The Indian independence movement consisted of efforts by individuals and organizations from a wide spectrum of society to obtain political independence from the British, French and Portuguese rule through the use of many methods. This is a list of individuals who notably campaigned against or are considered to have campaigned against colonial rule on the Indian sub-continent.
Post-independence, the term "freedom fighter" was officially recognized by the Indian government for those who took part in the movement; people in this category (which can also include dependent family members)[1] receive pensions and other benefits such as Special Railway Counters.[2]
List of Indian freedom fighters
| Name | Activity |
|---|---|
| Abbas Tyabji | Abbas Tyabji was an Indian freedom fighter from Gujarat, and an associate of Mahatma Gandhi. He also served as the Chief Justice of Baroda State. His grandson is historian Irfan Habib. |
| Abdul Bari (professor) | Mahatma Gandhi stated that Bari "lived like a fakir in the service of his countrymen." Then Congress President J. B. Kripalani said, "His death has robbed India one of its bravest and most selfless soldiers of freedom". Rajendra Prasad recalled his contribution to the nation through a message dated 22 March 1948 published in Mazdur Avaz. |
| Abadi Bano Begum | She was a prominent voice in the Indian independence movement, Mother of Mohammad Ali Jauhar and Shaukat Ali (politician). She was also known as Bi Amman. |
| Abdul Qaiyum Ansari | He fought for the independence of India. He fought against Jinnah's two nation theory through his All India Momin Conference of which he was the president. Mr. Ansari dedicated his life to help the underprivileged/economically backward people of India. |
| Alimuddin Ahmad | Underground Bengali revolutionary who provided shelter for numerous rebels and assisted them with weaponry |
| Alluri Sitarama Raju | He led the Rampa Rebellion of 1922. |
| Ahmadullah Shah | Famous as Maulavi of Faizabad, famous freedom fighter and was a leader of the Indian Rebellion of 1857. Maulavi Ahmadullah Shah was known as the Lighthouse of Rebellion in Awadh region. |
| Ambika Chakrabarty | A revolutionary, he took part in the Chittagong armory raid. |
| Amarendranath Chatterjee | A revolutionary, he raised funds and took part in the Indo-German Conspiracy. |
| Anant Laxman Kanhere | A revolutionary assassin, he was executed by the colonial government for the murder of a British officer A. M. T. Jackson. |
| Anant Maral Shastri | At Kashi Vidyapeeth, Acharya Narendra Deva and Acharya JB Kriplani, both renowned freedom fighters, were Anant Maral's teachers. Lal Bahadur Shastri, who rose to become Prime Minister of India after the death of Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, was his contemporary at Kashi Vidyapeeth.There was a two-year period between 1930 and 1932 during the Civil Disobedience Movement, when the British had gagged the press, Anant Maral went underground to evade arrest and published the Congress Bulletin and Congress Samachar from Allahabad. He used to write in his own hand and cut stencils to print copies of the Congress bulletin. He used to go on foot from one village to another to distribute it and carry forward the Congress message. He also served as the Youth League secretary in Varanasi. Anant Maral was arrested and kept at the Patna Camp jail during the Quit India Movement in 1942. [3] |
| Ananta Singh | A revolutionary, he participated in the Chittagong armoury raid. |
| Aruna Asaf Ali | An educator and activist who is widely remembered for hoisting the INC flag during the Quit India Movement, 1942. |
| Ashfaqulla Khan | A founding member of the HRA, he was executed for taking part in the Kakori conspiracy. |
| Atulkrishna Ghosh | A revolutionary, he took part in the Indo-German Conspiracy. |
| Babu Bhoop Singh | Ruler of Kohra (estate) and leader in the Indian Rebellion of 1857. |
| Badal Gupta | A revolutionary, he died in an attack on police at Writers' Building. |
| Bagha Jatin | A founding member of Anushilan Samiti, convicted in the Howrah-Sibpur conspiracy case and a participant in the Indo-German Conspiracy. |
| Baikuntha Shukla | A revolutionary, he was executed for murdering a government witness. |
| Bal Gangadhar Tilak | [The Father of Indian Unrest] A staunch nationalist, he campaigned for complete Swaraj (self-rule). |
| Bankim Chandra Chatterjee | A nationalist, he wrote Vande Mataram which inspired many activists and became the national song of India. |
| Barindra Kumar Ghosh | A revolutionary organizer, he was convicted in the Alipore bomb case. |
| Basawon Singh | An activist, he was convicted in the Lahore Conspiracy Case trial. |
| Batukeshwar Dutt | An Indian revolutionary participating in an armed struggle against British rule in India, he threw a bomb in the Central Assembly in 1929. |
