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June 20, 1977: Trans-Alaska Pipeline begins operations in the U.S.

The following events occurred in June 1977:

June 1, 1977 (Wednesday)

June 2, 1977 (Thursday)

June 3, 1977 (Friday)

  • Elections were held in Morocco for 176 of the 264 seats of the Majlis, the lower house of Moroccan Parliament. The other 88 were indirectly elected, with 48 by local government councils, and 40 others from professional colleges. A total of 1,022 candidates ran for office; independent candidates won 81 seats (as well as 60 picked indirectly), while the Istiqlal Party won 46 and the Constitutional and Democratic Popular Movement (CDPM) won 29.[7][8]
  • The United States and Cuba announced that they would begin diplomatic relations for the first time since 1961, with the exchange of diplomats. The Cuban government followed by releasing 10 Americans who had been incarcerated in Cuban jails.[9]
  • Kasu Brahmananda Reddy, former Indian Minister of Home Affairs for Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, was elected as the new president of the Indian National Congress, in the wake of the political party's defeat in the March 20 elections.
  • The United Kingdom deported former American CIA official Philip Agee, who had revealed the names of CIA agents, barring him from re-entry to the country after he had traveled to the Netherlands.[10]
  • Died:

June 4, 1977 (Saturday)

Poppy Flowers
  • Vincent van Gogh's painting Poppy Flowers (Stilleven met viscaria), worth an estimated U.S.$55,000,000, was stolen from Cairo's Khalil Museum in Egypt. Recovered 10 years later, the painting would be stolen again in 2010 and has not been seen since then.
  • A court in Cyprus dismissed murder charges against the two members of the terrorist group, EOKA-B, Ioannis Ktimatias and Nepotolemos Leftis. The two had been indicted for the 1974 assassination of U.S. Ambassador Rodger Davies and a Greek Cypriot secretary to the ambassador, Antoinette Varnavas.[12] Ktimatias and Leftis were found guilty of the lesser offense of illegal use of firearms and rioting, with Ktimatias getting a seven year sentence and Leftis five years.[13]
  • Marvin Mandel, Governor of the U.S. state of Maryland, stepped aside and appointed Lieutenant Governor Blair Lee III as ""Acting Chief Executive", after Mandel was indicted along with five co-defendants of the crimes of mail fraud and racketeering.[14] After being convicted, Mandel would be sentenced to the federal prison at Eglin Air Force Base in Florida. Mandel would rescind Lee's powers on January 15, 1979, after his conviction was overturned on appeal, and serve the remaining two days of his elected term.[15]
  • Died: František Michl, 75, Czech artist who had been incarcerated by the Nazi German government for being anti-fascist, and by the Czechoslovakian government for being anti-Communist.

June 5, 1977 (Sunday)

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Meacham and René

June 6, 1977 (Monday)

June 7, 1977 (Tuesday)

  • After a campaign by singer Anita Bryant, voters in a referendum in Miami-Dade County, Florida repealed ordinance 77-4 of the Dade County Commission that had outlawed discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation in employment, housing and public services.[21] The ordinance had been passed on January 18.[22] Bryant was able to persuade almost 70% of voters that protection of gay rights would be a threat to the community as part of her "Save the Children campaign, with 202,319 for repeal and 89,562 against it.
  • In a special election to fill the unexpired term for Mayor of Chicago, interim Mayor Michael A. Bilandic defeated Republican challenger Dennis H. Block.[23] Daley, elected to a fourth term in 1975, to expire on April 16, 1979, won 77.3 percent of the vote. He did not seek re-election.
  • Elections were held for one-third of the members of the Turkish Senate, with 50 of the 150 seats to be filled.[24]
  • Convicted kidnapper Ted Bundy, on trial in Colorado for the 1975 murder of Caryn Campbell, escaped from the Pitkin County Courthouse in Aspen, Colorado.[25] He would be recaptured three days later, but would escape from another Colorado jail on December 30.
  • Born: Donovan Ricketts, Jamaican footballer with 100 appearances as goalkeeper for the Jamaica national team; in Montego Bay[26]

June 8, 1977 (Wednesday)

June 9, 1977 (Thursday)

June 10, 1977 (Friday)

June 11, 1977 (Saturday)

June 12, 1977 (Sunday)

June 13, 1977 (Monday)

