Siddaramaiah
Siddaramaiah in 2016
22nd Chief Minister of Karnataka
Assumed office
20 May 2023
GovernorThawar Chand Gehlot
DeputyD. K. Shivakumar
Preceded byBasavaraj Bommai
In office
13 May 2013 – 17 May 2018
Preceded byJagadish Shettar
Succeeded byB. S. Yediyurappa
Member of the Karnataka Legislative Assembly
Assumed office
13 May 2023
Preceded byYathindra Siddaramaiah
ConstituencyVaruna
In office
17 May 2018 – 13 May 2023
Preceded byB B Chimmanakatti
Succeeded byBhimsen Chimmanakatti
ConstituencyBadami
In office
2008–2018
Preceded bySeat established
Succeeded byYathindra Siddaramaiah
ConstituencyVaruna
In office
2004–2007
Preceded byA. S. Guruswamy
Succeeded byM. Satyanarayana
ConstituencyChamundeshwari
In office
1994–1999
Preceded byM. Rajasekara Murthy
Succeeded byA. S. Guruswamy
ConstituencyChamundeshwari
In office
1983–1989
Preceded byD. Jayadevaraja Urs
Succeeded byM. Rajasekara Murthy
ConstituencyChamundeshwari
Deputy Chief Minister of Karnataka
In office
28 May 2004 – 5 August 2005[1]
Chief MinisterDharam Singh
Preceded byHimself
Succeeded byM. P. Prakash
In office
16 May 1996 – 22 July 1999[2]
Chief MinisterJ. H. Patel
Preceded byJ. H. Patel
Succeeded byHimself
Leader of the Opposition
Karnataka Legislative Assembly
In office
9 October 2019 – 20 May 2023[3]
Preceded byB. S. Yediyurappa
Succeeded byR. Ashoka
In office
8 June 2009 – 12 May 2013
Preceded byMallikarjun Kharge
Succeeded byH. D. Kumaraswamy
Personal details
Born (1947-08-03) 3 August 1947[4][5]
Siddaramana Hundi, Kingdom of Mysore, British India
(present-day Karnataka, India)
Political partyIndian National Congress (2006–present)
Other political
affiliations
SpouseParvathi Siddaramaiah
Children
ResidenceAnugraha
Alma mater

Siddaramaiah (born 3 August 1947),[6] also referred to by his nickname Siddu,[lower-alpha 1] is an Indian politician who is serving as the 22nd Chief Minister of Karnataka since 2023.[7] He also held that position previously from 2013 to 2018, being only the second person to hold that office for a full five-year term. He belongs to the Indian National Congress and is presently the leader of the Congress Legislative Party. He represented the Varuna Assembly constituency from 2023, previously from 2008 to 2018, Badami Assembly constituency from 2018 to 2023, and from Chamundeshwari Assembly constituency from 2004 to 2007, 1994 to 1999 and from 1983 to 1989 in the Karnataka Legislative Assembly. He served as the Deputy Chief Minister of Karnataka from 1996 to 1999 and from 2004 to 2005 while he was a member of the Janata Dal and Janata Dal (Secular). He also served as the Leader of the Opposition in Karnataka Legislative Assembly on two occasions from 2019 to 2023 and from 2009 to 2013.[8][9][10] Siddaramaiah was a member of various Janata Parivar factions for several years.[11][12][13]

Early life

He was born to Siddarame Gowda and Boramma in a remote village called Siddaramanahundi in Varuna Hobli near T. Narasipura of Mysore district in a farming family.[14] He had no formal schooling until he was ten but went on to do his B. Sc. and LL.B. from Mysore University.[15] He is the fourth among six siblings and he belongs to Kuruba Gowda community.[16]

Siddaramaiah was a junior under a lawyer, Chikkaboraiah, in Mysore and later taught law for some time.[17]

Personal life

Siddaramaiah is mononymous. Siddaramaiah is married to Parvathi and had two sons. His elder son, Rakesh, seen as his father's heir in politics, died of multiple organ failure in 2016 at the age of 38.[18] The surviving son, Dr.Yathindra, contested the 2018 Legislative Assembly elections and won from the seat of Varuna in Mysuru, formerly his father's seat, by over 45,000 votes.[19]

