Jerablus Tahtani
Jerablus Tahtani is located in Syria
Jerablus Tahtani
Shown within Syria
LocationSyria
Coordinates36°48′00″N 38°01′00″E / 36.80000°N 38.01667°E / 36.80000; 38.01667
Typesettlement
History
Founded3rd millennium BC
PeriodsBronze Age, Iron Age
Site notes
Excavation dates1992-1999
ArchaeologistsE. Peltenburg
ConditionRuined
OwnershipPublic
Public accessYes

Jerablus Tahtani (formerly Tell Alawiyeh) is a small tell on the right bank of the Euphrates River four kilometers south of Carchemish in present-day Syria.

Archaeology

The mound has an area of 1 hectare with a surrounding lower town covering about 12 hectares.[1] A fort, built on the ashes of a burnt village, stood on the mound. The defensive wall exceeded 12 meters in height, including the glacis. A number of monumental tombs were found.[2] One tomb (Tomb 302) contained a large number of "champagne vessels" and animal bones which were interpreted as evidence of mortuary feasting.[3]

The site was first noted by Leonard Woolley early the 1920s while he was excavating at nearby Carchemish.[4] It was excavated from 1992 to 2000 by the British as part of the Syrian government's Tishrin Dam rescue project. As of 2000 the site was still not underwater.[5][6][7][8][9] This project successively developed into the Land of Carchemish project.

History

The site was occupied from the late Uruk period through the middle 3rd Millennium BC. Then, after a hiatus, it was occupied from the Iron Age through the Islamic period. Specifically, there were 5 occupation periods:[10]

  • Period 1 - Late Chalcolithic
  • Period 2 - Early Bronze Age
  • Period 3 - Iron Age
  • Period 4 - Roman
  • Period 5 - Islamic

See also

References

  1. ↑ Ur, Jason A., "Cycles of Civilization in Northern Mesopotamia, 4400—2000 BC", Journal of Archaeological Research, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 387–431, 2010
  2. ↑ Peltenburg, Edgar, "Conflict and Exclusivity in Early Bronze Age Societies of the Middle Euphrates Valley", Journal of Near Eastern Studies, vol. 72, no. 2, 2013, pp. 233–52, 2013
  3. ↑ Calabrese, Agata Maria Catena, "The ancestor worship in the third millennium BCE", EUT Edizioni Università di Trieste, 2020
  4. ↑ Woolley, C.L., "Carchemish II: The Town Defences", British Museum: London, 1921
  5. ↑ E. Peltenburg, Jerablus-Tahtani, American Journal of Archaeology, vol. 98, pp. 106-7, 1994
  6. ↑ E. Peltenburg, S. Campbell, P. Croft, D. Lunt, M. Murray & M. Watt, Jerablus-Tahtani, Syria, 1992-4: Preliminary Report, Levant, vol. 27, pp. 1-28, 1995
  7. ↑ E. Peltenburg, D. Bolger, S. Campbell, M. Murray and R. Tipping, Jerablus-Tahtani, Syria, 1995: Preliminary Report, Levant, vol. 28, pp. 1-25, 1996
  8. ↑ E. Peltenburg, Report on Jerablus Tahtani 1998, Levant, vol. 31, pp. 315-316, 1999
  9. ↑ Peltenburg, E. et al., "Jerablustahton, Syria, 1998-99: Preliminary Report", Levant, XXXII, pp. 53-76, 2000
  10. ↑ Ceren Kabukcu, "Early Agriculture in Northern Syria: Botanical Remains from Jerablus Tahtani", Masters Thesis, Trent University, May 2012

Further reading

  • E. Peltenburg, "Jerablus-Tahtani", American Journal of Archaeology 101, pp. 122-123, 1997
  • E. Peltenburg, "Tell Jerablus Tahtani, Syria, I. Mortuary Practices at an Early Bronze Age Fort on the Euphrates River", Oxford: Oxbow Books, Levant Supplementary Series 17, 2015 ISBN 9781785701436
  • Peltenburg, E., "Tell Jerablus Tahtani 1992-1996: A summary", In del Olmo Lete, G., and Montero Fenollos, J.-L. (eds.), Archaeology of the Upper Syrian Euphrates: The Tishrin Dam Area, Editorial Ausa, Barcelona, pp. 97-105, 1999
  • Peltenburg, E., "The living and the ancestors: Early Bronze Age mortuary practices at Jerablus Tahtani", In del Olmo Lete, G., and Montero Fenollos, J.-L. (eds.), Archaeology of the Upper Syrian Euphrates: The Tishrin Dam Area, Editorial Ausa, Barcelona, pp. 427-442, 1999
  • Edgar Peltenburg, "Diverse Settlement Pattern Changes in the Middle Euphrates Valley in the Later Third Millennium BC: The Contribution of Jerablus Tahtani", in Sociétés humaines, ed. Kuzucuoğlu and Marro, pp. 254–55, 2007
  • Sang, Li, "Burial practices of the third millennium BCE in the Middle Euphrates Region: an interpretation of funerary rituals", Unpublished PhD. Thesis, Tübingen, 2010
  • Andrew J. Shortland, "An Antimony Bead from Jerablus Tahtani", Journal of the Historical Metallurgy Society 36/1, pp. 1–5, 2002
  • Wilkinson, T. J., Peltenburg, E., McCarthy, A., Wilkinson, E., and Brown, M., "Archaeology in the land of Carchemish: Landscape surveys in the area of Jerablus Tahtani, 2006", Levant 39, pp. 213-247, 2007
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