  • A cylcone killed 105 people in the monarchy of Oman as it swept over Masirah Island and delivered sustained winds of up to 104 miles per hour (167 km/h), with gusts as high as 140 miles per hour (230 km/h). The storm wrecked 95% of the buildings on the island and left 2,000 people homeless.[44]
  • Three Girl Scouts, aged 8, 9, and 10, were murdered while camping at Camp Scott, located in Mayes County, Oklahoma.[45] Gene Leroy Hart, who had escaped from prison, was arrested, but would be acquitted on March 30, 1979. Returned to prison to serve out his sentence, he would die of a heart attack three months later on June 4.
  • Cleanup began of the Enewetak Atoll (in the U.S. Marshall Islands territory) after years of American nuclear weapons testing on the South Pacific group of 40 islands. A group of 222 troops from the U.S. Army's 84th Engineers Battalion was landed on the island of Lojwa, along with earth-moving equipment and concrete mix.[46]
  • Died:
    • Tom C. Clark, 77, former Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, 1949—1967, and U.S. Attorney General, 1945—1949 [47]
    • Matthew Garber, 21, English child actor known for having portrayed Michael Banks in the 1964 film Mary Poppins died of pancreatitis after having contracted hepatitis.

June 14, 1977 (Tuesday)

  • Arnold Miller defeated two other candidates, Lee Roy Patterson and Harry Patrick, to win re-election to a second five-year term as president of the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA) labor union, which had 277,000 members at the time.[48]
  • Died:
    • Alan Reed (stage name for Herbert Bergman), 69, American actor whose most famous role was as the voice of Fred Flintstone "Alan Reed Dies; Radio Straight Man, Voice of Fred Flintstone", Indianapolis Star, June 16, 1977, p. 92
    • Alex Phillips, 76, stage name for Alexander Pelepiock, Canadian-born Mexican cinematographer
    • Aleko Lilius, 87, Russian-born Swedish journalist and adventurer known for his 1931 book I Sailed with Chinese Pirates

June 15, 1977 (Wednesday)

June 16, 1977 (Thursday)

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Podgorny replaced by Brezhnev
  • Nikolai Podgorny was removed from his job as the nominal head of state of the Soviet Union. He was replaced as President of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet by the de facto leader of the USSR, Communist Party General Secretary Leonid Brezhnev, who had held the office from 1960 to 1964 prior to becoming the leader of the Party.[50] Having served as President of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR since 1965, and at one time part of the troika of CPSU General Secretary Leonid Brezhnev, Premier Alexei Kosygin and himself. He had been removed from the Communist Party Politburo three weeks earlier. A motion that Podgorny be "retired on pension" was approved without debate by the 1,517 deputies of the two houses of the Presidium, without Podgorny present and without a word of praise for his 11 years of service.
  • Elections were held in the Republic of Ireland for all 148 seats of the Dáil Éireann. Prior to the vote, Fine Gael party of former Prime Minister Liam Cosgrave and the Labour Party led by Brendan Corish had a coalition government of 75 seats for a majority, while the Fianna Fáil party of former Prime Minister Jack Lynch had 69. The combined parties lost 13 seats, while Lynch's party gained 15 for 84 seats and majority control to form a new government.[51]
  • The U.S. launched its second geosynchronous weather satellite, GOES 2 (Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite), placed initially over the 75th meridian west to observe weather in the eastern United States, supplementing GOES 1, which had been placed in 1975 over the Indian Ocean.
  • The Soviet Union launched Kosmos 917, its early warning satellite as part of its "Oko" network for missile detection, replacing the recently failed Kosmos 862 supplementing Kosmos 903.[52]
  • Shih Ming-teh, who had been a political prisoner in Taiwan since 1962 after being convicted of attempting to overthrow the government as part of the Formosa Independence Movement, was released by the Taiwanese government. Initially sentenced to life in prison, Shih had his sentence commuted to 15 years in 1975, and was set free 15 years after he had been jailed.
  • The U.S. Department of Defense sent a message to U.S. Armed Forces commanders all around the world, "reminding them not to speak out of line or contradict Administration policy" of President Jimmy Carter. The warning went out after U.S. Army Lieutenant General Donn A. Starry had told a high school graduating class at the base in Frankfurt, West Germany, that the Soviet Union and China would likely fight a major war and that the United States would probably get involved.[53]
  • Died:
    • Wernher von Braun, 65, German and American rocket scientist who was a leader in the development of the V-2 rocket for Nazi Germany, and later of the missiles and rockets for the U.S. space program, died of pancreatic cancer.[54]
    • Benjamin W. Lee, 42, Korean-born U.S. theoretical physicist who had correctly predicted the mass of the charm quark, was killed in an automobile accident on Interstate 80 near Kewanee, Illinois, when a truck crossed the median and crashed into his vehicle.[55]

