Heliozelidae
Adult female Aspilanta oinophylla
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Superfamily: Adeloidea
Family: Heliozelidae
Heinemann & Wocke, 1876
Genera

13, see text

The Heliozelidae, commonly known as shield-bearer moths, are a family of small, day flying monotrysian moths distributed worldwide. The larvae of most heliozelid species are leaf miners who cut distinctive shield-shaped cases from the surface of the host leaf, hence the common name. Some species are considered pests of commercial crops such as grapevines, cranberries, and walnuts. The taxonomy of this family is poorly understood.[1][2]

Classification

This family includes the following genera and species:[3]

References

  1. ↑ Milla, Liz; van Nieukerken, Erik J.; Vijverberg, Ruben; Doorenweerd, Camiel; Wilcox, Stephen A.; Halsey, Mike; Young, David A.; Jones, Therésa M.; Kallies, Axel; Hilton, Douglas J. (2017). "A preliminary molecular phylogeny of shield-bearer moths (Lepidoptera: Adeloidea: Heliozelidae) highlights rich undescribed diversity". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. Academic Press. 120: 129–143. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2017.12.004. ISSN 1055-7903.
  2. ↑ Milla, Liz; Moussalli, Adnan; Wilcox, Stephen A.; van Nieukerken, Erik J.; Young, David A.; Halsey, Mike; McConville, Thomas; Jones, Therésa M.; Kallies, Axel; Hilton, Douglas J. (2019). "Phylotranscriptomics resolves phylogeny of the Heliozelidae (Adeloidea: Lepidoptera) and suggests a Late Cretaceous origin in Australia". Systematic Entomology. Royal Entomological Society. 45 (1): 128–143. doi:10.1111/syen.12383. hdl:11343/286225. ISSN 1365-3113.
  3. ↑ "Heliozelidae". Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Retrieved 8 December 2023.
  4. 1 2 3 4 Meyrick, Edward (1916). Exotic Microlepidoptera. Vol. 2. Taylor and Francis. pp. 8–9 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
  5. ↑ Lee, Bong-Woo; Hirowatari, Toshiya; Kuroko, Hiroshi; Arita, Yutaka (2006). "A new species of the genus Antispila Hubner (Lepidoptera, Heliozelidae), feeding on Cleyera japonica (Theaceae) from Japan". Lepidoptera Science. J-STAGE. 57 (1): 7–12. doi:10.18984/lepid.57.1_7. ISSN 1880-8077.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 Meyrick, Edward (1921). Exotic Microlepidoptera. Vol. 2. Taylor and Francis. pp. 403–404 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
  7. ↑ Lee, Bong-Woo; Hirowatari, Toshiya; Kuroko, Hiroshi (2006). "A New Species of Antispila (Lepidoptera: Heliozelidae) from the Ryukyus, Japan, with Descriptions of Immature Stages". Annals of the Entomological Society of America. Oxford University Press. 99 (6): 1019–1027. doi:10.1603/0013-8746(2006)99[1019:ANSOAL]2.0.CO;2. ISSN 0013-8746.
  8. 1 2 Liao, Cheng-Qing; Yagi, Sadahisa; Hirowatari, Toshiya; Huang, Guo-Hua (2019). "Two new species of Antispila Hübner (Lepidoptera: Adeloidea: Heliozelidae) associated with Hydrangea (Hydrangeaceae) from China". Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology. Elsevier. 22 (3): 941–946. doi:10.1016/j.aspen.2019.07.017. ISSN 1876-7990.
  9. ↑ Wang, Nan; Liu, Tengteng; Xu, Jiasheng; Jiang, Bin (2018). "The leaf-mining genus Antispila Hübner, 1825 feeding on Vitaceae in Shandong Peninsula, China with one new species (Lepidoptera, Heliozelidae)". ZooKeys. Pensoft Publishers. 744: 49–65. doi:10.3897/zookeys.744.2242. ISSN 1313-2970.
  10. 1 2 3 Meyrick, Edward (1931). Exotic Microlepidoptera. Vol. 4. Taylor and Francis. pp. 185–186 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
  11. ↑ Liu, Tengteng; Wang, Shuxia (2017). "First report of the leaf-mining genus Antispila Hübner, [1825] from mainland China, with the description of a new species feeding on Cornus (Lepidoptera, Heliozelidae)". ZooKeys. Pensoft Publishers. 686: 95–107. doi:10.3897/zookeys.686.13680. ISSN 1313-2970. PMC 5672564.
  12. ↑ van Nieukerken, Erik J.; Wullaert, Steve; Lee, Bong-Woo; Bryner, Rudolf (2021). "Antispilina ludwigi Hering, 1941 (Lepidoptera, Heliozelidae) a rare but overlooked European leaf miner of Bistorta officinalis (Polygonaceae): new records, redescription, biology and conservation". Nota Lepidopterologica. Pensoft Publishers. 44: 99–121. doi:10.3897/nl.44.63848.
  13. 1 2 van Nieukerken, Erik J.; Eiseman, Charles S. (2020). "Splitting the leafmining shield-bearer moth genus Antispila Hübner (Lepidoptera, Heliozelidae): North American species with reduced venation placed in Aspilanta new genus, with a review of heliozelid morphology". ZooKeys. Pensoft Publishers (957): 105–161. doi:10.3897/zookeys.957.53908. ISSN 1313-2970.
  14. ↑ van Nieukerken, Erik J.; Geertsema, Henk (2015). "A new leafminer on grapevine and Rhoicissus (Vitaceae) in South Africa within an expanded generic concept of Holocacista (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Heliozelidae)". ZooKeys. Pensoft Publishers. 507: 41–97. doi:10.3897/zookeys.507.9536. ISSN 1313-2970. PMC 4490219.
  15. 1 2 Meyrick, Edward (1897). "Descriptions of Australian Microlepidoptera. XVII. Elachistidae". Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales. Linnean Society of New South Wales. 22: 297–435 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
  16. ↑ Bradley, John David (1961). "Microlepidoptera from the Solomon Islands. Additional records and descriptions of Microlepidoptera collected in the Solomon Islands by the Rennell Island Expedition 1953-54". Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology. British Museum. 10: 167–168 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
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