Siddaramaiah has stated on record that he is an atheist,[20] though he has more recently clarified his public stance on the subject: "Word has spread that I am an atheist, which I am not. I am spiritual -- I have participated in festivities as child. I have visited some of the popular pilgrimage centres. But I am definitely against superstition, as I view everything from science point of view".[21]

Political career

Siddaramaiah's political career began when Nanjunda Swamy, a lawyer in Mysore, spotted him at the district courts as a law graduate. He was asked to contest and was elected to the Mysore Taluka. He contested on a Bharatiya Lok Dal ticket from Chamundeshwari constituency and entered the 7th Karnataka Legislative Assembly in 1983. This was a surprise victory for all and it earned him a name and fame in the Old Mysore region.

Later he joined the ruling Janata Party and became the first president of the Kannada Surveillance Committee (Kannada Kavalu Samiti), set up to supervise the implementation of Kannada as an official language. During the mid-term polls in 1985, Siddaramaiah was re-elected from the same constituency and became Minister for Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Services. In Chief Minister Ramakrishna Hegde's government, he handled diverse portfolios such as Sericulture, Animal Husbandry and Transport at different stages.[22]

He first suffered defeat in the 1989 Assembly elections, beaten by a veteran Congress leader, M. Rajasekara Murthy. Later in 1992, he was appointed Secretary General of Janata Dal, which H. D. Deve Gowda had also joined. He was elected again in the 1994 State Elections and became the Minister for Finance in the Janata Dal government headed by Deve Gowda. He was made Deputy Chief Minister when J. H. Patel became Chief Minister in 1996. He was sacked as Deputy Chief Minister and dropped from the Cabinet on 22 July 1999.[2] After the split in the Janata Dal, he joined the Janata Dal (Secular) faction of Deve Gowda and became the president of its state unit. However, he lost in the 1999 state elections. In 2004, when the Indian National Congress and JD (S) formed a coalition government with Dharam Singh as Chief Minister, he was again appointed Deputy Chief Minister.[23] He addressed ahinda samavesha in Hubballi, which had the huge public gathering. He even challenged Reddy brothers in the house when he was the leader of the opposition that he would come to Bellary through padayatra. It garnered attention of whole state and eventually Siddaramaiah came to power in 2013.[24]

Siddaramaiah celebrated his 75th birthday on 3 August 2022 in Davanagere and called it "Siddaramotsava", where more than 20 lakh followers of Siddaramaiah had attended the program.[25][26]

Indian National Congress

In 2005, after differences with H. D. Deve Gowda, Siddaramaiah was expelled from JD (S). He wanted to revive a regional party "ABPJD" in the state after quitting the JD (S), but he did not because regional parties formed earlier in Karnataka had not survived.[27] He subsequently garnered mass support from the backward classes and joined the Congress at a large public meeting held in Bangalore, in Sonia Gandhi's presence. He won the Chamundeshwari bypolls held in December 2006, by a margin of 257 votes against M. Shivabasappa of JD (S), despite a fierce campaign against him by Deve Gowda, Chief Minister Kumaraswamy and Deputy Chief Minister Yeddyurappa in the constituency.[23] In the 2008 state Assembly elections, he contested from Varuna Constituency and was re-elected for the fifth time.[28][29]

He won the 2013 election from the same constituency (Varuna) on 8 May 2013 and was reelected for the 7th time. He was elected as the leader of the Congress legislative party in the Karnataka assembly on 10 May 2013.[30] He had previously announced that the 2013 Assembly election would be his last election,[31] but in the 2018 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election, he left his safe Varuna seat for his son, and he himself went on to contest from two constituencies, i.e. Chamundeshwari and Badami, and faced stiff competition against GT Devegowda of JD (S) and B. Sriramulu of BJP respectively, both of which were new constituencies for him. He lost in Chamundeshwari, but won in Badami vidhan sabha seat beating BJP heavyweight Sriramulu with a narrow margin of 1,696 votes and he was reelected for the 8th time. Congress under his leadership then supported the Janata Dal (Secular) in forming the government in 2018 to keep BJP out of power. He was the chairman of coordination committee that coordinated the congress-JDS coalition govt under H. D Kumarswamy. After the resignation of 17 MLAs, leading to the downfall of the coalition government, Siddaramaiah took the leadership of the upcoming by-elections in Karnataka.