June 17, 1977 (Friday)

  • High school teacher Jill Jacobs married U.S. Senator Joe Biden of Delaware at the Chapel at the United Nations in New York City. The wedding was the second for both, after Biden's first wife, Neilia Hunter Biden, had been killed in a car accident on December 18, 1972 and after Jacobs had divorced her first husband, Bill Stevenson, in 1975. In 2021, Mr. and Mrs. Biden would become the President and the First Lady of the United States.
  • The Soviet Union conducted what a U.S. Department of Defense spokesman said was a successful test of a "killer satellite", as Kosmos 918 was launched against a specific target, Kosmos 909, which had been put into orbit on May 20. Although there was no actual destruction of 909, the DOD said that its own data "allows for a close approach and a probable successful mission occurred."[56] After the fall of the USSR, archives showed that the test had failed and that 918 had been de-orbited; a first successful test would occur on October 26, 1977.[57]
  • The U.S. Supreme Court issued its ruling in the case of Dobbert v. Florida ruled, 6 to 3, that a person convicted of murder could be legally executed even though the crime for which he received the death penalty took place under a law that was later found unconstitutional. Ernest John Dobbert had brutally murdered two of his children in 1971, but was not indicted until 1974. All U.S. death penalty laws enacted before 1972 had been declared unconstitutional in Furman v. Georgia.[58] Dobbert, who was white, would die in the electric chair on September 7, 1984.[59]

June 18, 1977 (Saturday)

Idi Amin

June 19, 1977 (Sunday)

June 20, 1977 (Monday)

A section of the Pipeline [70]

June 21, 1977 (Tuesday)

  • Bülent Ecevit attempted to form a new coalition government for the Republic of Turkey, but failed to receive the vote of confidence.
  • In Canada, a fire killed 21 inmates at the jail on the ground floor of the City Hall of Saint John, New Brunswick.[75]
  • The Republic of Chile released Jorge Montes, the General Secretary of the Chilean Communist Party, who had been imprisoned for almost four years since the overthrow of Salvador Allende's government in 1973. Montes was allowed to go to East Germany in return for the release of 11 political prisoners held by the East Germans. Chile's government-owned newspaper referred to Montes as the South American nation's "last political prisoner", notwithstanding thousands of people who had been imprisoned or disappeared after the coup.[13]
  • Former White House Chief of Staff H. R. Haldeman, who had been the top adviser to U.S. President Richard Nixon until forced to resign because of the Watergate scandal, began his prison sentence at the FCI Lompoc, the minimum security installation at Lompoc, California. He had been sentenced to eight years in prison after his conviction of charges of conspiracy, obstruction of justice and perjury. Haldeman had chosen to report early and without notice, in order to avoid an expected gathering of reporters for the Wednesday date.[76]
  • Born: Zayniddin Tadjiyev, Uzbek footballer with 18 caps for the Uzbekistan national team; in Tashkent, Uzbek SSR, Soviet Union

June 22, 1977 (Wednesday)

June 23, 1977 (Thursday)

  • In a 10-hour surgery at Children's Hospital in Washington, D.C., a 20-member surgical team (7 surgeons, 5 anesthesiologists and 8 nurses), led by Dr. Judson G. Randolph separated conjoined twins who had been born in April in Italy. The two girls were connected at a point from the sternum to the pelvis. Each child had a heart, a stomach and intestines, a pair of lungs, and a spine, but shared a pair of kidneys, a liver and a diaphragm. [78] One of the twins would die on August 13 from an infection that arose from the surgery. [79]
  • The U.S. Navy launched the most sophisticated navigation satellite up to that time, NTS-2 (Navigational Technology Satellite 2), into orbit to replace the Navstar GPS satellite that failed shortly after its 1974 launch.[80]
  • Born:

June 24, 1977 (Friday)

June 25, 1977 (Saturday)

