Realm of King Marko
Област краља Марка (Serbian)
Oblast kralja Marka (Serbian)
1371–1395
Flag of Lordship of Prilep
Flag
Coat of arms of Lordship of Prilep
Coat of arms
Medieval Realm of King Marko
Medieval Realm of King Marko
CapitalPrilep
GovernmentKingdom
King 
• 1371–1395
King Marko (only)
Historical eraMedieval
• Marko's inheritance
September 26, 1371 1371
• Subjugation by Bayezid I
1395
Preceded by		Succeeded by
Serbian Empire
Principality of Muzaka
Sanjak of Ohrid
Today part of
  1. The political status of Kosovo is disputed. Having unilaterally declared independence from Serbia in 2008, Kosovo is formally recognised as a sovereign state by 102 UN member states (with another 12 states recognising it at some point but then withdrawing their recognition) and 91 states not recognizing it, while Serbia continues to claim it as a part of its own territory.

The Lordship of Prilep (Serbian: Господство Прилепа, romanized: Gospodstvo Prilepa), also known as the Realm of King Marko (Serbian: Област краља Марка, romanized: Oblast kralja Marka) or the Kingdom of Prilep (Serbian: Прилепско краљевство, romanized: Prilepsko kraljevstvo; Macedonian: Прилепско Кралство, romanized: Prilepsko Kralstvo; Bulgarian: Прилепско кралство, romanized: Prilepsko kralstvo; literally: 'Prilep Kingdom'), was one of the successor-states of the Serbian Empire, covering mainly the southern regions of the former empire, corresponding to western parts of present-day North Macedonia. Its central region of Pelagonia, with the city of Prilep, was held by lord Vukašin Mrnjavčević, who in 1365 became Serbian king and co-ruler of Serbian emperor Stefan Uroš V (1355–1371). After king Vukašin died at the Battle of Maritsa in 1371,[1] the realm was obtained by his son and designated successor (rex iunior) Marko Mrnjavčević, who took the title of Serbian king. At that time, capital cities of the Serbian realm were Skopje and Prizren,[2] but during the following years king Marko lost effective control over those regions, and moved his residence to Prilep. He ruled there until his death in the Battle of Rovine in 1395.[3] By the end of the same year, the Realm of late King Marko was conquered by the Ottoman Empire.

History

Since 1334,[4] the city of Prilep was under Serbian rule[5] and the surrounding region was held by Serbian feudal lord Vukašin Mrnjavčević, who was crowned the king of the Serbs and Greeks in 1365 as the co-ruler of last Serbian emperor Stefan Uroš V.[6] After the death of both Vukašin and Uroš in 1371, Vukašin's son Marko Mrnjavčević, who held the title of "Junior King" (rex iunior),[7] became the sole legal ruler of the Serbian Realm and took the title of Serbian king, but his power was contested by other Serbian feudal lords who gained control over other regions leaving Marko only with the areas in western half of Vardarian Macedonia, centered in Prilep.[8]

King Marko remained effective ruler only in the region of Prilep,[9] and was also nominally recognized by some other feudal lords in surrounding areas. All of them, including Marko, were forced to pay tribute to invading Ottoman Turks. The region and the city of Ohrid was ruled by the Albanian nobleman Andrea Gropa as an ally of Vukašin until the latter's death in 1371, and became de jure independent from the Lordship that year. Also in 1371, the Lordship lost the territories of Kostur, Prilep, and Dibër to Andrea Gropa and Andrea II Muzaka.

Since he became a vassal[10] of the Turkish Sultan, Marko Mrnjavčević was obligated to answer to the sultan's call in 1395 and take part in the Battle of Rovine where he was killed.[11][12] The Turks took the opportunity to conquer the region of Prilep, adding its territory to the Sanjak of Ohrid.

Since Marko, who styled himself as Serbian King, did not reduce his title to Prilep or any other local town or region, historians have used various terms for his domain. In Serbian historiography, it is called simply: the Lordship of King Marko (Serbian: Област краља Марка)[13] or the Domain of King Marko (Serbian: Држава краља Марка).[14]

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References

  1. ↑ Ostrogorsky 1956, p. 481.
  2. ↑ Gavrilović 2001, p. 146.
  3. ↑ Ćirković 2004, p. 86.
  4. ↑ Ćirković 2004, p. 63.
  5. ↑ Ostrogorsky 1956, p. 451.
  6. ↑ Ćirković 2004, p. 78.
  7. ↑ Fine 1994, p. 363.
  8. ↑ Fine 1994, p. 380.
  9. ↑ Temperley 1919, p. 97-98.
  10. ↑ Nicol 1993, p. 275.
  11. ↑ Ostrogorsky 1956, p. 489.
  12. ↑ Nicol 1993, p. 302.
  13. ↑ Благојевић & Медаковић 2000, p. 231.
  14. ↑ Ђурић 1984, p. 16.

Sources

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