| Benoy Basu | A revolutionary, he died following an attack on police at Writers' Building. |
| Bhagat Singh | A socialist revolutionary who worked with several revolutionary organisations and became prominent in the Hindustan Republican Association (HRA). |
| Bhagwati Charan Vohra | A revolutionary ideologue and bomb-maker, he wrote the article "The Philosophy of Bomb". |
| Bhavabhushan Mitra | Ghadar Mutiny |
| Bhikaiji Cama | Bhikaiji Cama was born in Bombay (now Mumbai) in a large, affluent Parsi Zoroastrian family.[4] While in London recovering from the plague, she met Dadabhai Naoroji, then president of the British Committee of the Indian National Congress, and for whom she came to work as private secretary. Together with Naoroji and Singh Rewabhai Rana, Cama supported the founding of Varma's Indian Home Rule Society in February 1905. She was denied re-entry to India after refusing to sign a statement pledging she would not participate in nationalist activities and, while in exile, Cama wrote, published (in the Netherlands and Switzerland) and distributed revolutionary literature for the movement, including Bande Mataram (founded in response to the Crown ban on the poem Vande Mataram) and later Madan's Talwar (in response to the execution of Madan Lal Dhingra).[5] These weeklies were smuggled into India through the French colony of Pondichéry. On 22 August 1907, Cama attended the second Socialist Congress at Stuttgart, Germany, where she described the devastating effects of a famine that had struck the Indian subcontinent. In her appeal for human rights, equality and for autonomy from Great Britain, she unfurled what she called the "Flag of Indian Independence".[n 1] |
| Bhupendranath Datta | A revolutionary, he was editor of newspaper Jugantar Patrika. |
| Bhupendra Kumar Datta | A revolutionary, editor of the publications of Anushilan Samiti. |
| Bina Das | A revolutionary, she attempted to assassinate Bengal Governor Stanley Jackson. |
| Binod Bihari Chowdhury | A revolutionary, he took part in the Chittagong armoury raid. |
| Bipin Chandra Pal | A staunch nationalist, he was a founding member of the swadeshi movement and campaigned for complete Swaraj Swadeshi movement. Pal is known as the Father of Revolutionary Thoughts in India and was one of the freedom fighters of India.Bipin Chandra Pal made a strong plea for repeal of the Arms Act which was discriminatory in nature. Along with Lala Lajpat Rai and Bal Gangadhar Tilak he belonged to the Lal-Bal-Pal trio that was associated with revolutionary activity. Sri Aurobindo Ghosh and Pal were recognised as the chief exponents of a new national movement revolving around the ideals of Purna Swaraj, Swadeshi, boycott and national education. His programme consisted of Swadeshi, boycott and national education. He preached and encouraged the use of Swadeshi and the boycott of foreign goods to eradicate poverty and unemployment. He wanted to remove social evils from the form and arouse the feelings of nationalism through national criticism. |
| Chandra Shekhar Azad | Chandrashekhar Azad was one of the greatest minds of Indian Independence Movement. He was the mentor of many freedom fighters including Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev Thapar, and Shivaram Rajguru. Chandrashekhar Azad was originally Chandrasekhar Tiwari. He was also known as Chandrasekhar Azad or Chandra Shekhar. He was involved in several incidents including Kakori train robbery, assembly bomb incident, shooting of Saunders at Lahore, and to avenge the killing of Lala Lajpat Rai.He was born on 23 July 1906 in Bhabra, Madhya Pradesh, and was the son of Pandit Sitaram Tiwari and Jagrani Devi. At Bhavra he received his early education and for higher studies, he went to Sanskrit Pathshala, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh. He got involved in revolutionary activities at a very young age. Mahatma Gandhi that time launched a Non-Cooperation movement and he joined it. He got his first punishment at an age of 15 years when he was caught by the Britishers and sentenced to 15 whiplashes. Jallianwala Bagh Massacre (1919) deeply disappointed Chandrashekhar Azad. Mahatma Gandhi launched the Non-Cooperation movement in 1921 and Chandrashekhar Azad participated actively in it. But due to the Chauri-Chaura incident, Gandhi Ji suspended the Non-Cooperation movement in February 1922 that came as a blow to the Nationalist Sentiments of Azad. He then decided Hindustan Republican Association out of a sense of patriotism and took part in several national interest activities including Kakori train robbery, assembly bomb incident, shooting of Saunders at Lahore, and to avenge the killing of Lala Lajpat Rai.He wanted complete independence for India in any which way. He was betrayed by one of his associates and was besieged by the British police. On 27 February 1931, he arranged a meeting with revolutionaries at Allahabad's Alfred Park He fought with bravery but seeing no other way to escape, he shot himself and fulfilled his pledge of not being caught alive.To commemorate the bravery of Chandrashekhar Azad, after independence, Alfred Park in Allahabad was renamed as Chandrashekhar Azad Park. He lived only for 25 years but his role played in India's independence is not forgettable and inspired several Indians to take part in India's freedom struggle. |
