Holovanivsk
Голованівськ | |
|---|---|
 | |
  Holovanivsk  Holovanivsk | |
| Coordinates: 48°22′48″N 30°26′50″E / 48.38000°N 30.44722°E | |
| Country |  Ukraine |
| Oblast |  Kirovohrad Oblast |
| Raion |  Holovanivsk Raion |
| Founded | 1757 |
| Population (2022) | |
| • Total | 5,646 |
| Postal code | 26500 |
Holovanivsk (Ukrainian: Голованівськ) is an urban-type settlement and the administrative center of Holovanivsk Raion in the west of Kirovohrad Oblast, Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Holovanivs'k settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.[1] Population: 5,646 (2022 estimate).[2]
History
It was a village in the Baltsky Uyezd of the Podolian Governorate of the Russian Empire.
A local newspaper is published here since March 1932.[3]
The village was a shtetl home to thousands of Jews through the 1930s. Often targeted by pogroms, Jewish residents organized a self-defense militia after an incident on December 18, 1917, in which the Jewish stands of the town marketplace were looted and nine pogromists and civilians were killed in the ethnic violence that followed.[4]
The Jewish self-defense unit was defeated by White Army forces commanded by Yakov Slashchov on August 4, 1919, when Slashchov’s forces killed 200 Jews in Holovanivs'k as retaliation for the militia’s armed opposition.[5] In February 1920, retreating White Army forces under Anton Denikin killed 50 Jews at Holovanivs'k.[6]
During World War II the village was under Nazi German occupation, the Jewish population of the village largely exterminated in two major operations in late September 1941 and February 1942. The town was liberated the Red Army on March 17, 1944. A local public garden on the grounds of the Museum of the History of Golovaniv District contains a mass grave of Jewish remains with a memorial inscribed: “The shooting place of residents of Holovanivs'k village.”[7]
In January 1989 the population was 7066 people.[8]
In January 2013 the population was 6133 people.[9]
References
- ↑ "Голованевская громада" (in Russian). Портал об'єднаних громад України.
- ↑ Чисельність наявного населення України на 1 січня 2022 [Number of Present Population of Ukraine, as of January 1, 2022] (PDF) (in Ukrainian and English). Kyiv: State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 July 2022.
- ↑ № 2856. Коммунистический труд // Летопись периодических и продолжающихся изданий СССР 1986—1990. Часть 2. Газеты. М., «Книжная палата», 1994. стр.375
- ↑ Klinov, Y. "A Chapter of Self-Defense: Trying to Reach an Understanding with the Ukrainians – The Pogrom of 18 December 1917". JewishGen Yizkor Book Project.
- ↑ "Yad Vashem: The World Holocaust Remembrance Center, Holovanivs'k".
- ↑ "Jews Massacred in Russia Fresh Outbreaks Reported During Recent Denikine Retreat". New York Tribune. February 25, 1920.
- ↑ Buryak, Chaim (28 May 2020). "Holovanivs'k". History of Jewish Communities in Ukraine.
- ↑ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность городского населения союзных республик, их территориальных единиц, городских поселений и городских районов по полу
- ↑ Чисельність наявного населення України на 1 січня 2013 року. Державна служба статистики України. Київ, 2013. стор.71