This article presents an overview of university rankings in Pakistan. Within Pakistan, the Higher Education Commission (HEC) provides official rankings of higher education institutions (HEIs) nationally, based on a multitude of criteria.[1] There are also various magazines, newspapers and international agencies/standards which provide rankings and analysis.

According to the 2015 HEI rankings released by the HEC, the top six universities in Pakistan are, in descending order: [MUST Mirpur University of Sciences and Technology], University of the Punjab (PU), University of Central Punjab (UCP), Quaid-i-Azam University, University of Agriculture in Faisalabad (UAF) and Aga Khan University (AKU).[2][3]

As of 2022, total 6 universities were ranked in top 1000 by QS World University Rankings: NUST (#334), Quaid-i-Azam University (#378), PIEAS (#398), LUMS (#651), University of The Punjab (#701) and UET, Lahore (#801), .[4] In rankings for 2023, the number increased to 7, with the addition of University of Peshawar (#801).[5]

National

Up to date, the HEC has published rankings for the years 2006, 2012, 2013, 2014 and most recently 2015.[2] In addition to the top ten and general rankings, independent rankings are also provided for universities and institutes in the categories of agriculture and veterinary science; arts and design; business; engineering and technology; and medicine.[2] The HEC ranking uses five criteria, all of which have specific weightings and are summed to give an aggregate score out of 100. Institutional rankings are determined based on this aggregate score. Each criterion and its weighting is dependent upon a set of sub-components. The five criteria, along with their weighted score and sub-components are summarized below:

  • Quality assurance (15) – Standard of M.Phil., M.S. and PhD courses; eligibility criteria for faculty member appointments; plagiarism policy compliance; assessment of Quality Enhancement Cells (QECs) for internal quality assurance;[6] international awards/honors attained by students; affiliation of coursework with national accreditation bodies e.g. NAEAC, NBEAC, NCEAC, PEC and PMDC; latest international rankings of the university/institute.[2]
  • Teaching quality (30) – Staff to student ratio; ratio of PhD faculty and full-time faculty; faculty training and recruitment; student enrollment ratio and selectivity; national and international awards/recognition attained by faculty members.[2]
  • Research (41) – Nationally and internationally registered patents, varieties, technologies, breeds and creative work; university industrial linkages through Offices of Research, Innovation and Commercialization (ORICs);[7] ratio of PhD students and total PhD output per year; amount of external research grants obtained; amount of travel grants obtained by faculties for presentation of papers abroad; number of papers published in ISI Web of Science impact factor journals and HEC-recognized journals; citations per paper; university h-index; number of W and X category journals published; internet bandwidth and HEC Digital Library utilization; number of national and international conferences/seminars/workshops/symposia organized.[2]
  • Finance and facilities (10) – Ratio of non-salary expenditures in total budget; amount generated through own resources; amount of budget expended on research and libraries; computers available per student and faculty; number of books and resources in libraries; number of external scholarships received by students.[2]
  • Social integration/community development (4) – Community outreach programs and services; international collaborations and student exchange programs; number of international students enrolled and foreign faculty.[2]

Top ten rankings

According to the 2015 HEC rankings, the following comprise the overall top ranking higher education institutions in the country.[2]

RankingUniversityScore
1University of Poonch96.28
2University of The Punjab95.01
3COMSATS Institute of Information Technology79.40
4National University of Science and Technology66.78
5Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences74.88
6Lahore University of Management Sciences60.69
7Government College University, Faisalabad68.00
8Institute of Business Administration (IBA)70.09
9Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan66.78

Agriculture and veterinary science

RankingUniversityScore
1University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences95.68
2University of Agriculture (Peshawar)62.85
3Sindh Agriculture University46.90
4Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences42.65

Arts and design

RankingUniversityScore
10National College of Arts100.00
2Indus Valley School of Art and Architecture82.53

Business

According to the 2022 HEC rankings, the following comprise the top ranking business schools in the country.[2]

1Institute of Business Management, Karachi100.00
2Lahore University of Management Sciences98.70
3University of The Punjab96.00
4Institute of Management Sciences (Peshawar)80.32
5Sukkur Institute of Business Administration75.83
6Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology75.70
7The Superior College. 0.30
8Lahore School of Economics72.91
9University of Central Punjab67.34
10Greenwich University58.75
11GIFT University54.66
12COMMECS Institute of Business and Emerging Sciences41.79
13Khadim Ali Shah Bukhari Institute of Technology22.16
14Institute of Management Sciences (Lahore)25.39
15Dadabhoy Institute of Higher Education7.54

Computer Sciences (CS), Software Engineering (SE) and Information Technology (IT)

Rankings for Computer science and information technology Institutes are updated as of 2022.