  • The African nation of Ethiopia introduced its new "People's Militia" of 80,000 people, mostly peasants, who had undergone weeks of training by 30 advisers from Cuba. The militia's size made it the third-largest armed force in Africa, and was assembled in eight divisions, each with 100 groups of 100 soldiers, on the runway of the old airport at Addis Ababa.[83]
  • Australia defeated Great Britain, 13 to 12, to win the Rugby League World Cup in a match at the Sydney Cricket Ground before 24,450 spectators.
  • Real Betis won Spain's Copa del Rey after winning a penalty-shootout over Athletic Bilbao in front of 70,000 people at the Vicente Calderón Stadium in Madrid. Betis had finished in fifth place in the 1976-77 La Liga regular season in Spain's premier soccer football league, La Liga, and Bilbao had finished third. Playing to a 2–2 draw after extra time, the two teams competed in a shootout which was unresolved until the 10th attempt by each team, with Betis hitting 8 kicks and Bilbao 7.
  • U.S. park ranger Roy Sullivan, nicknamed "the Human Lightning Rod" for having been struck on multiple occasions by lightning, was hit by a bolt for the seventh and final time while at the Shenandoah National Park in Virginia, surviving the experience but suffering burns to his hair, chest and stomach.[84] After being struck in 1942, he said he had been hit again in 1969, 1970, 1972, 1973, and 1976.[85] Sullivan would commit suicide in 1983.[86]
  • Fanfreluche, a thoroughbred horse bred in Canada and the 1970 winner of the Sovereign Award for Horse of the Year, was kidnapped from her stall at the Claiborne Farm in Paris, Kentucky, while carrying the foal of Secretariat. She would be found six months later in Tennessee after her kidnappers abandoned her.
  • U.S. musician Prince Rogers Nelson of Minneapolis signed his first recording contract, negotiated by his agent, Owen Husney. Under the three-album contract, Nelson, who would shorten his stage name to "Prince", was given creative control by the Warner Bros company.[87]
  • Born: Naoya Tsukahara, Japanese gymnast and Olympic gold medalist; in Nagasaki
  • Died: Olave Baden-Powell, 88, widow of Scouting founder Robert Baden-Powell, known for building the Girl Guides and (in the U.S.) the Girl Scouts into a worldwide organization with chapters in over 100 nations by the time of her death.

June 26, 1977 (Sunday)

  • A fire at the county jail in Maury County, Tennessee killed eight visitors and 34 inmates, who were unable to be released from their cells because each cell required a separate key.[88] The fire occurred during visiting hours when a juvenile, held in a padded holding cell, set fire to the fabric. During the panic, keys to the cell were knocked out of a deputy's hands in a collision with a fleeing visitor, and 12 minutes passed before the key ring could be relocated, during which toxic gas and smoke was spread by the jail's ventilating system.[89]
  • At Market Square Arena in Indianapolis, Indiana, American singer Elvis Presley performed his last concert.[90] Scheduled to start a second tour in August, Presley would die on August 16.
  • Born: Tite Kubo, Japanese manga artist who created the manga series BLEACH; in Fuchū, Hiroshima Prefecture[91]
  • Died: Sergei Lemeshev, 74, Russian operatic lyric tenor

June 27, 1977 (Monday)

Djibouti
  • The territory of the Afars and Issas, the last European colony in Africa, became independent from France as the Republic of Djibouti, with Hassan Gouled Aptidon as its first President.[92]
  • A collision between a passenger train and a freight train in East Germany killed 29 people near Lebus, now in Germany's Brandenburg state. East Germany's Transport Minister, Otto Arndt (who also directed the state-owned railroad, the Deutsche Reichsbahn, said that the disaster had been caused by a switching error.[93] The switchman was arrested the next day for negligence in putting the passenger express train on a collision course with the parked freight train.[94]
  • Born: Raúl (Raúl González Blanco) Spanish footballer with 102 caps as a forward for the Spain national team

June 28, 1977 (Tuesday)

  • The U.S. Supreme Court ruled in the case of Nixon v. Administrator of General Services Administration, 7 to 2, that former U.S. President Richard Nixon had no right to White House tape recordings and documents as private property, and upheld the 1974 Presidential Records and Materials Preservation Act.[95]
  • The Albert Einstein Society was founded at Bern in Switzerland by Dr. Max Flückiger to honor individual scientists who had contributed to furthering Einstein's work. The first Einstein Medal presented by the Society would be awarded to British astrophysicist and mathematician Stephen Hawking in 1979. The Society also restored Einstein's former home at Kramgasse 49 in Bern and would open it to the general on March 14, 1979, the centennial of Einstein's 1879 birth.[96]

