May 2001 22:10 |
Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | XM-1 (XM Roll) | Geostationary transfer | XM Satellite Radio | Success | |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch | ||||||||
| 42 | 10 December 2001 17:18 |
Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Meteor-3M No.1 Kompass 1 Badr B MAROC-TUBSAT REFLECTOR |
Low Earth (SSO) | Roscosmos IZMIRAN SUPARCO AFRL |
Success | |
| Meteorology; Earth Sciences; Technology; Laser Calibration | ||||||||
| 43 | 15 June 2002 22:39 |
Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | Galaxy 3C | Geostationary transfer | PanAmSat | Success | |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch | ||||||||
| 44 | 10 June 2003 13:56 |
Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | Thuraya 2 | Geostationary transfer | Thuraya | Success | |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch | ||||||||
| 45 | 8 August 2003 03:30 |
Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | EchoStar IX | Geostationary transfer | EchoStar | Success | |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch | ||||||||
| 46 | 1 October 2003 04:03 |
Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | Galaxy 13/Horizons 1 | Geostationary transfer | PanAmSat | Success | |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch | ||||||||
| 47 | 11 January 2004 04:13 |
Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | Telstar 14 | Geostationary transfer | Telesat | Success | |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch | ||||||||
| 48 | 4 May 2004 12:42 |
Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | DirecTV-7S | Geostationary transfer | DirecTV | Success | |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch | ||||||||
| 49 | 10 June 2004 01:28 |
Zenit-2 | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 2406 (Tselina-2) | Low Earth | Success | ||
| ELINT | ||||||||
| 50 | 29 June 2004 03:59 |
Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | APSTAR-V/Telstar 18 | Geostationary transfer | APT/Telesat | Partial failure | |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch. Block-DM upper stage shutdown 54 seconds early due to electrical short circuit that disrupted data from fuel sensors. Satellite able to transfer to operational orbit by itself. | ||||||||
2005–2009 | ||||||||
| Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | Customer | Launch outcome |
| 51 | 1 March 2005 03:51 |
Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | XM-3 (XM Rhythm) | Geostationary transfer | XM Satellite Radio | Success | |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch | ||||||||
| 52 | 26 April 2005 07:31 |
Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | Spaceway 1 | Geostationary transfer | DirecTV | Success | |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch | ||||||||
| 53 | 23 June 2005 14:03 |
Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | Intelsat Americas 8 | Geostationary transfer | Intelsat | Success | |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch | ||||||||
| 54 | 8 November 2005 14:07 |
Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | Inmarsat-4 F2 | Geostationary transfer | Inmarsat | Success | |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch | ||||||||
| 55 | 15 February 2006 23:34 |
Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | EchoStar X | Geostationary transfer | EchoStar | Success | |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch | ||||||||
| 56 | 12 April 2006 23:30 |
Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | JCSat 9 | Geostationary transfer | JSAT Corporation | Success | |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch | ||||||||
| 57 | 18 June 2006 07:50 |
Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | Galaxy 16 | Geostationary transfer | PanAmSat | Success | |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch | ||||||||
| 58 | 22 August 2006 03:27 |
Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | Koreasat 5 | Geostationary transfer | KT Corporation | Success | |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch | ||||||||
| 59 | 30 October 2006 23:49 |
Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | XM-4 (XM Blues) | Geostationary transfer | XM Satellite Radio | Success | |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch | ||||||||
| 60 | 30 January 2007 23:22 |
Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | NSS-8 | Geostationary transfer (intended) | SES New Skies | Failure | |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch. First stage engine failure at T+3.9 seconds due to foreign object in turbopump; rocket fell back through the pad and exploded. Launch platform suffers moderate damage and the flame deflector was destroyed. | ||||||||
| 61 | 29 June 2007 10:00 |
Zenit-2M | Baikonur 45/1 | Kosmos 2428 (Tselina-2) | Low Earth | Success | ||
| ELINT; First Zenit-2M launch. | ||||||||
| 62 | 15 January 2008 11:49 |
Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | Thuraya 3 | Geostationary transfer | Thuraya | Success | |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch | ||||||||
| 63 | 19 March 2008 22:48 |
Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | DirecTV-11 | Geostationary transfer | DirecTV | Success | |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch | ||||||||