RankingUniversity
1FAST NUCES
2COMSATS University Islamabad
3National University of Sciences and Technology
4University of the Punjab
5Bahria University
6Information Technology University
7University of Engineering and Technology Lahore
8Air University, Islamabad
9Quaid-e-Azam University
10University of Lahore

Engineering and technology

According to the 2022 HEC rankings, the following comprise the top ranking engineering universities in the country.[2]

RankingUniversityScore
1National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST)100.00
2Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology96.67
3NED University of Engineering and Technology75.34
4Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences72.46
5Air University63.97
6Institute of Space Technology58.88
7University of Engineering and Technology (Lahore)57.74
8University of Engineering and Technology (Peshawar)57.22
9University of Engineering and Technology, Taxila55.32
10Textile Institute of Pakistan52.30
11Dawood university of engineering and technology, karachi51.06
12Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences48.60
13Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering, Science and Technology45.78
14Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology45.08
15HITEC University45.01
16CECOS University of Information Technology and Emerging Sciences43.96
17Balochistan University of Engineering and Technology43.91
18Indus University43.39
19mehran university, jamshoro42.48

Medicine

According to the 2022 HEC rankings, the following comprise the top ranking medical schools in the country.[2]

RankingUniversityScore
1Aga Khan University100.00
2National University of Medical Sciences83.54
3Dow University of Health Sciences64.53
4University of Health Sciences (Lahore)61.62
5Khyber Medical University57.28
6Jinnah Sindh Medical University53.62
7Bahria Medical and Dental University51.99
8Ziauddin University50.56
9Sindh Institute of Medical Sciences43.64
10Baqai Medical University41.58
11Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical University37.03
12Hamdard University36.45
13King Edward Medical University32.25

General rankings

RankingUniversityScore
1University of The Punjab100.00
2National University of Sciences & Technology100.00
3Institute of Business Administration, Karachi79.480
4Lahore Women University71.424
5Islamia College University63.539
6Lahore University of Management Sciences60.694
7NUST(National University of science and Technology)60.348
8Karachi School of Business and Leadership50.054
9Bahauddin Zakariya University59.350
10Pakistan Institute of Development Economics58.878
11Islamia University of Bahawalpur57.836
12Riphah International University55.519
13International Islamic University55.390
14Government College University (Lahore)54.293
15University of Science and Technology (Bannu)53.802
16University of Faisalabad52.694
17Abdul Wali Khan University52.362
18University of Sargodha52.361
19University of Malakand52.284
20Forman Christian College50.853
21Government College University Faisalabad50.534
22University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir50.117
23
24University of Gujrat49.620
25Kohat University of Science and Technology49.607
26Gomal University49.570
27Lahore College for Women University49.506
28Hazara University48.195
29University of Lahore47.970
30DHA Suffa University47.887
31National University of Modern Languages47.517
32University of Sindh47.448
33National Defence University47.344
34Islamia College University46.645
35University of Management and Technology (Lahore)46.083
36University of Balochistan45.804
37Federal Urdu University45.688
38Fatima Jinnah Women University45.494
39City University of Science and Information Technology44.955
40Qurtuba University43.595
41Shah Abdul Latif University43.582
42Karachi Institute of Economics and Technology43.006
43Mohammad Ali Jinnah University42.177
44Minhaj University41.443
45Foundation University41.173
46Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University41.126
47Abasyn University39.563
48Beaconhouse National University39.388
49Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University (Sheringal)39.190
50University of Education39.136
51Hajvery University38.596
52Institute of Business and Technology38.487
53Kinnaird College for Women University37.756
54Karakoram International University37.745
55Jinnah University for Women36.774
56Preston University36.488
57National College of Business Administration and Economics35.747
58Ali Institute of Education35.052
59University of Peshawar59.662
60Mohi-ud-Din Islamic University33.558
61Sardar Bahadur Khan Women's University33.503
62Newports Institute of Communications and Economics32.749
63Imperial College of Business Studies31.723
64Mirpur University of Science and Technology30.427
3Quaid e Azam University85.98
66Northern University29.051
67Al-Khair University28.817
68Benazir Bhutto Shaheed University25.305
69University of South Asia24.667
70Preston University22.201
71Al-Hamd Islamic University21.469
72Preston Institute of Management Science and Technology19.447
73Nazeer Hussain University12.436

Notes:

  • Institutions not included in the HEC rankings include distance learning universities, military academies, universities chartered after the 30th of June 2010 and those institutions for which sufficient data is not available.
  • Source: Higher Education Commission, as of 23 February 2016.