June 29, 1977 (Wednesday)

  • The African nations of Somalia and Kenya fought a one-day battle, as more than 3,000 Somali National Army soldiers invaded the Kenyan Army border post of Rhamu in an attempt to attack the Ethiopian Army.[97] Supported by the Somali Air Force, the Somali Army killed 480 Kenyan soldiers and police officers, destroyed 20 tanks and captured or destroyed more than 40 armored vehicles. The Somalis lost 19 soldiers and five tanks.[98]
  • Defying the orders of Pope Paul VI, Roman Catholic Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre ordained 14 priests in the city of Econe in Switzerland. Despite his challenge to the Pope to excommunicate him,[99] Lefebvre continued defying the Papacy and would not be excommunicated until 1986.
  • Born:
  • Died:
    • Sylvia Ashley (stage name for Edith Hawkes), 73, English actress and socialite known for her five marriages, including to Clark Gable (1942-1952) and Douglas Fairbanks Sr. (1936-1939)
    • Magda Lupescu, 77, former mistress of Romania's King Carol II as Princess Helena of Romania. In 1925, as his mistress, she led Crown Prince King Carol to abandon his rights to the throne in order for their marriage to take place, but the couple returned to power in 1937 in a coup d'etat until his forced abdication in 1940.[100]

June 30, 1977 (Thursday)

  • U.S. President Jimmy Carter ordered a halt to any further production of the controversial B-1 bomber, based on its unprecedented cost of 102 million dollars for each aircraft and the U.S. Air Force goal of 244 B-1s in its arsenal.[101] Carter's successor, U.S. President Ronald Reagan, would revive the project and 100 B-1B bombers would be manufactured by Rockwell International between 1983 and 1988.
  • Nine years after the Prague Spring, Czechoslovakia's Communist Party and government granted amnesty to almost all of its 75,000 citizens who had fled the country after the 1968 invasion by the Soviet Union and Warsaw Pact forces, dropping charges and in absentia convictions for having left the country illegally. The only dissidents denied amnesty were those who publicly criticized Czechoslovakia after their departure.[102]
  • Brazil's President Ernesto Geisel, who had been granted dictatorial powers, issued a decree removing his chief political opponent from office. Alencar Furtaco of the Chamber of Deputies, leader of the opposition to Geisel's military regime, was barred from office for 10 years by Geisel's order.[102]
  • With only 8 members left after the withdrawal of Pakistan and the conquest of South Vietnam, the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) was permanently disbanded.
  • Born: Justo Villar, Paraguayan footballer and goalkeeper with 102 caps for the Paraguay national team; in Cerrito[103]

