Ministry of Justice
משרד המשפטים
Agency overview
Formed1948
JurisdictionGovernment of Israel
Minister responsible
Agency executive
  • Itamar Donenfeld, Director-General
Websitewww.justice.gov.il

The Justice Ministry (Hebrew: מִשְׂרָד הַמִשְׁפָּטִים, Misrad HaMishpatim; Arabic: وزارة العدل) is the Israeli government ministry that oversees the Israeli judicial system.

History

The office was established with the establishment of the Provisional Government in 1948. The first minister who headed it was Pinchas Rosen, and at the beginning of his career he had only three employees. The first goal of the office was to create continuity in the activity of the essential legal institutions during the transition period from British rule. In particular, there was a need to fill the positions of judges in the courts, as the British and Arab judges left. The appointment of the first judges of the Supreme Court in its incarnation as an Israeli court was approved by the Provisional Government and the Provisional Council of State in July of that year. In 1948, the Office of the General Custodian was also staffed.

Judicial swearing-in ceremony, 2015

Another goal that stood before the eyes of the heads of the ministry in the early years of the State of Israel was the formation of Israeli laws that would replace the Ottoman and Mandatory legal systems. However, the connection to British law was severed only in 1980, with the enactment of the Law on the Foundations of Law, which repealed a section of the King's Word in the Council on the Land of Israel that stated that where provisions were not established in the local law, the courts would rule according to common law and the laws of honesty. Also, even nowadays, more than 70 years after the establishment of the State of Israel, laws enacted by the mandatory legislature or new versions of such laws (such as the Torts Ordinance, the Evidence Ordinance or the Municipalities Ordinance) remain in force. The last piece of Ottoman legislation, the Majela, was abolished in 1984.

In 1949, the office consisted of three main departments: consulting, legislation and advocacy. The office also included the administrative departments: land registrar, general guardian and general registrar.[1] 506 employees worked in the office. In April 1949, the prosecutor's office and the general registrar moved to Jerusalem.[2]

List of ministers

The Justice Minister (Hebrew: שַׂר הַמִשְׁפָּטִים, Sar HaMishpatim) is the political head of the ministry. Unlike other ministries, there has never been a Deputy Minister.

# Minister Party Government Term start Term end Notes
1Pinchas RosenProgressive PartyP, 1, 214 May 19488 October 1951
2Dov YosefMapai38 October 195125 June 1952
3Haim CohnNot an MK325 June 195224 December 1952
–Pinchas RosenProgressive Party4, 5, 6, 724 December 195213 February 1956
4David Ben-GurionMapai713 February 195628 February 1956Serving Prime Minister
–Pinchas RosenProgressive Party, Liberal Party7, 8, 928 February 19562 November 1961
–Dov YosefMapai10, 11, 122 November 196112 January 1966
5Ya'akov Shimshon ShapiraMapai13, 14, 1512 January 196613 June 1972
–Ya'akov Shimshon ShapiraMapai1512 September 19721 November 1973
6Haim Yosef ZadokAlignment16, 1710 March 197420 June 1977
7Menachem BeginLikud1820 June 197724 October 1977Serving Prime Minister
8Shmuel TamirDemocratic Movement for Change1820 June 19775 August 1980
9Moshe NissimLikud18, 19, 20, 2113 August 198016 April 1986
10Yitzhak Moda'iLikud2116 April 198623 July 1986
11Avraham SharirLikud21, 2230 July 198622 December 1988
12Dan MeridorLikud23, 2422 December 198813 July 1992
13David LibaiLabour25, 2613 July 199218 June 1996
14Yaakov NeemanNot an MK2718 June 199610 August 1996
15Benjamin NetanyahuLikud2718 June 19964 September 1996Serving Prime Minister
16Tzachi HanegbiLikud274 September 19966 July 1999
17Yossi BeilinOne Israel286 July 19997 March 2001
18Meir SheetritLikud297 March 200128 February 2003
19Tommy LapidShinui3028 February 20034 December 2004
20Tzipi LivniLikud, Kadima305 December 20044 May 2006
21Haim RamonKadima314 May 200622 August 2006
–Meir SheetritKadima3123 August 200629 November 2006acting
–Tzipi LivniKadima3129 November 20067 February 2007
22Daniel FriedmannNot an MK317 February 200731 March 2009
–Yaakov NeemanNot an MK3231 March 200918 March 2013
–Tzipi LivniHatnuah3318 March 20134 December 2014
23Ayelet ShakedThe Jewish Home, New Right3414 May 20152 June 2019
24Amir OhanaLikud345 June 201917 May 2020
25Avi NissenkornIsrael Resilience Party, Blue and White3517 May 20201 January 2021
–Benny GantzIsrael Resilience Party, Blue and White351 January 20211 April 2021acting
26Benny GantzIsrael Resilience Party, Blue and White3528 April 202113 June 2021
27Gideon Sa'arNew Hope3613 June 202129 December 2022
28Yariv LevinLikud3729 December 2022

See also

References

  1. ↑ "⁨הויטומה _המשניטית בישראל ⁩ — ⁨⁨מעריב⁩ 23 יוני 1949⁩ — הספרייה הלאומית של ישראל │ עיתונים". www.nli.org.il (in Hebrew). Retrieved 2023-04-26.
  2. ↑ "⁨_חמקו מחלקות ממשרי _המשפטים ⁩ — ⁨⁨דבר⁩ 24 אפריל 1949⁩ — הספרייה הלאומית של ישראל │ עיתונים". www.nli.org.il (in Hebrew). Retrieved 2023-04-26.
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