| 64 | 28 April 2008 05:00 |
Zenit-3SLB | Baikonur 45/1 | Amos-3 | Geostationary | Spacecom | Success | |
| Communication; First Zenit-3SLB launch and first commercial launch for Land Launch. Spacecraft separation orbit reported to be slightly off target but still within planned range. | ||||||||
| 65 | 21 May 2008 09:44 |
Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | Galaxy 18 | Geostationary transfer | Intelsat | Success | |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch | ||||||||
| 66 | 16 July 2008 05:21 |
Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | EchoStar XI | Geostationary transfer | EchoStar | Success | |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch | ||||||||
| 67 | 24 September 2008 09:28 |
Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | Galaxy 19 | Geostationary transfer | Intelsat | Success | |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch | ||||||||
| 68 | 26 February 2009 18:29 |
Zenit-3SLB | Baikonur 45/1 | Telstar 11N | Geostationary transfer | Telesat | Success | |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Land Launch | ||||||||
| 69 | 20 April 2009 08:16 |
Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | SICRAL 1B | Geostationary transfer | MDD | Success | |
| Communications; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch | ||||||||
| 70 | 21 June 2009 21:50 |
Zenit-3SLB | Baikonur 45/1 | MEASAT-3a | Geostationary transfer | MEASAT | Success | |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Land Launch | ||||||||
| 71 | 30 November 2009 21:00 |
Zenit-3SLB | Baikonur 45/1 | Intelsat 15 | Geostationary transfer | Intelsat | Success | |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Land Launch | ||||||||
2010–2014 | ||||||||
| Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | Customer | Launch outcome |
| 72 | 20 January 2011 12:29 |
Zenit-3F | Baikonur 45/1 | Elektro-L No.1 | Geostationary | Roscosmos | Success | |
| Meteorology; Maiden flight of the Zenit-3F | ||||||||
| 73 | 18 July 2011 02:31 |
Zenit-3F | Baikonur 45/1 | Spektr-R | High Earth | Roscosmos | Success | |
| Radio astronomy | ||||||||
| 74 | 24 September 2011 20:18 |
Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | Atlantic Bird 7 | Geostationary transfer | Eutelsat | Success | |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch (first mission since company reorganization) | ||||||||
| 75 | 5 October 2011 21:00 |
Zenit-3SLB | Baikonur 45/1 | Intelsat 18 | Geostationary transfer | Intelsat | Success | |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Land Launch | ||||||||
| 76 | 8 November 2011 20:16 |
Zenit-2M (Zenit-2FG) | Baikonur 45/1 | Fobos-Grunt | Low Earth | Roscosmos | Success | |
| Phobos lander/sample return; Spacecraft failed shortly after launch before leaving Low Earth orbit. Spacecraft also carried the Yinghuo 1 Mars orbiter. | ||||||||
| 77 | 1 June 2012 05:23 |
Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | Intelsat 19 | Geostationary transfer | Intelsat | Success | |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch | ||||||||
| 78 | 19 August 2012 06:55 |
Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | Intelsat 21 | Geostationary transfer | Intelsat | Success | |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch | ||||||||
| 79 | 3 December 2012 20:44 |
Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | Eutelsat 70B | Geostationary transfer | Eutelsat | Success | |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch | ||||||||
| 80 | 1 February 2013 06:56 |
Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | Intelsat 27 | Geostationary transfer (intended) | Intelsat | Failure | |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch. Rocket lost attitude control at T+4.5 seconds due to first stage engine steering hydraulic pump failure; engine cut-off at T+20 seconds and rocket impacted ocean at T+56 seconds. | ||||||||
| 81 | 31 August 2013 20:05 |
Zenit-3SLB | Baikonur 45/1 | Amos-4 | Geostationary transfer | Spacecom | Success | |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Land Launch | ||||||||
| 82 | 26 May 2014 21:10 |
Zenit-3SL | Ocean Odyssey | Eutelsat 3B | Geostationary transfer | Eutelsat | Success | |
| Communication; Commercial launch conducted by Sea Launch | ||||||||
2015–2019 | ||||||||
| Flight No. | Date / time (UTC) | Rocket, Configuration |
Launch site | Payload | Payload mass | Orbit | Customer | Launch outcome |
| 83 | 11 December 2015 13:45 |
Zenit-3F | Baikonur 45/1 | Elektro-L No.2 | Geostationary | Roscosmos | Success | |
| Meteorology | ||||||||
| 84 | 26 December 2017 19:00 |
Zenit-3F | Baikonur 45/1 | AngoSat 1 | Geostationary | Angosat | Success | |
| Communication; First satellite of Angola | ||||||||
References
- McDowell, Jonathan. "Launch Log". Jonathan's Space Page. Retrieved 22 July 2014.
- McDowell, Jonathan. "Satellite Catalog". Jonathan's Space Page. Retrieved 22 July 2014.
- Wade, Mark. "Zenit". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 14 June 2016. Retrieved 22 July 2014.
- Zak, Anatoly. "Development of the Zenit rocket". RussianSpaceWeb.com. Retrieved 22 July 2014.
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