Political map of the Mediterranean Sea as of September 2004.

The Mediterranean countries are those that surround the Mediterranean Sea or located within the Mediterranean Basin.[1] Twenty sovereign countries in Southern Europe, Western Asia and North Africa regions border the sea itself, two island nations completely located in it (Malta and Cyprus), in addition to two British Overseas Territories ( Gibraltar in the west and Akrotiri & Dhekelia in the east).

While not having a coastline in the Mediterranean, Portugal, Andorra, San Marino, Vatican City, Kosovo, Serbia, Bulgaria, North Macedonia, Romania, and Jordan are often included on the list of Mediterranean countries.[2][3] Such classification is mostly based on their geographical, economic, geopolitical, historical, ethnic and cultural (language, art, music, cuisine) ties to the region as a whole. Other factors include climate and flora.

List of countries on the Mediterranean Sea

Below is the list of the countries and territories bordering the Mediterranean, listed clockwise from Gibraltar on the southern tip of the Iberian Peninsula:

Southern European coast, from west to east

Western Asian coast, from north to south

Northern African coast, from east to west

List of countries in the Mediterranean Basin

Below is the list of the countries and territories in the biogeographical Mediterranean Basin.

Southern Europe

Western Asia

Northern Africa

Other countries

See also

References

  1. ↑ "The Countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea". www.mediterranean-yachting.com.
  2. ↑ "Tourism in the Mediterranean". UN-WTO. Retrieved 15 March 2021.
  3. ↑ Adamo, Katia; Garonna, Paolo. "Euro-Mediterranean Integration and Cooperation" (PDF). unece.org. Retrieved 15 March 2021.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 "The Countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea". mediterranean-yachting.com. Retrieved 24 March 2015.
  5. ↑ Hegazy, Ahmad; Lovett-Doust, Jonathan (2016). "2.18 Iraq". Plant Ecology in the Middle East. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-107874-3. the Eastern Mediterranean conifer-sclerophyllous-broadleaf forest ecoregion, which extends slightly into Iraq
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