| Chittaranjan Das | He founded the Swaraj Party and became the leader of the Non-cooperation Movement in Bengal. |
| Chowdary Satyanarayana | He was an Indian freedom fighter, anti-colonial nationalist, politician, legislature in Andhra Pradesh Assembly (1955–62, 1967–72) and a human rights activist. |
| Dadabhai Naoroji | Known as the Grand Old Man of India, Dadabhai Naoroji was born in Navsari, Gujarat within a Parsi Zoroastrian family. He was an Indian political leader, merchant, scholar and writer who was a Liberal Party Member of Parliament in the United Kingdom House of Commons between 1892 and 1895 and the first Asian to be a British MP, other than the Anglo-Indian MP David Ochterlony Dyce Sombre, who was disenfranchised for corruption after nine months in office. Naoroji is renowned for his work in the Indian National Congress, of which he was one of the founding members and thrice — in 1886, 1893, and 1906 — elected president. Dadabhai Naoroji is regarded as one of the most important Indians during the birth of the nascent independence movement. In his writings, he came to the conclusion that the exertion of foreign rule over India was not favourable for the nation, and that independence (or at the very least, responsible government) would be the better path for India. |
| Dhan Singh Gurjar | He was the police chief of Meerut, who participated in the 1857 rebellion and led initial actions against the British East India Company in Meerut. |
| Dheeran Chinnamalai | An indigenous governor, he took part in guerrilla warfare against the British East India Company. |
| Dinesh Gupta | A revolutionary, he was executed following an attack on police at Writers' Building. |
| Durgawati Devi | A revolutionary, she helped operate a bomb factory. |
| Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed | He met Jawaharlal Nehru in England in 1925. He joined the Indian National Congress and actively participated in the Indian Freedom Movement. In 1942 he was arrested during the Quit India Movement and sentenced to 3+1⁄2 years imprisonment. He was a member of the Assam Pradesh Congress Committee from 1936 and of AICC from 1947 to 1974, and remained the Minister of Finance, Revenue and labour in 1948 Gopinath Bordoloi Ministry.
He was an Indian lawyer and politician who served as the 5th president of India from 1974 to 1977. |
| Ganesh Damodar Savarkar | Founder of the Abhinav Bharat Society. He led an armed movement against the British colonial government in India, he was sentenced to transportation for life as a result. Was the brother of Vinayak Damodar Savarkar. |
| Ganesh Ghosh | A revolutionary, he participated in the Chittagong armoury raid. |
| George Joseph (Kerala) | An activist, he led the non-cooperation movement in Madurai. |
| Hafizur Rahman Wasif Dehlavi | Activist, author and jurist. |
| Hakim Ajmal Khan | He was a physician in Delhi, India, and one of the founders of the Jamia Millia Islamia University. He also founded another institution, He was the only muslim to chair a session of the Hindu Mahasabha. He became the university's first chancellor in 1920 and remained in office until his death in 1927. |
| Habib ur Rahman (Indian National Army officer) | He was an army officer in the Indian National Army (INA) who was charged with "waging war against His Majesty the King Emperor". He served as Subhas Chandra Bose's chief of staff in Singapore, and accompanied Bose on his last fatal flight from Taipei to Tokyo, sharing the last moments of his life. |
| Seth Harchandrai Vishandas | A Sindhi politician and influential mayor of Karachi, he fought for Muslim-Hindu unity and the independence movement, particularly in opposing the Simon Commission of 1912. He died while travelling (against doctor's advice) to vote for its boycott. |
| Hare Krishna Konar | A revolutionary, founder of Communist Consolidation in Andaman Cellular Jail. It is a Nationalist organisation to uproot British Raj from India. |
| Hridyaram Mahashye | Activist and revolutionary, he participated in the Indian independence movement in the state of Uttar Pradesh. |
| Hemchandra Kanungo | A nationalist, convicted in the Alipore bomb case. |
| Hemu Kalani | A student revolutionary who was executed for attempted rail sabotage. |
| Inayatullah Khan Mashriqi | He founded the Khaksar Movement in British India. |
| Jatindra Nath Das | An activist and revolutionary, he died during a hunger strike while awaiting trial for the Lahore conspiracy case. |
