Josiah Bushnell Grinnell
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Iowa's 4th district
In office
March 4, 1863 – March 3, 1867
Preceded byConstituency established
Succeeded byWilliam Loughridge
Member of the Iowa Senate
In office
1856–1860
Personal details
Born
Josiah Bushnell Grinnell

(1821-12-22)December 22, 1821
New Haven, Vermont, U.S.
DiedMarch 31, 1891(1891-03-31) (aged 69)
Grinnell, Iowa, U.S.
Political partyRepublican
SpouseJulia Chapin
EducationOneida Institute
Auburn Theological Seminary (BA)
Signature

Josiah Bushnell Grinnell (December 22, 1821 – March 31, 1891) was a U.S. Congressman from Iowa's 4th congressional district, an ordained Congregational minister, radical abolitionist,[1] founder of Grinnell, Iowa and benefactor of Grinnell College.

Grinnell was born in New Haven, Vermont, in 1821. He studied first at Oneida Institute starting in 1841. He graduated from Auburn Theological Seminary in New York City in 1847. He held pastorates in Washington, D.C., and New York City before moving to Iowa. Grinnell was the young man to whom Horace Greeley is quoted as having given the famous advice, "Go West, young man." Grinnell was also involved in railway building and was instrumental in the move of Grinnell College, known at the time as Iowa College, from Davenport to the newly established town of Grinnell.

Grinnell married Julia Ann Chapin on February 4, 1852. They had four children: Catharine Hastings Grinnell, George Chapin Grinnell, Mary Chapin Grinnell, and Carrie Holmes Grinnell.[2]

In Iowa, Grinnell was elected to the Iowa Senate, where he served from 1856 to 1860. At the same time, he studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1858, and set up his legal practice in Grinnell. He was a delegate to the 1860 Republican National Convention that nominated Abraham Lincoln for President.

The marker for the National Underground Railroad Network to Freedom stands next to the Grinnell tombstone at Hazelwood Cemetery in Grinnell, Iowa.

Grinnell was also a 'conductor' on the Underground Railroad and was associated with John Brown.[3] He provided shelter to John Brown in 1859 after Brown's anti-slavery raids in Kansas and Missouri.[4] The gravesite of J.B. Grinnell is listed on the National Underground Railroad Network to Freedom.

In 1862, after the 1860 census increased the number of U.S. House seats in Iowa from two to six, Grinnell ran for the newly created seat representing Iowa's 4th congressional district. The Fourth District was then a diamond-shaped configuration of twelve counties that included Newton and Iowa City, and ran from the Missouri border to the southern edge of Waterloo.[5] After winning the Republican nomination and the general election in 1862, he served in the Thirty-eighth Congress. In 1864 he won re-election, serving in the Thirty-ninth Congress. On June 14, 1866, he was assaulted by fellow congressman Lovell Rousseau for insulting him and his home state of Kentucky during a House debate.

Grinnell lost the Republican nomination for a third term, losing by thirteen votes to Judge William Loughridge in June 1866.[6]

After his service in Congress, Grinnell resumed the practice of law. He was also interested in the building of railroads, becoming a director of the Rock Island Railroad, and receiver of the Iowa Central Railroad (later the St. Louis & St. Paul Railroad). He also served as president of the Iowa State Horticultural Society and of the First National Bank in Grinnell.

He died of throat disease, complicated by asthma, at his home in Grinnell on March 31, 1891.[7] He was interred in Hazelwood Cemetery.

Works

  • Grinnell, J. B. (1891). Men and Events of Forty Years: Autobiographical Reminiscences of an active career from 1850 to 1890. Boston: D. Lothrop.
The home of J.B. Grinnell sat east of Central Park. This 1870 photo includes an arrow pointing to the room said to be where John Brown stayed when he came through town in 1859 with a dozen formerly enslaved persons making their way to freedom on via the Underground Railroad network.

Articles on his life, abolitionist activities and his obituary are available from Drake Community Library in Grinnell, Iowa. Many additional materials are available in the archives and local history website at Drake Community Library.

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Josiah Bushnell Grinnell: Radical Abolitionist Through and Through" by Will Hamilton. Grinnell College Undergraduate Research Journal, Spring 2017 (pp. 72-82) https://grinnell.lib.ia.us/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/JB-Grinnell-Radical-Abolitionist.pdf
  2. ↑ "Julia Ann Chapin". ancestors.familysearch.org. FamilySearch. Retrieved 2022-02-22.
  3. ↑ "Daring Death for an Idea: J.B. Grinnell and the Underground Railroad" by Nicole Etcheson. Grinnell Herald Register, Nov. 21, 1983.
  4. ↑ "Tidbits: Did You Know". American Profile. 2007-07-15.
  5. ↑ Iowa Congressional District Maps, 1847-2013 Archived 2008-06-30 at the Wayback Machine, accessed 2009-06-07.
  6. ↑ "The Congressional Nomination in the Fourth District," Davenport Daily Gazette, 1866-06-18, at p. 2.
  7. ↑ Grinnell, Josiah Bushnell; Henry W. Parker (1891). Men and Events of Forty Years. p. 456.
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