2019–2021: North American debut

On 3 May 2019, Shesterkin signed a two-year, entry-level contract with the New York Rangers.^[6] Shesterkin played in his first NHL preseason game on 21 September, stopping 36 of 40 shots in a 4–1 loss to the Philadelphia Flyers.^[7] He was assigned to the Hartford Wolf Pack, the Rangers' minor league affiliate team with the American Hockey League. Shesterkin made his AHL debut during Hartford's 2019–20 season opener on 5 October,^[8] during which he made 26 saves in a 5–3 win against the Charlotte Checkers.^[8][9] On 6 January 2020, the Rangers recalled Shesterkin after having success for the Wolf Pack with whom he posted a 15–4–3 record and was named to the 2020 AHL All-Star Classic.^[10][11] In his NHL debut with the Rangers on 7 January, Shesterkin made 29 saves in a 5–3 win against the Colorado Avalanche.^[12] Two days later, Shesterkin became the sixth Rangers' goaltender to win his first two games with the team.^[13] On 23 February 2020, Shesterkin and teammate Pavel Buchnevich were involved in a car crash. Shesterkin suffered a rib fracture following the incident.^[14]

On 13 April 2021, Shesterkin earned his first shutout of his NHL career in a 3–0 win against the New Jersey Devils.^[15] Subsequently, Shesterkin recorded his second career shutout in the next game against the Devils in a 4–0 contest on 15 April.^[16] He became the second Rangers rookie with back-to-back shutouts,^[17] and the first Ranger with back-to-back shutouts since Antti Raanta in December 2016. He also became the third Ranger in franchise history with shutouts versus the same opponent in consecutive games.^[18]

2021–22: Breakout and Eastern Conference Final run

On 9 August 2021, Shesterkin signed a four-year, $22.67 million contract extension with the Rangers.^[19] On 18 October, Shesterkin made 40 out of 41 saves during a 2–1 overtime victory over the Toronto Maple Leafs. It was his seventh win with 40-plus saves since his NHL debut in January 2020; the most among all goaltenders during that time span.^[20] On 20 February 2022, after defeating the Ottawa Senators 2–1, Shesterkin became the 14th NHL goaltender with at least 50 wins in 79 starts.^[21] He concluded the 2021–22 regular season with a 36–13–4 record, leading the league in both save percentage and goals against average.^[22] Shesterkin was widely hailed as having had one of the finest showings for a goaltender in the history of the NHL. This attracted considerable speculation as to whether he should be a contender for the Hart Memorial Trophy as the league's most valuable player, seldom awarded to netminders.^[23] On 10 May, he was named as a finalist for the Vezina Trophy, awarded to the league's best goaltender.^[22] Two days later he was named as a Hart Trophy finalist, the first goaltender so honoured in five years.^[24] He ultimately won the Vezina and finished third in Hart voting.^[25][26]

The Rangers finished second in the Metropolitan Division, and in the opening round of the 2022 Stanley Cup playoffs faced the Pittsburgh Penguins, whose starting goaltender Tristan Jarry was sidelined by injury.^[27] In Game 1, Shesterkin's NHL playoff debut on 3 May, he made 79 saves in the 4–3 triple overtime loss, setting the all-time team record for saves in a playoff game, with the second most saves in a playoff game league-wide.^[28] Following a Rangers win in Game 2, the Rangers lost Games 3 and 4 by wide margins, with Shesterkin replaced by Alexandar Georgiev in the second period of each game.^[29] The Rangers subsequently rallied to win the next three games and clinch the series.^[30][31] In the next series against the Carolina Hurricanes, the Rangers rallied back from a 2–0 series deficit to win again in seven games. Shesterkin was again generally considered the difference-maker for his team, backstopping them to key wins when outshot.^[32][33][34] Shesterkin became the first goaltender in NHL history to have two assists in a playoff game in which his team faced elimination, and the fifth goaltender with two assists in a single playoff game, as well as the first Rangers goaltender with at least two assists in any game since Mike Richter in 1992.^[35]

Shesterkin during warmups in November 2022.

The Rangers advanced to the Eastern Conference Final for the first time since 2015, facing the two-time consecutive and defending Stanley Cup champion Tampa Bay Lightning. The contest with the Lightning was widely framed as a competition between Shesterkin and Lightning goaltender Andrei Vasilevskiy, the previous year's Conn Smythe Trophy winner for playoff MVP.^[36][37] Vasilevsky was considered by many, including Shesterkin himself, to be the best goaltender in the world.^[38] The Rangers ultimately lost to the Lightning in six games, while Shesterkin recorded a .929 save percentage over the course of the playoffs.^[39] Shesterkin was named a First Team All-Star after the end of the playoffs.^[40]

2022–23 All-Star season

Shesterkin was selected to his first NHL All-Star Game in 2023, which made him the seventh goaltender in Rangers history to be an all-star (Chuck Rayner, Gump Worsley, Eddie Giacomin, Gilles Villemure, Mike Richter, and Henrik Lundqvist).^[41]

In the 2023 playoffs, the Rangers lost to the New Jersey Devils in seven games despite initially having a 2–0 series lead. However, Shesterkin was a bright spot as he posted a .931 save percentage.^[42]

2023–24 Second All-Star Season

On 12 October 2023, by winning the 2023–24 season opener against the Buffalo Sabres, Shesterkin became the fastest Rangers goaltender to reach 100 wins, doing so in fewer than 187 outings.^[43] During a victory against the Carolina Hurricanes, Shesterkin suffered a "minor soreness" injury and missed a few games as a precaution, but returned against the New Jersey Devils.^[44] Earning an All-Star nod for the second consecutive season, Shesterkin became the sixth Rangers goaltender in franchise history to accomplish this milestone. He joins Henrik Lundqvist, Gilles Villemure, Ed Giacomin, Gump Worsley, and Chuck Rayner.^[45]