| Jawahar Lal Nehru | An activist, he campaigned for independence and became India's first prime minister. |
| Jayi Rajaguru | A prominent figure of the Indian independence movement in the state of Odisha. |
| Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee | A revolutionary, he was imprisoned for the Kakori conspiracy. |
| Kali Charan Banerjee | A Bengali Christian politician, he regularly addressed the Indian National Congress annual sessions in moulding the policy of national movement. |
| Kalpana Datta | Involved in the Indian Independence Movement; also part of the Chittagong armoury raid planning. |
| Kamal Nath Tewari | He was a freedom fighter and after independence he was elected as Member of Parliament from Bagaha (Now Valmikinagar) and Bettiah (Now Paschimi Champaran) Constituency respectively he was also in the panel of LokSabha Speaker and was the president of Estimate Committee. |
| Kanneganti Hanumanthu | A freedom fighter and farmer leader who spearheaded the Palnadu Rebellion.[6] As a part of the non-cooperation movement, Hanumanthu mobilised people to not pay the Pullari tax and organised a social boycott of British officials.[7][8] Under the leadership of Hanumanthu, the Chenchus of Nallamalla Hills fought against the British as a part of Palnadu forest satyagraha in 1921-22.[9] Executed by a firing squad of British Indian police.[6][10] |
| K. Kamaraj | He was a freedom fighter and after independence he became as chief minister of Tamil Nadu and his rule for 9 years was the golden rule of Tamil Nadu. |
| Kartar Singh Sarabha | A revolutionary, he helped with the Ghadar Party paper and the attempted Ghadar Mutiny. |
| Kazi Nazrul Islam | A nationalist, he called for revolution in his poetic works and publications. |
| Khudiram Bose | One of the youngest revolutionary martyrs, he was executed following an attempted assassination bombing which accidentally killed two bystanders instead of his intended target, the Viceroy of Bengal. |
| Kittur Chennamma | An Indian freedom fighter and rani of the Kittur, a former princely state in Karnataka. She led an armed force against the British East India Company in 1824 in defiance of the doctrine of lapse in an attempt to maintain Indian control over the region, but was defeated in the third war and died in prison. |
| Komaram Bheem | A tribal leader, he fought for the liberation of Hyderabad. |
| Krishnaji Gopal Karve | A revolutionary, he was executed as an accomplice to the murder of A. M. T. Jackson. |
| Babu Kunwar Singh | A Rajput military commander in the Indian Rebellion of 1857. |
| Kushal Konwar | An organizer of the Quit India movement, he was judged the mastermind of a troop train derailment and hanged. |
| Lala Lajpat Rai | A staunch nationalist, he was a founding member of the swadeshi movement and campaigned for complete Swaraj Swadeshi movement. |
| Maulvi Liaquat Ali | A leader of the Sepoy Mutiny, he captured Khusro Bagh in Allahabad and declared the independence of India. |
| Lokenath Bal | A revolutionary, he participated in the Chittagong armoury raid. |
| Madan Lal Dhingra | An activist and revolutionary fighting against British colonial rule in India, Dhingra assassinated British official Curzon Wyllie. |
| Madhusudan Das | A leader from the Christian community in Odisha, popularly known as "Utkal Gourab". He was the first graduate and advocate of Odisha. |
| Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi | Left studies on call of Mahatma Gandhi and joined the Non-Cooperation Movement in the year 1921. Founded All India Jamhur Muslim League in 1940 to counter the Lahore resolution, passed by the All-India Muslim League, for a separate Pakistan based on Muhammad Ali Jinnah's Two nation theory.[11] |
| Mahmud Hasan Deobandi | He and his students launched the Silk Letter Movement and laid the foundation of Jamia Millia Islamia on 29 October 1920.[12] |
| Mangal Pandey | He rebelled against his British Indian army commanders and was executed. |
| Manmath Nath Gupta | A member of the HRA, he took part in the Kakori conspiracy. |
| Matangini Hazra | An activist with the Quit India Movement, she was fatally shot by British Indian police. |
| Maveeran Alagumuthu Kone | He is the First Freedom Fighter from Kattalankulam in Thoothukudi District, was an early Chieftain and freedom fighter against the British presence in Tamil Nadu. Born into a yadav community family, he became a military leader in the town of Ettayapuram, and was defeated in battle there against the British and Maruthanayagam's forces. He was executed in 1759
In his memory, the government of Tamil Nadu conducts a Pooja ceremony every year on 11 July. A documentary film based on his life was released in 2012. |
| Mazhar Nanautawi | He was among the founding figures of Mazahir Uloom. He participated in the Battle of Shamli.[13] |
