Khedrup Gelek Pelzang
1st Panchen Lama of Tibet
Khedrup Gelek Pelzang, 1st Panchen Lama
PredecessorYungtön Dorjepel
SuccessorSönam Choklang, 2nd Panchen Lama
Born1385
Taktser, Amdo
Died1438 (aged 52–53)
Tibetanམཁས་གྲུབ་རྗེ་
Wyliemkhas-grub dge legs dpal bzang po
HousePanchen Lama

Khedrup Gelek Pelzang, 1st Panchen Lama (1385–1438 CE) – better known as Khedrup Je –  was one of the main disciples of Je Tsongkhapa, whose reforms to Atiśa's Kadam tradition are considered the beginnings of the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism.

Khedrub Je is considered to be an emanation of Manjusri, the Buddha of Wisdom.

Recognition

Khedrub Je was posthumously decided by the 5th Dalai Lama to have been a previous incarnation of Lobsang Chökyi Gyaltsen, 4th Panchen Lama (1570–1662). Like all the Panchen Lamas, he is considered to be an incarnation of Amitābha Buddha. Traditionally, there were considered to be four Indian and three Tibetan incarnations before Khedrup, starting with Subhuti, one of the original disciples of Gautama Buddha.[1][2]

According to the legend, after Tsongkhapa died in 1419, his disciple Khedrub Jey on five occasions met with him in mystical states. Kedrub Jey is most remembered for his charisma as a teacher, as well as for the many excellent commentaries that he wrote on the tantric lineages which Tsongkhapa gathered together and elucidated. He played an important role in the education of the First Dalai Lama, who was the youngest of Tsongkhapa's five chief disciples.[3]

Background

A thangka depicting Khedrup Gelek Pelzang, circa 1800

Before becoming Tsongkhapa's foremost disciple, Khedrup Je had been a learned Sakya scholar.[4]

Writings

Altogether, Khedrub Je's collected works total nine volumes in all, comprising a total of fifty-eight treatises. He also wrote many prayer books.[4]

Kalachakra

Khedrub Je wrote an important text on Kalachakra that is still used by the current 14th Dalai Lama, as the basis for his public empowerments into the practice of the Kalachakra Tantra.[5]

Mahamudra

Khedrub Je also wrote a root text on mahamudra.[6]

Monastic career

Khedrup Je

Khedrup Je was unanimously chosen as Ganden Monastery's third abbot (after Tsongkhapa and Gyaltsab Je) by its monks, and also became the Ganden Tripa, the leader of the Gelug tradition. He also founded Palcho Monastery in Gyantse in 1418 as well as the large Riwo Chöling Monastery in the Yarlung Valley, which is now just a heap of ruins.[7]

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Stein (1972) p. 84.
  2. ↑ Das (1970), pp. 81-103.
  3. ↑ Glenn H. Mullin & Andy Weber at "Mystical Arts of Tibet". Archived from the original on 2006-09-07. Retrieved 2006-07-18., Excerpt from an Exhibition Catalog
  4. 1 2 Hilton (1999), p. 58.
  5. ↑ Tenzin Gyatso, the Fourteenth Dalai Lama. (1999) Kālachakra Tantra Rite of Initiation: For the Stage of Generation. Translated by Jeffrey Hopkins. Enlarged edition, pp. 139-144. Wisdom Publications, Boston. ISBN 0-86171-151-3.
  6. ↑ Gyatso, Tenzin; Berzin, Alexander. "The Gelug-Kagyu Tradition of Mahamudra". Retrieved 21 June 2016.
  7. ↑ Dorje (1999), p. 194.

References

  • Das, Sarat Chandra. (1970) Contributions on the Religion and History of Tibet (1970). Manjushri Publishing House, New Delhi. First published in the Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, Vol. LI (1882)
  • Dorje, Gyurme (1999). Footprint Tibet Handbook with Bhutan. Footprint Handbooks, Bath, England. ISBN 0-8442-2190-2.
  • Hilton, Isabel. (1999). The Search for the Panchen Lama. Viking. Reprint: Penguin Books. (2000), p. 58. ISBN 0-14-024670-3.
  • Stein, R. A. Tibetan Civilization, (1972). Stanford University Press, Stanford, California. ISBN 0-8047-0806-1 (cloth); ISBN 0-80-470901-7.

Further reading

  • The Great Seal of Voidness: The Root Text for the Ge-lug/Ka-gyu Tradition of Mahamudra. The Main Path All Buddhas Have Travelled (dGe-ldan bkah-brgyud rin-po-chehi phyag-chen rtza-ba rg yal-bahi gzhung-lam). (1975) Geshe Ngawang Dhargyey et al. Library of Tibetan Works and Archives. Dharamsala, H.P., India.
  • Adams, Miranda (August 2007). "Khedrubje Gelek Pelzang". The Treasury of Lives: Biographies of Himalayan Religious Masters. Retrieved 2013-08-18.
  • The Gelug-Kagyu Tradition of Mahamudra: complete online edition of book by 14th Dalai Lama and Alexander Berzin first published as The Gelug/Kagyü Tradition of Mahamudra (Ithaca, Snow Lion, 1997), comprising Khedrub Je's root text, autocommentary, and discourses on both.
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