The by-polls were held on 5 December 2019 for the 15 assembly seats. Though Siddaramaiah expressed his confidence in winning 12 out of the 15 contested seats, Congress managed to win only 2 seats and the JDS winning none of it.[32] This was a major setback for his leadership and differences arose among his own party members questioning his leadership.[33] Thus Siddaramaiah resigned as the Leader of the CLP and the Leader of opposition of the Karnataka Legislative Assembly on 9 December.[34]

In the 2023 Karnataka legislative assembly election, Siddaramaiah contested from Varuna constituency and won. This makes his 9th election win. He was sworn in as Chief minister for the second time.[35]

Chief Minister of Karnataka

Chief Minister of Karnataka, Siddaramaiah calling on the Prime Minister, Narendra Modi

First term (2013–2018)

Siddaramaiah in 2013

Siddaramaiah was elected as Chief Minister after Congress adopted a secret ballot to select the new chief minister.[36][37] He led the Indian National Congress to victory by achieving an absolute majority of 122/224 seats in the 2013 Legislative Assembly election.[38]

On 15 May 2018, he resigned from his position of the Chief minister of Karnataka, respecting the verdict of the 2018 Karnataka Legislative Assembly election.[39] He also became the first chief minister of Karnataka to serve full 5 years term in 40 years, and the second in the history of the southern state after Devaraj Urs.[40] He also holds the record of presenting state budget 13 times as a finance minister in Government of Karnataka. Despite allegations of mounting debt on state exchequer by the opposition, he is known for maintaining fiscal prudence within the ambit of Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management Act of the state.[41]

Second term (2023–present)

Siddaramaiah in 2023

After the Congress emerged victorious in the 2023 legislative assembly election, Siddaramaiah was again elected Chief Minister, and D. K. Shivakumar was appointed his deputy.[35] After the first cabinet meet, Siddaramaiah announced that all "5 guarantees" announced in the party's manifesto had been approved and would be brought into effect in the following cabinet meet.[42] He also insisted that the officers roll back his "zero-traffic" protocol to avoid traffic congestion problems for the public.[43] His council of ministers was named the following week and was reported that he would hold finance, cabinet affairs and all unallocated portfolios.[44]

His cabinet approved reverting changes by the previous BJP government in school textbooks, which included removing lessons on RSS founder K. B. Hedgewar and Hindutva figure Vinayak Damodar Savarkar,[45] launched a scheme providing free bus rides to women in the Karnataka state buses[46] and announced implementation of other four pre-poll guarantees in the state budget.

In July 2023, he tabled the state budget for the record 14th time in state's history. He increased taxes on liquor, beer, stamp duty and registration of properties, and certain vehicle categories to fund the above mentioned schemes.[47][48]

Challenges

In July 2023, the state witnessed series of killings which included an on-duty police constable crushed to death by a sand mafia truck,[49] Jain monk Nandhi Maharaj from Belgaum, a worker named Venugopal in T. Narasipur and a double murder of CEO and MD of a company in Bangalore.[50] This led to speculations on fragile law and order in the state, and the opposition BJP led protests and march to Raj Bhavan seeking CBI probe into these matters.[51][52]

Corruption allegations and controversies

The Karnataka Lokayukta has filed 61 corruption cases, out of which 11 were disposed as of 2019. Siddaramaiah has 50 cases pending against him in the Lokayukta.[53][54]