| Mohammad Farooq Chishti | Coming from an affluent Zamindar family, a leading Independence Activist from Eastern part of Uttar Pradesh. Mr. Chishti fought for the independence of India, actively participated in Quit India Movement and was jailed many times. He strongly opposed Jinnah's two nation theory and rejected his offer many times for ministerial positions in Pakistani Government brought by Raja of Salempur, he dedicated his life to help the underprivileged and economically backward people of India. |
| Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi | He was the preeminent leader of nonviolent civil disobedience and led the final struggle of India to independence. |
| Muhammad Qasim Nanautavi | The founder of Darul Uloom Deoband, he participated in the Battle of Shamli.[13] |
| Maulana Mazharul Haque | He was an educator, lawyer, independence activist and freedom fighter of the Indian National Movement. A stamp was issued in his honour by the Indian Postal Service in 1981 and in 1998. |
| Nemalipuri Radhakrishnamma Panthulu | He was a great freedom fighter from Andhra Pradesh (1891–1910). |
| Mithuben Petit | Hailing from the Parsi Zoroastrian community, Mithuben Petit was a female activist in the Indian independence movement,[14][15] who famously participated in Mahatma Gandhi's Dandi March.[16][17] Petit along with Mahatma Gandhi's wife, Kasturba Gandhi, and Sarojini Naidu played a major part in the Salt March,[18] with Kasturba Gandhi beginning the march at Sabarmati, Sarojini Naidu lifting the salt for the first time at Dandi on 6 April 1930 and Petit standing behind Mahatma Gandhi when he repeated the violation at Bhimrad on 9 April 1930. The march was one of the most important event in the Indian independence movement.[14] In a time when women were required to take a back seat (due to the patriarchal culture at that time in India), Petit was one of the three women who played a pivotal role in the march and the civil disobedience against tax on salt.[18] Petit participated in the Bardoli Satyagraha of 1928 which was a no-tax campaign against the British Raj where she worked under the guidance of Sardar Patel.[19] |
| Mufti Abdul Razzaq | He participated in the freedom struggle taking part in a fight against the British near Bhopal's Qazi camp.[20] |
| Pazhassi Raja | He used guerrilla warfare to fight the British in the Cotiote War (Kottayathu war, 1793–1805) to preserve the independence of his kingdom. He was killed at Mavila Thodu at the present Kerala-Karnataka border.[21] |
| Prabhavati Devi | A Gandhian leader, she was the wife of activist Jayaprakash Narayan. |
| Prafulla Chaki | A revolutionary, he killed two innocents in a mistargetted assassination bombing. |
| Pritilata Waddedar | A Bengali revolutionary, she led the attack on the European Club in Pahartali and committed suicide to avoid capture. |
| Puli Thevar |
He is notable for leading a revolt against Company rule at 1757 in India.he was the first Indian to fight against the British. |
| Radhanath Rath[22] | He played a vital role in the freedom struggle by creating public opinion against the British government through his writings in 'samaja'. |
| Raja Nahar Singh | A Great Jat Ruler of the princely state of Ballabhgarh, he had secured the road from Delhi Gate (Delhi) to Bhadrapur (Bharatpur), who drove the British away from the parganas of Pali (Rajasthan), Palwal and Fatehpur.[23] |
| Rajendra Lahiri | A revolutionary, he participated in the Kakori conspiracy. |
| Ram Lakhan Singh Yadav | A veteran freedom fighter, Shri Yadav participated in India's freedom struggle.[24] |
| Ram Prasad Bismil | The founder of the HRA, he led the Kakori conspiracy in an attempt to raise funds for revolutionary operations. |
| Rafi Ahmed Kidwai | He was a politician, an Indian independence activist and a socialist. He hailed from Barabanki District of United Provinces, now Uttar Pradesh, in north India. The Parliament of India has a portrait of Kidwai in a Committee Room. |
| Ramesh Chandra Jha | A poet and veteran freedom fighter, he actively participated and fought for independence during Quit India movement of 1942. |
| Rani of Jhansi | One of the Pivotal Leaders of the First war of Independence of 1857. |
| Rash Behari Bose | A revolutionary, he helped form the Indian National Army in Imperial Japan. |
| Rezaul Karim | A lawyer, Rezaul Karim championed the Indian Independence movement and advocated for composite nationalism.[25] |
| Rosamma Punnoose | An activist, she campaigned for independence. |
| Roshan Singh | A revolutionary who was among those executed for the Kakori conspiracy, though he had not taken part in it. |
| S. Satyamurti | A politician, he campaigned for independence.[26] |
| Sachindra Bakshi | A member of the HRA, he took part in the Kakori conspiracy. |
| Sangolli Rayanna | The army chief of Kittur, who fought the British East India Company until his death. |
| Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel | The Iron man of India, he fought for independence and Unified India into one sovereign Nation . |
| Sarojini Naidu | An activist, she called for independence in her writing and was a major figure of the civil disobedience movement. |
| Shambhu Dutt Sharma | A former British Indian Army officer, he joined the Quit India Movement in 1942. |
| Shah Nawaz Khan | He was profoundly influenced by Subhas Chandra Bose's speeches asking POWs to join the Indian National Army and to fight for a free India, Khan led the army into North-Eastern India, seizing Kohima and Imphal which were held briefly by the INA under the authority of the Japanese. |
| Shaukat Ali | An activist and revolutionary, he campaigned for independence and supplied weapons to revolutionaries.[27] |
| Shivaram Rajguru | A revolutionary, he was an HSRA member and assassinated a British police officer in the Indian Imperial Police. |
| Shyamji Krishna Varma | A nationalist, he founded the Indian Home Rule Society, India House and The Indian Sociologist in London. |
| Subhas Chandra Bose | A nationalist, he founded the Indian Legion in Nazi Germany and revamped the Indian National Army in Imperial Japan. |
| Sri Aurobindo | A nationalist, he was arrested for leading the Alipore bomb conspiracy. |
| Subodh Roy | A revolutionary, he took part in the Chittagong armoury raid and later the Tebhaga movement. |
| Subramania Bharati | A writer and activist who created many patriotic and nationalistic songs during the independence movement. |
| Sukhdev Thapar | A revolutionary, he was a senior member of HSRA and participated in several actions before his execution. |
| Surendranath Tagore | A nationalist, he served as treasurer of the Anushilan Samiti. |
| Surya Sen | President of INC Chittagong Branch, he led the Chittagong armoury raid. |
| Sushila Chain Trehan | An activist, she was a leading member of Arya Samaj and also fought for women's rights. |
| Sushila Didi | A revolutionary, participated in the Civil Disobedience Movement under the pseudonym of 'Indumati' and was arrested. |
| Saifuddin Kitchlew | An Indian independence activist, barrister, politician and later a leader of the peace movement. A member of Indian National Congress, he first became Punjab Provincial Congress Committee (Punjab PCC) head and later the General Secretary of the All India Congress Committee in 1924. |
| Swami Shraddhanand | An activist, he started a protest in front of a posse of Gurkha soldiers at the Clock Tower in Chandni Chowk.[28] |
| Tanguturi Prakasam Pantulu | An Indian politician, he became known as "Andhra Kesari" (lion of Andhra) for leading protests against the Simon Commission in Madras. |
| Tara Rani Srivastava | An activist, she was part of the Quit India movement. |
| Titumir | A freedom fighter who led a campaign against British rule during the 19th century, he eventually built a bamboo fort in Narikelberia village which became the subject of Bengali folk legend. Titumir died of wounds following the storming of the fort by British soldiers. |
| Titusji | An activist, he was among the 78 marchers selected by Mahatma Gandhi to take part in the 1930 Salt March. |
| T. V. Thomas | One of the first generation trade union leaders in Kerala and was actively involved in the Indian independence movement. |
| Pasumpon Muthuramalinga Thevar | A leader of the socialist All India Forward Bloc, he was arrested and jailed by the British. |
| Ubaidullah Sindhi | An activist, he sought independence through foreign alliance in the Silk Letter Movement. |
| Udham Singh | A revolutionary assassin, he was executed for the Caxton Hall shooting. |
| Ullaskar Dutta | A revolutionary bomb-maker, he was convicted in the Alipore bomb case. |
| Ulloor Gopi[29] | A freedom fighter from kerala. Born in rich aristocratic family, Ulloor gopi was drawn towards the national struggle by socialist thoughts. He was arrested five times by British, in Quit India Movement his contributions could be called historical. |
| Umaji Naik Khomane | Umaji was the first Ramoshi Freedom Fighter who fought against British Council. Umaji Naik, known honorifically as Vishwa Krantiveer Narveer Raje Umaji Naik (7 September 1791 – 3 February 1832), was an Indian revolutionary who challenged the British rule in India around 1826 to 1832. He was one of the earliest freedom fighter of India. He fought against East India company and company rule |
| Uyyalawada Narasimha Reddy | He led an uprising in Andhra Pradesh in 1846 and was executed by the British.[30] |
| Uzair Gul Peshawari | An activist, he was imprisoned for the Silk Letter Movement.[31] |
| V. O. Chidambaram Pillai | A hardline politician of the Indian National Congress (INC), he launched the Swadeshi Steam Navigation Company in defiance of the British trade monopoly.[32] |
