Kalaniʻōpuʻu-a-Kaiamamao | |
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Aliʻi Nui of Kaʻū Aliʻi Aimoku of Hawaiʻi | |
Born | c. 1729 |
Died | April 1782 (aged 52–53) Kāʻilikiʻi, WaioʻahukiniKaʻū |
Spouse | Kalola Pupuka-o-Honokawailani Kalaiwahineuli Kamakolunuiokalani Mulehu Kānekapōlei Kekupuohi[1] |
Issue | Kīwalaʻō Kalaipaihala Pualinui Keōua Kuahuʻula Keōua Peʻeale Kaoiwikapuokalani |
House | House of Keawe |
Father | Kalaninuiamamao |
Mother | Kamakaimoku |
Kalaniʻōpuʻu-a-Kaiamamao (c. 1729 – April 1782) was the aliʻi nui (supreme monarch) of the island of Hawaiʻi. He was called Terreeoboo, King of Owhyhee by James Cook and other Europeans. His name has also been written as Kaleiopuu.
Biography
Kalaniʻōpuʻu was the son of Kalaninuiamamao (k) and his wife Kamakaʻīmoku (w), a high ranking aliʻi wahine (female of hereditary nobility) who was also the mother of Keōua (k) with another husband named Kalanikeʻeaumoku (k). This made her the grandmother of Kamehameha I.[2] During his reign, Alapainui had kept the two young princes, Kalaniʻōpuʻu and Keōua, close to him out of either kindness or politics.[2][3]
Kalaniʻōpuʻu-a-Kaiamamao was the king of the island during the times Captain James Cook came to Hawaiʻi and went aboard his ship on November 26, 1778.[4] After Cook anchored at Kealakekua Bay in January 1779, Kalaniʻōpuʻu-a-Kaiamamao paid a ceremonial visit on January 26, 1779 and exchanged gifts including a ʻahuʻula (feathered cloak)[5] and mahiole (ceremonial helmet),[6] since it was during the Makahiki season. Cook's ships returned on February 11 to repair storm damage. This time relations were not as good, resulting in a violent struggle when Cook tried to take Kalaniʻōpuʻu hostage after the theft of a longboat, which led to Cook's death.
Kalaniʻōpuʻu-a-Kaiamamao died at Kāʻilikiʻi, Waioʻahukini, Kaʻū, in April 1782. He was succeeded by his son, Kīwalaʻō, as king of Hawaiʻi island; and his nephew, Kamehameha I, who was given guardianship of Kū-ka-ili-moku, the god of war. His nephew would eventually overthrow his son at the battle of Mokuʻōhai. The island of Hawaiʻi was then effectively divided into three parts: his nephew Kamehameha ruled the western districts, his younger son Keōua Kuahuula controlled Kaʻū, and his brother Keawemauhili controlled Hilo.
Family tree based on Abraham Fornander's "An Account of the Polynesian Race" and other works from the author, Queen Liliuokalani's "Hawaii's Story by Hawaii's Queen", Samuel Mānaiakalani Kamakau's "Ruling Chiefs of Hawaii" and other works by the author, John Papa ʻĪʻī's "Fragments of Hawaiian History", Edith Kawelohea McKinzie's "Hawaiian Genealogies: Extracted from Hawaiian Language Newspapers, Vol. I & II", Kanalu G. Terry Young's "Rethinking the Native Hawaiian Past", Charles Ahlo, Jerry Walker, and Rubellite Kawena Johnson's "Kamehameha's Children Today", The Hawaiian Historical Society Reports, the genealogies of the Hawaiian Royal families in Kingdom of Hawaii probate, the works of Sheldon Dibble and David Malo as well as the Hawaii State Archive genealogy books.
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References
- ↑ "MAKE". Ke Kumu Hawaii. Vol. 2, no. 6. Honolulu. March 16, 1836. p. 21.
- 1 2 Abraham Fornander (1880). An Account of the Polynesian Race: Its Origins and Migrations, and the Ancient History of the Hawaiian People to the Times of Kamehameha I. Trubner & Company. p. 135.
- ↑ Hawaiian Historical Society (1904). Annual Report of the Hawaiian Historical Society. The Society. p. 7.
- ↑ William De Witt Alexander (1891). A brief history of the Hawaiian people. American Book Co. pp. 104–116.
- ↑ "'ahu 'ula (Feathered cloak)". Museum of New Zealand web site. Retrieved July 19, 2009.
- ↑ "Mahiole (helmet)". Museum of New Zealand web site. Retrieved July 19, 2009.