References

  1. ↑ Mahmud El-Shafey, "Al-Arab newspaper celebrates 10,000th issue", The Arab Weekly, August 21, 2015
  2. ↑ Rusel DeMaria and Johnny L. Wilson, High Score!: The Illustrated History of Electronic Games (McGraw-Hill, 2003) pp. 363
  3. ↑ "Nintendo Color TV-Game 6 (カラー テレビゲーム 6, 1977)", BeforeMario.com blog, April 9, 2011
  4. ↑ "The World", Los Angeles Times, June 2, 1977, p. I-2
  5. ↑ Waggoner, "Casino Unit's Power Is Termed Absolute," The New York Times, June 4, 1977
  6. ↑ "Actor Stephen Boyd Dies of Apparent Heart Attack", Los Angeles Times, June 3, 1977, p. I-
  7. ↑ Dolf Sternberger, et al., Die Wahl der Parlamente, Band II: Afrika ("The Choice of Parliaments, Volume II: Africa") (Nomos, 1978), p1345
  8. ↑ "Morocco King's Backers Win at Polls", Los Angeles Times, June 5, 1977, p. I-23
  9. ↑ "U.S. Will Exchange Diplomats With Cuba— Havana Frees 10 Americans as a Gesture", by Oswald Johnston, Los Angeles Times, June 4, 1977, p. I-1
  10. ↑ Christopher M. Andrew and Vasili Mitrokhin, The Sword and the Shield: The Mitrokhin Archive and the Secret History of the KGB (Basic Books, 2000) p. 232-233
  11. ↑ "Italian Director Rossellini, Pioneer of Neorealism, Dies", Los Angeles Times, June 4, 1977, p. I-1
  12. ↑ "The World", Los Angeles Times, June 5, 1977, p. I-2
  13. 1 2 "The World", Los Angeles Times, June 22, 1977, p. I-2
  14. ↑ "Mandel Temporarily Quits Governorship", Los Angeles Times, June 5, 1977, p. I-2
  15. ↑ "Mandel, His Conviction Voided, Back as Governor — for 2 Days", by Ben A. Franklin, The New York Times, January 16, 1979, p. A12
  16. ↑ "Leader Ousted in Tiny Africa Nation— Seychelles Appeared a Model of Stability", by David Lamb, Los Angeles Times, June 6, 1977, p. I-1
  17. ↑ "Turk Opposition Party Celebrates Victory; Premier Warns of New Era of Instability", by Joe Alex Morris Jr.", Los Angeles Times, June 6, 1977, p. I-1
  18. ↑ "Blazers Rip Sixers In Final, 109-107", Indianapolis Star, June 6, 1977, p.2
  19. ↑ "Queen Ignites Silver Jubilee Bonfire", Los Angeles Times, June 7, 1977, p. I-5
  20. ↑ "The World", Los Angeles Times, June 7, 1977, p. I-2
  21. ↑ "Miami Repeals Gay Rights by Overwhelming Margin— Crusade Headed by Anita Bryant Scores a Resounding Victory", by Jeff Prugh, Los Angeles Times, June 8, 1977, p. I-1
  22. ↑ "Bias Against Homosexuals is Outlawed in Miami", The New York Times, January 19, 1977, p. 14
  23. ↑ "Chicago Machine Delivers Bilandic", by Bryce Nelson, Los Angeles Times, June 8, 1977, p. I-14
  24. ↑ Dieter Nohlen, et al., Elections in Asia: A Data Handbook, Volume I (Nomos 2001) pp. 269–273
  25. ↑ Ann Rule, The Stranger Beside Me (Pocket Books, 2009) p.285
  26. ↑ "Donovan Ricketts". soccerbase.com.
  27. ↑ "Plans for Metric System Road Signs Called Dead", Los Angeles Times, June 9, 1977, p. I-24
  28. ↑ "Signposts Still to Be Milestones— Metric Plan Dead", Los Angeles Times, June 25, 1977, p.I-1
  29. ↑ "The Temple Builders", The Pluralism Project, Harvard University
  30. ↑ "La prensa escrita en Euskadi: Prensa en Euskera", (Gobierno Vasco), hiru.eus
  31. ↑ "Sports briefing: Ford finds ace in the hole", Chicago Tribune, June 9, 1977, p.10-1
  32. 1 2 Chris Rodell, Hole in One!: The Complete Book of Fact, Legend, and Lore of Golf's Luckiest Shot (Andrews McMeel Publishing, 2003) p.78
  33. ↑ Current Biography Yearbook: Annual Cumulation. H.W. Wilson Company. 2006. p. 588.
  34. ↑ "Turkish Vatican Envoy Slain", Los Angeles Times, June 10, 1977, p. I-2
  35. ↑ "Ivory Coast Fire Toll 42", Los Angeles Times, June 10, 1977, p. I-2