| Vanchinathan | A revolutionary assassin, he committed suicide after killing a British colonial administrator and tax collector, Robert Ashe. |
| Vasudev Balwant Phadke | A Ramoshi revolutionary, he organized an insurgent group against British rule |
| Variyan Kunnathu Kunjahammed Haji | He seized control of a large area from the British rule and set up a parallel government of his Malayalam State in Malabar, named 'Malayala Rajyam' and now part of the Kerala State[33][34][35] |
| Velu Nachiyar |
She was a queen of Sivaganga estate from c. 1780–1790. She was the first Indian queen to wage war with the East India Company in India.She is known by Tamils as Veeramangai ("brave woman") |
| Veerapandiya Kattabomman | He refused to accept the sovereignty of the British East India Company and waged a war against the British.[36] |
| Vinayak Damodar Savarkar | He was an Independence activist, politician and a Hindu Nationalist. He published books advocating complete Indian independence by revolutionary means. One of the books he published called The Indian War of Independence about the Indian rebellion of 1857. In 1910, Savarkar was arrested and ordered to be extradited to India for his connections with the revolutionary freedom group India House. He was sentenced to a total 50 years imprisonment at the Cellular Jail but later released on the promise of renouncing violence and being faithful to the British Crown.[37] |
| Zakir Husain | He was an Indian economist and politician who served as the third president of India, from 13 May 1967 until his death on 3 May 1969. He was awarded the Bharat Ratna (India's highest civilian honour) in 1963. |
| Pir Syed Sibghatullah Shah II | Sayyid Sibghatullah Shah Al-Rashidi II (Sindhi: سيد صبغت الله شاه الراشدي), Pir Pagaro the sixth, was a spiritual leader of the Hurs during the Indian independence movement. Hur (Arabic: حر meaning "free", "not slave") is a Sufi Muslim community in the province of Sindh (located in what is now Pakistan). Sayed Sibghatullah Shah Rashidi VI pagaro Was a brave leader and called as a Soreh Badshah fought against British government and played a great role for independence of sub continent .
Soreh Badshah (شهيد سورهيه بادشاهه) (the Victorious King or the great king) was the title given him by his Followers. He was hanged by the British colonial government on 20 March 1943 in the Central Jail Hyderabad, Sind. His burial place remains unknown, despite requests to the government from people living in Sindh. |
See also
- Category:Indian revolutionaries
Notes
- ↑ "This flag is of India's independence. Behold, it is born. It is already sanctified by the blood of martyred Indian youth. I call upon you, gentlemen, to rise and salute the flag of Indian independence. In the name of this flag, I appeal to lovers of freedom all over the world to cooperate with this flag in freeing one-fifth of the human race."
References
- ↑ PTI (18 August 2016). "Pension of freedom fighters hiked by Rs 5,000". The Hindu Business Line. Archived from the original on 27 November 2020. Retrieved 23 February 2017.
- ↑ Mitchell, Lisa (2009). Language, Emotion, and Politics in South India: The Making of a Mother Tongue. Indiana University Press. p. 193. ISBN 978-0-253-35301-6.
- ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 31 March 2023. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ↑ Yājñika, Acyuta; Sheth, Suchitra (2005). The Shaping of Modern Gujarat: Plurality, Hindutva, and Beyond. Penguin Books India. pp. 152–. ISBN 978-0-14-400038-8.
- ↑ Gupta, K.; Gupta, Amita, eds. (2006), Concise Encyclopaedia of India, vol. 3, New Delhi: Atlantic, p. 1015, ISBN 81-269-0639-1.
- 1 2 "Kanneganti Hanumanthu". Ministry of Culture, Government of India. Archived from the original on 10 April 2023. Retrieved 8 April 2023.
- ↑ Regani, Sarojini (1972). Highlights of the Freedom Movement in Andhra Pradesh. Ministry of Cultural Affairs, Government of Andhra Pradesh. p. 20.
- ↑ Sharma, I. Mallikarjuna (2003). In Retrospect: Part. 1. Andhra Pradesh: Heroes and Heroines of Telangana Armed Struggle. Ravi Sasi Enterprises. pp. 206, 329. ISBN 978-81-88151-01-1.
- ↑ దుర్గరాజు, శాయి ప్రమోద్ (5 August 2022). "జైహింద్ స్పెషల్: వీళ్లంతటివాడు పుల్లరి హనుమంతుడు". Sakshi (in Telugu). Archived from the original on 17 August 2022. Retrieved 8 April 2023.
- ↑ "పుల్లరిపై పల్నాటి బహిష్కరణ బాణం నీళ్లు కూడా దొరకకుండా చేసి". ETV Bharat (in Telugu). 7 April 2022. Archived from the original on 11 April 2023. Retrieved 8 April 2023.
- ↑ Ministry of Culture, Government of India. "Maghfoor Ahmad Ajazi: Unsung Hero of India's freedom struggle". amritmahotsav.nic.in. Archived from the original on 23 January 2022. Retrieved 23 January 2022.
- ↑ Adrawi, Asir. Hazrat Shaykh al-Hind: Hayat awr Karname [Shaykh al-Hind: Life and works] (in Urdu) (April 2012 ed.). Deoband: Shaykh al-Hind Academy, Darul Uloom Deoband.
