Hurricane Virgil
Hurricane Virgil near peak intensity late on October 3
Meteorological history
FormedOctober 1, 1992 (1992-10-01)
DissipatedOctober 5, 1992 (1992-10-05)
Category 4 hurricane
1-minute sustained (SSHWS/NWS)
Highest winds130 mph (215 km/h)
Lowest pressure948 mbar (hPa); 27.99 inHg
Overall effects
FatalitiesNone
Injuries3
Missing1
DamageMinimal
Areas affectedSouthwestern Mexico
IBTrACS
Part of the 1992 Pacific hurricane season

Hurricane Virgil was a late season hurricane of the 1992 Pacific hurricane season that struck southwestern Mexico in October 1992. Forming from a tropical wave that left Africa on September 13, it slowly developed into a tropical depression. It soon strengthened into Tropical Storm Virgil, and rapidly intensified into a hurricane on October 2. Continuing to intensify, the hurricane attained major hurricane strength, and peaked as a Category 4 hurricane off the coast of Mexico. Shortly before landfall, it weakened to a Category 2 hurricane, and it dissipated on October 5. Damage was generally minimal, though one person was reported missing.

Meteorological history

Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale
Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
triangle Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

Virgil originated from a tropical wave that moved off the coast of Africa on September 13, 1992, beginning a westward course through the Atlantic and Caribbean without much development, although there was an increase convection near the Lesser Antilles on the September 20. However, this was disorganized and suppressed by an upper-level trough during the wave's passage through the Caribbean Sea. The wave crossed over Panama on September 25, and convection began to increase when it reached the Eastern Pacific, although it was initially disorganized. The system later became better organized, and on October 1, the wave organized into a tropical depression. Shortly thereafter, it was upgraded to a tropical storm and was named Virgil.[1]

Upon becoming a tropical storm, the system was expect to move near the coast of Mexico, and forecasters noted that there was some potential for a landfall.[2] The system became a little better organized and over warm water and low wind shear Virgil steadily intensified.[1][3] Virgil was upgraded to a hurricane the next day; an eye formed an hour later. During the period of strengthening, Virgil turned more towards the north.[1] Continued strengthening occurred, and it attained major hurricane status on October 2. At this time, the system was anticipated to make landfall in Mexico as a Category 4 hurricane.[4] The storm had maximum winds of 130 mph (215 km/h), but shortly thereafter the storm began to weaken.[1]

By 0900 UTC October 2, the eye started to become less defined. Based on this, the storm was downgraded into a category 3 hurricane.[5] Although an eye was no longer visible on satellite imagery, the storms had displayed very deep convection, thus the NHC initially maintained the intensity at 120 mph (195 km/h).[6] Virgil's eye continued to become less defined, and was downgraded to Category 2 intensity at the time of first landfall on October 4 in Michoacan midway between Manzanillo and Lazaro Cardenas.[1][7]. After briefly tracking over Manzanillo Bay, the hurricane moved onshore Colima as a Category 1 hurrican.[7] It rapidly weakened over land, and was a dissipating tropical depression by the time it moved offshore.[8]

Preparations and Impact

Prior to the arrival of the hurricane, several watches and warnings were issued. During the afternoon of October 2, a hurricane watch was first issued for areas west of Zinhuantatenjo. The next day, the watch was upgraded into a hurricane warning. Fifteen hours later the area east of Zinhuantatenjo, a tropical storm warning was issued. The watches were gradually dropped over the next few days, and by October 4.[9] The NHC warned the possibility of mudslides and landslides and 15 in (380 mm) of rain in the high terrain of Mexico.[6]

Due to the sparsely populated area it struck, only minor damage was reported. Heavy rain and flooding were reported, peaking at over 10 inches (25 cm) in one location. One person was reported missing in the state of Colima, and three people were injured in Guerrero. More than 1,000 homes were damaged in Guerrero, Michoacán, and Colima, as was 7,400 acres (30 km2) of farmland. A flood on the Atoyac River washed away 500 homes in Guerrero, which prompted the evacuation of 2,500 people. A passenger train north of Lázaro Cárdenas, Michoacán, was derailed when it encountered washed-out roadbeds.[10] The storm also caused power outages.[11]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Richard J Pasch. "Hurricane Virgil Tropical Cyclone Report Page 1". National Hurricane Center. p. 1. Retrieved April 18, 2010.
  2. ↑ Edward N. Rappaport (January 10, 1992). "Tropical Storm Virgil Discussion 3". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved May 8, 2010.
  3. ↑ Lixion Avila (October 2, 1992). "Tropical Storm Virgil Discussion 5". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved May 8, 2010.
  4. ↑ Edward N. Rappaport (February 10, 1992). "Hurricane Virgil Discussion 7". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved May 8, 2010.
  5. ↑ Lixion Alivia (March 10, 1992). "Hurricane Virgil Discussion 9". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved November 26, 2010.
  6. 1 2 Edward N. Rappaport (October 3, 1992). "Hurricane Virgil Discussion 10". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved November 26, 2010.
  7. 1 2 National Hurricane Center; Hurricane Research Division; Central Pacific Hurricane Center (April 4, 2023). "The Northeast and North Central Pacific hurricane database 1949–2022". United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. A guide on how to read the database is available here. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  8. ↑ Richard J. Pasch. "Hurricane Virgil Tropical Cyclone Report Page 2". National Hurricane Center. p. 2. Retrieved April 18, 2010.
  9. ↑ Richard J Pasch. "Hurricane Virgil Tropical Cyclone Report Page 5". National Hurricane Center. p. 2. Retrieved April 18, 2010.
  10. ↑ Edward N. Rappaport and Miles B. Lawrence (January 2, 1993). "Eastern Pacific hurricanes: 1992". Monthly Weather Review. National Hurricane Center. 122: 549. doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1994)122<0549:ENPHSO>2.0.CO;2. ISSN 1520-0493. Retrieved May 30, 2009.
  11. ↑ Staff Writer (October 21, 1992). "Tropical Storms". The News. Retrieved May 8, 2010.
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