Electoral performance

Sl.No Year Election Constituency Party Votes Vote share Margin Result
1. 1983 Karnataka Legislative Assembly Chamundeshwari Lok Dal 26,614 43.33% 3,504 Won[55]
2. 1985 Karnataka Legislative Assembly Chamundeshwari Janata Party 33,725 43.45% 8,271 Won[55]
3. 1989 Karnataka Legislative Assembly Chamundeshwari Janata Dal 36,483 36.27% 6,409 Lost[55]
4. 1991 Lok Sabha Koppal Janata Dal 2,29,979 41.96% 11,197 Lost[56]
5. 1994 Karnataka Legislative Assembly Chamundeshwari Janata Dal 76,823 54.46% 32,155 Won[55]
6. 1999 Karnataka Legislative Assembly Chamundeshwari Janata Dal 50,907 30.66% 6,200 Lost[55]
7. 2004 Karnataka Legislative Assembly Chamundeshwari Janata Dal 90,727 43.43% 32,345 Won[55]
8. 2006
(by election)		 Karnataka Legislative Assembly Chamundeshwari Indian National Congress 1,15,512 47.24% 256 Won[57][58]
9. 2008 Karnataka Legislative Assembly Varuna Indian National Congress 71,908 50.23% 18,837 Won[59]
10. 2013 Karnataka Legislative Assembly Varuna Indian National Congress 84,385 52.53% 29,641 Won[59]
11. 2018 Karnataka Legislative Assembly Chamundeshwari Indian National Congress 85,283 37.69% 36,042 Lost[60]
12. 2018 Karnataka Legislative Assembly Badami Indian National Congress 67,599 41.24% 1,696 Won[61]
13. 2023 Karnataka Legislative Assembly Varuna Indian National Congress 1,19,430 60.09% 46,006 Won

Positions held

Sl no.Term of officePartyPosition
1.16 May 1996 – 22 July 1999Janata DalDeputy Chief Minister of Karnataka[2]
2.28 May 2004 – 5 August 2005Janata Dal (Secular)Deputy Chief Minister of Karnataka[62]
3.13 May 2013 – 17 May 2018Indian National CongressChief Minister of Karnataka[63]
4.20 May 2023 – presentIndian National CongressChief Minister of Karnataka[7]

Other positions held

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Sources calling the subject Siddu —"CM Siddu confident of winning in coming election – Mysuru Today". Retrieved 9 August 2021.
    —"Vishwanath backs Ibrahim, says many are not happy with CM Siddu". coastaldigest.com – The Trusted News Portal of India. Retrieved 9 August 2021.
    —Big Kannada push ahead of polls; CM Siddu appeases pro Kannada outfits, archived from the original on 21 December 2021, retrieved 9 August 2021
    —"Karnataka CM Siddu's 'Bhagya' budgets swell debt burden to Rs 2.86 lakh crore". The New Indian Express. Retrieved 9 August 2021.
    —"CM Siddu to Modi: Give Bharat Ratna to Siddaganga seer". Asianet News Network Pvt Ltd. Retrieved 9 August 2021.
    —shastri, vittal (6 May 2018). "Get famous, elect your next CM: Siddu to Badami". Deccan Chronicle. Retrieved 9 August 2021.
    —"Hegde was my political guide, not Deve Gowda, says CM Siddu". Star of Mysore. 22 February 2018. Retrieved 9 August 2021.
    —"UP BJP loses 3rd MLA to Covid – Mysuru Today". Retrieved 9 August 2021.
    —Kannada, TV9 (2 May 2021). "FMR CM Siddu: ಆರೋಗ್ಯ ಸಚಿವರಿಗೇ ಫೋನ್ ಮಾಡಿದ್ದೀನಿ ಆದ್ರೂ ರೆಮ್ಡಿಸಿವರ್ ಇಂಜೆಕ್ಷನ್ ಸಿಗಲಿಲ್ಲ". TV9 Kannada (in Kannada). Archived from the original on 9 August 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

