Lake Kutcharo
クッチャロ湖 (Japanese)
Lake Kutcharo
Location of the lake in Japan.
Location of the lake in Japan.
Lake Kutcharo
LocationHamatonbetsu, Esashi District, Sōya Subprefecture, Hokkaidō, Japan
Coordinates45°09′N 142°20′E / 45.150°N 142.333°E / 45.150; 142.333
TypeFreshwater lake
EtymologyAinu kut-char (クㇳチャㇻ), meaning "marsh water outlet".
Basin countriesJapan
Surface area13.40 square kilometres (5.17 sq mi)
Average depth1.5 metres (4.9 ft)
Max. depth2.5 metres (8.2 ft)
Shore length127 kilometres (16.8 mi)
Surface elevationapprox. 1–2 metres (3.3–6.6 ft)
1 Shore length is not a well-defined measure.
Designations
Official nameKutcharo-ko
Designated6 July 1989
Reference no.439[1]

Lake Kutcharo (クッチャロ湖, Kutcharo-ko) is a pair of inter-connected freshwater lakes in Hamatonbetsu, Esashi District, Sōya Subprefecture, Hokkaidō, Japan. Eight rivers flow into the lakes, and they drain into the Sea of Okhotsk. The lakes were designated a Ramsar site in July 1989, and host nearly 300 bird species either year round or as part of the avians' migratory pattern.

The site is considered especially important for the tundra swan and the white-tailed eagle. Many varieties of ducks use the site, as well, with 50,000-60,000 visiting the lakes annually. A bird banding facility and an observation center are found at the site.

Etymology and geography

The lake name is based on the Ainu kut-char (クㇳチャㇻ), meaning "marsh water outlet".[2]

Lake Kutcharo consists to two interconnected smaller lakes, the smaller northern one called Konuma (小沼) and the larger southern one called Onuma (大沼, Ōnuma).[3] Six rivers flow into Konuma, which flows into Onuma via a small waterway at the northern end of Onuma.

Additionally, two rivers flow into Onuma. The outlet—located at the upper southeast corner of Onuma—flows into the Kutcharo River which flows about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) east where it converges with the Tonbetsu River about 600 metres (1,968.5 ft) before it empties into the Sea of Okhotsk.[3] Tides can cause some seawater inflow into Onuma.[3] The lake and the surrounding area was designated a Ramsar site in Japan in July 1989.[3][1]

Fauna and flora

Lake Kutcharo is considered an import wintering and resting site in the migration of tundra swans, with 6000–10,000 visiting each year.[3][4][1] More than 290 species of birds are found in and around the lake, especially ducks.[3] About 50,000-60,000 ducks visit annually.[1] The site is important for the conservation of the endangered white-tailed eagle.[1]

The lake is surrounded on three sides by forests of firs and spruces.[3] Ruppia occidentalis is known to grow in the shore area.[3]

Facilities

The Kutcharo-ko Waterfowl Observation Center is located on the southern shore of Onuma, and a bird banding station is located at the southern end of the connecting waterway between the smaller lakes.[3]

Lake Acuity in Pokémon Diamond and Pearl and Pokémon Platinum is based on this lake as the Sinnoh region is a fictionalized version of Hokkaido.

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 "Kutcharo-ko". Ramsar Sites Information Service. Archived from the original on 16 February 2020. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  2. ↑ "Recommended Autumn Leaf Spots by UU Hokkaido". Hokkaido Travel Info. Archived from the original on 27 October 2020. Retrieved 25 March 2021.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "Kutcharo-ko" (PDF). Ministry of the Environment. 2015. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 September 2015. Retrieved 24 March 2021.
  4. ↑ Chen, Wenbo; Doko, Tomoko; Fujita, Go; Hijikata, Naoya; Tokita, Ken-ichi; Uchida, Kiyoshi; Konishi, Kan; Hiraoka, Emiko; Higuchi, Hiroyoshi (1 February 2016). "Migration of Tundra Swans (Cygnus columbianus) Wintering in Japan Using Satellite Tracking: Identification of the Eastern Palearctic Flyway". Zoological Science. Zoological Society of Japan. 33 (1): 63–72. doi:10.2108/zs150066. ISSN 0289-0003. PMID 26853870. Archived from the original on 26 November 2020. Retrieved 24 March 2021.
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