  36. ↑ "James Earl Ray Flees Prison in Tennessee— King's Assassin, 5 Others Escape in Hail of Gunfire", Los Angeles Times, June 11, 1977, p. I-1
  37. ↑ "James Earl Ray and Two Others Caught", Los Angeles Times, June 13, 1977, p. I-1
  38. ↑ "Ray's Term Extended 3 Years", Los Angeles Times, June 18, 1977, p. I-16
  39. ↑ Christopher Null (April 2007), "50 Best Tech Products of All Time", PC World, USA, archived from the original on July 22, 2015, retrieved August 15, 2015
  40. ↑ "Dutch Troops Free Hostages— Security Forces Storm Hijacked Train and School at Same Time", Los Angeles Times, June 11, 1977, p. I-1
  41. ↑ "Kim Hee-sun (김희선)". hancinema.net. Han Cinema.
  42. ↑ "Victoria's Secret", FashionModelDirectory.com
  43. ↑ "New Romanian Patriarch", Los Angeles Times, June 19, 1977, p. I-20
  44. ↑ "Storm Leaves 50 Dead, 20,000 Homeless on Persian Gulf Island", Los Angeles Times, June 19, 1977, p. I-4
  45. ↑ "3 Girl Scouts Slain at Summer Retreat", Los Angeles Times, June 14, 1977, p. I-4
  46. ↑ "Radiation Cleanup on Pacific Atoll Begins— Troops Erase Work to Erase Damage of 43 Nuclear Tests", by Larry Pryor, Los Angeles Times, June 20, 1977, p. I-3
  47. ↑ "Tom C. Clark, 77, Ex-Justice Dies", Los Angeles Times, June 14, 1977, p. I-1
  48. ↑ "Miller Wins UMW Election", Atlanta Constitution, June 16, 1977, p.3-A
  49. ↑ "Suarez Wins Virtual Majority in Election— Spaniards Also Create Near 2-Party System With Socialist 'Opposition'", by Stanley Meisler, Los Angeles Times, June 17, 1977, p. I-4
  50. ↑ "Brezhnev Adds Presidency to His Power Base", Los Angeles Times, June 17, 1977, p. I-1
  51. ↑ "Lynch's Irish Opposition Party Upsets Ruling Coalition", Los Angeles Times, June 18, 1977, p. I-4
  52. ↑ "History and the Current Status of the Russian Early-Warning System", by Pavel Podvig, Science and Global Security (2002) pp. 21–60
  53. ↑ "Pentagon Warns on Opinions", Los Angeles Times, June 17, 1977, p. I-2
  54. ↑ "Von Braun, Who Helped Put Man on Moon, Dies", Los Angeles Times, June 18, 1977, p. I-1
  55. ↑ "Dr. Benjamin Lee, 42, of Fermilab; Noted Physicist Was Crash Victim", The New York Times, June 18, 1977
  56. ↑ "Soviet Test of Killer Satellite Seen as Success", Los Angeles Times, June 28, 1977, p. I-12
  57. ↑ "IS-A", Encyclopedia Astronautica, archived on archive.org
  58. ↑ "High Court OKs Death Sentence— Law at Time of Murder Was Later Held Illegal", by Philip Hager, Los Angeles Times, June 18, 1977, p. I-1
  59. ↑ "Child-killer Dobbert dies in electric chair", Tampa Tribune, September 8, 1984, p.1-A
  60. ↑ "Attempt to Kill Amin Reported— Ugandans Say Troops Patrol Entebbe Streets", by David Lamb, Los Angeles Times, June 21, 1977, p. I-1
  61. ↑ Tony Avirgan and Martha Honey, War in Uganda: The Legacy of Idi Amin (Tanzania Publishing House, 1983) pp. 44-46
  62. ↑ "Space Shuttle Pilots Take Piggyback Ride", by Nieson Himmel, Los Angeles Times, June 19, 1977, p. I-3
  63. ↑ "Kaja Kallas". valitsus.ee. Retrieved 2021-01-27.
  64. ↑ "French Envoy Killed in Car Accident", Los Angeles Times, June 20, 1977, p. I-21
  65. ↑ "Bishop Neumann Installed as First U.S. Male Saint", by William Tuohy, Los Angeles Times, June 20, 1977, p. I-1
  66. ↑ Dieter Nohlen, et al., Elections in Asia: A Data Handbook, Volume II, (2001) pp.490-491
  67. ↑ "Green Shrugs Off ALL Threats to Win U.S. Open— Champion Has Police Guard After Death Threat", by Shav Glick, Los Angeles Times, June 20, 1977, p. III-1
  68. ↑ "Anti-Communist Editor, Girl Shot to Death in Chicago", Los Angeles Times, June 20, 1977, p. I-10
  69. ↑ "Who killed little Ivanka?", The XX Committee, September 1, 2012
  70. ↑ required attribution:Dubhe