References

  1. ↑ Special Correspondent: Siddaramaiah, two others dropped., The Hindu, 6 August 2005.
  2. 1 2 3 "Rediff On The NeT: Karnataka CM sacks 8 ministers". www.rediff.com. Retrieved 9 December 2021.
  3. ↑ "Leaders of the Opposition of Karnataka Legislative Assembly since 1962". kla.kar.nic.in. Retrieved 9 August 2021.
  4. ↑ "Stage set for Karnataka Cong heavyweight Siddaramaiah's 75th birthday bash". ThePrint. 2 August 2022.
  5. ↑ "Around 6 lakh expected to participate in Siddaramaiah's birthday event". The Hindu. 2 August 2022.
  6. ↑ "Siddaramaiah's affidavit". Retrieved 6 April 2004.
  7. 1 2 "Karnataka government formation | Siddaramaiah formally elected Congress Legislature Party leader, stakes claim to form government". The Hindu. 18 May 2023. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 18 May 2023.
  8. ↑ Prabhu, Nagesh (19 July 2018). "CWC membership means it's a triple role for Siddaramaiah". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 7 August 2018.
  9. ↑ "Siddaramaiah enters national stage with Congress Working Committee entry".
  10. ↑ "I'm Sidda-Rama and 100% Hindu: Karnataka CM Siddaramaiah". The Times of India. 16 July 2017.
  11. ↑ Raghuram, M. (10 May 2013). "Siddaramaiah: How a Mysore boy made it to the top". DNA. Mysore. Retrieved 11 May 2013.
  12. ↑ "Siddaramaiah sworn in as Karnataka chief minister". Southmonitor.com.
  13. ↑ Kulkarni, Mahesh (8 May 2013). "Siddaramaiah - Profiling the front runner for K'taka CM". Business Standard. Bangalore. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
  14. ↑ Raghuram, M. (11 May 2013). "He was born headstrong: Siddaramaiah". DNA. Retrieved 11 May 2013.
  15. ↑ "K Siddaramaiah Biography". Retrieved 27 August 2021.
  16. ↑ Bennur, Shankar (11 May 2013). "Siddaramanahundi celebrates elevation of its proud son". The Hindu. Siddaramanahundi. Retrieved 11 May 2013.
  17. ↑ "He was born headstrong: Siddaramaiah".
  18. ↑ "Rakesh Siddaramaiah, Karnataka CM's son, dies in Belgium". The Indian Express. New Delhi. 30 July 2016. Retrieved 31 July 2016.
  19. ↑ "Varuna Election Result 2018 Live: Varuna Assembly Elections Results (Vidhan Sabha Polls Result)". News18. Retrieved 5 February 2020.
  20. ↑ "Siddaramaiah to file defamation case against Yeddyurappa". The Hindu. 1 February 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2017.
  21. ↑ "I'm not an atheist says Karnataka Chief Minister Siddaramaiah". Mail Today. 23 February 2016. Retrieved 7 November 2017.
  22. ↑ Who's Who kar.nic.in
  23. 1 2 "Siddaramaiah journey so far". The Times of India. Bangalore. 8 June 2009. Archived from the original on 28 November 2013. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
  24. ↑ "It's official: Siddaramaiah is new Karnataka CM". www.daijiworld.com. Retrieved 9 December 2021.
  25. ↑ News9 Staff (2 August 2022). "Preparations in full swing for 'Siddaramotsava' event in Davanagere, Rahul Gandhi to attend". NEWS9LIVE.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  26. ↑ "Mega Siddaramotsava today, 16 lakh to attend". The New Indian Express.
  27. ↑ "Siddaramaiah quits assembly, to join Congress soon". Whereincity. Bangalore. 19 July 2006. Retrieved 18 May 2013.
  28. ↑ "Shri.SIDDARAMAIAH, 22nd Chief Minister of Karnataka is a strong Congressman". Retrieved 27 August 2021.
  29. ↑ "Karnataka 2008". myneta.info. Retrieved 27 August 2021.
  30. ↑ "Siddaramaiah elected as CLP leader, set to be Karnataka CM". Hindustan Times. Bangalore. PTI. 10 May 2013. Archived from the original on 11 May 2013. Retrieved 10 May 2013.
  31. ↑ Rajendran, S. (10 May 2013). "A decade-long wait ends for Siddaramaiah". The Hindu. Bangalore. Retrieved 11 May 2013.
  32. ↑ "Karnataka Bypoll Results 2019 Updates: Big win for Yediyurappa, BJP sweeps 12 of 15 seats". Financial Express. 9 December 2019. Retrieved 15 January 2020.
  33. ↑ Archived 15 January 2020 at the Wayback Machine
  34. ↑ "Karnataka bypoll results Live Updates: Siddaramaiah, Dinesh Gundu Rao resign after big loss to BJP". India Today. 9 December 2019. Retrieved 15 January 2020.