- 1 2 Najmul Hasan Thanwi. Maidan-e-Shamli-o-Thana Bhawan awr Sarfaroshan-e-Islam (in Urdu). Thana Bhawan: Idara Talifat-e-Ashrafia. p. 16,17.
- 1 2 Mody, Nawaz B. (2000). Women in India's freedom struggle. Allied Publishers. ISBN 9788177640700. Archived from the original on 30 April 2021. Retrieved 30 April 2021.
- ↑ Mankekar, Kamla (2002). Women pioneers in India's renaissance, as I remember her: contributions from eminent women of present-day India. National Book Trust, India. ISBN 978-81-237-3766-9. Archived from the original on 30 April 2021. Retrieved 30 April 2021.
- ↑ "Mahatma Gandhi, Sarojini Naidu and Mithuben Petit". gandhiheritageportal.org. Archived from the original on 30 April 2021. Retrieved 2 July 2017.
- ↑ Jain, Simmi (2003). women pioneers in India's resistance. Kalpaz Publications. ISBN 9788178351742.
- 1 2 Gandhi, Gopalkrishna (5 April 2010). "The Great Dandi March – eighty years after". thehindu.com. Archived from the original on 21 March 2018. Retrieved 2 July 2017.
- ↑ Jain, Simmi (2003). Encyclopaedia of Indian Women Through the Ages: Period of freedom struggle. p. 143. ISBN 9788178351742.
- ↑ Abdul Mabood Qasmi. Mufti Abdur Razzāq Khān, Halāt-o-Khidmāt m'a Tārīkh Tarjuma wāli Masjid [Mufti Abdur Razzāq Khān, Life and services; and the history of Tarjuma wāli Masjid] (in Urdu) (June 2010 ed.). Bhopal: Jamia Islamia Arabia. pp. 241–242.
- ↑ S, Nileena M. (24 October 2011). "Remembering a warrior regent". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Archived from the original on 29 September 2021. Retrieved 19 August 2020.
- ↑ Freedom Fighters Remember. Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India. 1997. ISBN 978-81-230-0575-1.
- ↑ Muhammad Ali Jinnah
- ↑ "Regarding Passing Away Of Shri Ram Lakhan Singh Yadav, Member 10 Th Lok ... on 2 March, 2006". Archived from the original on 29 September 2021.
- ↑ Salim, Saquib; Khosa, Aasha (2022). "Rezaul Karim fought against the Partition of India". Awaz The Voice.
- ↑ "S, SATYAMURTI; Indian Political Leader, 56, Long Active in Civil Disobedience". The New York Times. 28 March 1943. (subscription required)
- ↑ Brief History of Shaukat Ali Archived 16 August 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Archived 16 August 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Archived 16 August 2017 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ G.S.Chhabra (2005). Advance Study in the History of Modern India (Volume-3: 1920-1947). Lotus Press. ISBN 978-81-89093-08-2.
- ↑ Freedom Fighters Remember. Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India. 1997. ISBN 978-81-230-0575-1. Archived from the original on 9 April 2022. Retrieved 11 March 2022.
- ↑ Ramachandran, D. P. (2008). Empire's First Soldiers. Lancer Publishers. p. 121. ISBN 9780979617478. Archived from the original on 29 September 2021. Retrieved 30 November 2020.
- ↑ Muhammad Miyan Deobandi. "Mawlana Uzair Gul". Asiran-e-Malta [Prisoners of Malta] (in Urdu) (January 2002 ed.). Deoband: Naimia Book Depot. pp. 367–376.
- ↑ Duraichi, Paul (5 September 2019). "Parturition of V.O.Chidambaram Pillai Steam Navigation Company in Indian Freedom Struggle Movement".
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ↑ "Trouble with being a Muslim freedom fighter in India: The story of Variyan Kunnathu Kunjahammed Haji". gulfnews.com. Archived from the original on 9 September 2021. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
- ↑ "Variyamkunnathu Kunjahammed Haji: Freedom fighter or religious fanatic?". The New Indian Express. Archived from the original on 11 September 2021. Retrieved 11 September 2021.
- ↑ "100 years later, Malabar Rebellion fights for screen space". The Hindu. 23 June 2020. Archived from the original on 11 September 2021. Retrieved 11 September 2021 – via www.thehindu.com.
- ↑ Kumar, Madhan (2017). Thamizh Is Not Just A Language: The Valour. Educreation Publishing. Archived from the original on 29 September 2021. Retrieved 30 November 2020.
- ↑ "Savarkar had begged the British for mercy". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 22 May 2023. Retrieved 22 May 2023.
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