  71. ↑ "Trans-Alaska oil pipeline marks 35 years of production", by Mary Pemberton, Anchorage Daily News, June 21, 2012
  72. ↑ "Alaskan Oil Flows With Push of Button", by Bill Stall, Los Angeles Times, June 21, 1977, p. I-1
  73. ↑ Not an estimate; the pipeline is 800.32 miles in length (800 miles, 1,690 feet or 10 meters short of 1,288m), "The Trans-Alaska Pipeline", The Lay of the Land, The Center for Land Use Interpretation Newsletter (Spring 2009)
  74. ↑ "Begin Sworn In as Israeli Prime Minister— Voting Along Party Lines, Parliament Narrowly Approves His New Cabinet", by Dial Torgerson, Los Angeles Times, June 21, 1977, p. I-6
  75. ↑ "Remembering the deadly Saint John jail fire 40 years later", CTV Atlantic News, June 21, 2017
  76. ↑ "Haldeman Enters Prison One Day Early— Former Nixon Aide Starts Watergate Term at Lompoc", by Tom Paegel, Los Angeles Times, June 22, 1977, p. I-3
  77. ↑ "Prisoners Jeer Mitchell as He Starts Sentence; Now No. 24171-157", Los Angeles Times, June 23, 1977, p. I-1
  78. ↑ "Surgery Separates Siamese Twin Girls", Los Angeles Times, July 8, 1977, p.I-6
  79. ↑ "One Siamese Twin Dies After Surgery", Los Angeles Times, August 18, 1977, p.I-13
  80. ↑ "Where Am I?", by Don Bedwell, in American Heritage Magazine (Spring 2007)
  81. ↑ John C. Crittenden, et al. Water Treatment: Principles and Design (John Wiley & Sons, 2012) p181-182
  82. ↑ "First President of New African Nation Elected", Los Angeles Times, June 25, 1977, p.I-12
  83. ↑ "Ethiopia Unveils People's Militia— Africa's Third Larges Force to Face Rebels", Los Angeles Times, June 26, 1977, p.I-1
  84. ↑ "Zap! Lightning Strikes Again— For 7th Time", AP report in Roanoke (Va.) Times, June 28, 1977, p.1
  85. ↑ John Friedman, Out of the Blue: A History of Lightning: Science, Superstition, and Amazing Stories of Survival (Delacorte Press, 2008)
  86. ↑ Guinness World Records 2001, ed. by Ken Campbell (Guinness World Record Ltd, 2000) p.36
  87. ↑ Jason Draper, Prince: Life and Times (Book Sales, 2016) pp.11–16
  88. ↑ "Tennessee Jail Fire Kills 42, Including Locked-up Prisoners", The New York Times, June 27, 1977
  89. ↑ "42 Die in Tennessee Jail Fire; Keys Lost— Inmates and Eight Visitors Asphyixated by Smoke, Gas From Padded Cell Blaze", Los Angeles Times, June 27, 1977, p.I-1
  90. ↑ Ted Harrison, The Death and Resurrection of Elvis Presley (Reaktion Press, 2016)
  91. ↑ "久保帯人の一覧". BookLive (in Japanese). Retrieved August 7, 2021.
  92. ↑ "Last European Colony in Africa Becomes Djibouti— French Tricolor Lowered", by David Lamb, Los Angeles Times, June 27, 1977, p.I-1
  93. ↑ "The World", Los Angeles Times, June 28, 1977, p.I-2
  94. ↑ "The World", Los Angeles Times, June 29, 1977, p.I-2
  95. ↑ "Justices Reject Nixon Claim to His Tapes", by Philip Hager, Los Angeles Times, June 29, 1977, p.I-1
  96. ↑ "Albert Einstein Society in Bern", The Einstein Society
  97. ↑ "Ethiopia and Kenya Reported Under Invasion", Los Angeles Times, July 1, 1977, p.I-10
  98. ↑ Hussein Ali Dualeh, From Barre to Aideed: Somalia, The Agony of a Nation (Stellagraphics Ltd., 1994) p.86
  99. ↑ "Rebellious French Archbishop Defies Pope, Ordains 14 Priests as Thousands Cheer", Los Angeles Times, June 29, 1977, p.I-16
  100. ↑ "Widow of Former Romania King, Magda Lupescu Dies in Portugal", Los Angeles Times, July 1, 1977, p.I-9
  101. ↑ "CARTER SCRAPS PRODUCTION OF B-1; Price Tag and Missile Kill Bomber", by Norman Kempster, Los Angeles Times, July 1, 1977, p.I-1
  102. 1 2 "The World", Los Angeles Times, July 1, 1977, p.I-2
  103. ↑ "J. Villar". soccerway.com.
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