  35. 1 2 "Siddaramaiah Chief Minister,DK Shivakumar Deputy: Congress' 3 AM Breakthrough". NDTV.com. 18 May 2023.
  36. ↑ "Siddaramaiah elected Karnataka's new chief minister in secret ballot". The Times of India. Bangalore. 10 May 2013. Archived from the original on 11 May 2013. Retrieved 11 May 2013.
  37. ↑ "Karnataka: Siddaramaiah elected Congress Legislative Party leader, set to be CM". CNN-IBN. Bangalore. 10 May 2013. Archived from the original on 12 May 2013. Retrieved 10 May 2013.
  38. ↑ "Siddaramaiah rated fourth most popular Chief Minister in the country". 7 May 2015. Retrieved 17 July 2023.
  39. ↑ "Siddaramaiah resigns after Cong defeat in Karnataka polls - Times of India ►". The Times of India. Retrieved 15 May 2018.
  40. ↑ "Siddaramaiah becomes first Karnataka CM in 40 years to finish full term". India Today. Retrieved 15 May 2018.
  41. ↑ "Latest Business and Financial News : The Economic Times on mobile".
  42. ↑ "In first cabinet meeting, Karnataka govt gives 'in-principle' nod to 5 'guarantees' | Details". Hindustan Times. 20 May 2023. Retrieved 22 May 2023.
  43. ↑ "CM Siddaramaiah cancels 'zero traffic' protocol, cites problems faced by citizens". The News Minute. 21 May 2023. Retrieved 22 May 2023.
  44. ↑ "Karnataka cabinet: Siddaramaiah keeps finance, home goes to Parameshwara. DKS gets this". Hindustan Times. 29 May 2023. Retrieved 31 May 2023.
  45. ↑ M, Akram (15 June 2023). "Savarkar out, Ambedkar in as Karnataka scraps revisions to textbooks by BJP govt". Indian Express. Bengaluru. Archived from the original on 15 June 2023. Retrieved 16 June 2023.
  46. ↑ Dhillon, Amrit (26 June 2023). "Ticket to freedom: free bus rides for women spark joy for millions in Karnataka". The Guardian. New Delhi. Archived from the original on 29 June 2023. Retrieved 29 June 2023.
  47. ↑ Bharadwaj, K. V. Aditya (7 July 2023). "Karnataka CM Siddaramaiah presents ₹3.27 lakh crore budget, 5 guarantee schemes to cost ₹52,000 crore". The Hindu. Bengaluru. Archived from the original on 8 July 2023. Retrieved 8 July 2023.
  48. ↑ "Karnataka CM Siddaramaiah to present record 14th budget today". The Times of India. 7 July 2023. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
  49. ↑ "Karnataka cop crushed to death by sand mafia truck in Kalaburgi, driver held". India Today. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
  50. ↑ "Double murder in Bengaluru: CEO and MD of private company hacked to death". The Hindu. 11 July 2023. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
  51. ↑ "Jain monk murder: Karnataka BJP demands CBI probe". Deccan Herald. 10 July 2023. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
  52. ↑ "Yuva Brigade member killed during Hanuman Jayanti celebrations in Karnataka". The Indian Express. 10 July 2023. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
  53. ↑ "Former Karnataka CM Siddaramaiah has 50 cases pending against him in Lokayukta".
  54. ↑ Arnimesh, Shanker (8 May 2023). "Siddaramaiah & Shivakumar are poster boys of corruption, says IT minister Rajeev Chandrasekhar". ThePrint. Retrieved 17 July 2023.
  55. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Chamundeswari Assembly Constituency Election Result". resultuniversity.com. Retrieved 17 January 2023.
  56. ↑ https://eci.gov.in/files/file/4121-general-election-1991-vol-i-ii/
  57. ↑ "Sitting and previous MLAs from Chamundeshwari Assembly Constituency". elections.in. Retrieved 7 February 2023.
  58. ↑ "AC Bye Election: Chamundeshwari 2006". indiavotes.com. Retrieved 7 February 2023.
  59. 1 2 "Varuna Assembly Constituency Election Result". resultuniversity.com. Retrieved 17 January 2023.
  60. ↑ "Chamundeshwari Assembly Constituency Election Result". resultuniversity.com. Retrieved 17 January 2023.
  61. ↑ "Badami Assembly Constituency Election Result". resultuniversity.com. Retrieved 17 January 2023.
  62. ↑ "Siddaramaiah, two others dropped". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 2 March 2006. Retrieved 25 May 2021.
  63. ↑ "Siddaramaiah takes oath as 22nd CM of Karnatakahttps". One India. Retrieved 25 May 2021.
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