International rankings

Quacquarelli Symonds (QS)

The QS World University Rankings is one of the most widely referenced international ranking systems. Pakistan is ranked 50th globally in terms of its higher education system's strength.[8] Following is the list of 13 Universities which appeared in 2022 - 2023 edition of QS World University Rankings:[9]

National rankingWorld rankingAsia ranking (2022)[10]Subject ranking/s (world) (2016)UniversityProvince
133474Computer science and information systems: 251–300; Electrical and electronic engineering: 301–350; Engineering and technology: 340NUSTIslamabad
236391Computer science and information systems: 201–250; Mathematics: 225–250; Physics and astronomy: 2251–250[11]Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabad
3390189PIEASIslamabad
4601116Business and management studies: 251–300; Computer science and information systems: 401–450[12]LUMSPunjab
5801 – 1000145University of the PunjabPunjab
6801 – 1000183Electrical and electronic engineering: 251–300[13]UET, LahorePunjab
7801 – 1000197University of PeshawarKhyber Pakhtunkhwa
81001 – 1200137Computer science and information systems: 401–500Virtual University of Pakistan
91001 – 1200214Agriculture and forestry: 51–100[14]University of Agriculture, Faisalabad Punjab
101001 – 1200301 – 350The University of LahorePunjab
111201 – 1400245University of KarachiSindh
121201 – 1400301 – 350Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityPunjab
131201 – 1400301 – 350IIUIIslamabad
——183Medicine: 301–400[15]Aga Khan UniversitySindh

Research Papers in Economics/IDEAS

Research Papers in Economics (RePEc) ranks the top 25% institutions and schools/faculties in the field of economics research, using its IDEAS database. The database takes a number of factors into account, such as item citations, journals and working papers, authorship and field-based ranks. The database rankings are updated on a monthly basis. Provided below are the most recent country rankings for Pakistan:

RankingUniversitySchool or department
1Pakistan Institute of Development EconomicsDepartment of Econometrics and Statistics
2COMSATS Institute of Information TechnologyDepartment of Management Sciences
4National University of Computer and Emerging SciencesDepartment of Computer Sciences
5Quaid-i-Azam UniversitySchool of Economics
6Institute of Business Administration—
7Federal Urdu UniversitySchool of Economic Sciences
8International Islamic UniversityInternational Institute of Islamic Economics
9University of KarachiApplied Economics Research Centre
10Lahore University of Management SciencesDepartment of Economics
11University of the PunjabDepartment of Economics
12Iqra UniversityResearch Centre
13National University of Sciences and TechnologyNUST Business School
14University of SargodhaDepartment of Economics
16University of KarachiDepartment of Economics

Notes:

  • For the purpose of this article, non-academic institutions ranked in the database have been excluded from this list.
  • Source: Pakistan rankings, RePEc/IDEAS as of March 2016.

Round University Ranking

The Round University Ranking, compiled by the RUR Ranking Agency in Russia in partnership with Thomson Reuters, ranks the top 750 universities based on standards of teaching, research, international diversity and financial sustainability. The following Pakistani universities are listed in the 2016 rankings:

RankingWorld rankingUniversityScoreLeagueDimensional rankings (world)
1610National University of Sciences and Technology31.205World LeagueTeaching: 482 (Copper League); Research: 639 (World League); International diversity: 427 (Copper League); Financial sustainability: 652 (World League)[16]
2627NED University of Engineering and Technology29.520World LeagueTeaching: 515 (World League); Research: 635 (World League); International diversity: 466 (Copper League); Financial sustainability: 673 (World League)[17]

SCImago Institutions Rankings

The SCImago Institutions Rankings (SIR) are published by the SCImago Research Group, a Spanish academic research organisation. The rankings measure universities using indicators such as research, innovation and web visibility. Included below are the 19 Pakistani universities listed in these rankings and their positions in terms of the latter two indicators (as of 2014).

Innovative KnowledgeUniversityTechnological ImpactUniversityWebsiteUniversityInbound LinksUniversity
1University of Karachi1Bahauddin Zakariya University1University of the Punjab1Islamia University
2University of Agriculture (Faisalabad)2University of Karachi2International Islamic University2Aga Khan University
3COMSATS Institute of Information Technology3University of Sargodha3National University of Sciences and Technology3University of the Punjab
4Bahauddin Zakariya University4National University of Sciences and Technology4Quaid-i-Azam University4Federal Urdu University
5National University of Sciences and Technology5University of Agriculture (Faisalabad)5Aga Khan University5Bahauddin Zakariya University
6Quaid-i-Azam University6University of Engineering and Technology (Lahore)6University of Peshawar6COMSATS Institute of Information Technology
7University of the Punjab7COMSATS Institute of Information Technology7Dow University of Health Sciences7University of Peshawar
8University of Sargodha8Government College University (Lahore)8Islamia University8Quaid-i-Azam University
9Government College University (Lahore)9Islamia University9University of Engineering and Technology (Lahore)9University of Engineering and Technology (Lahore)
10Islamia University10University of the Punjab10University of Sindh10University of Karachi
11University of Engineering and Technology (Lahore)11Government College University (Faisalabad)11University of Agriculture (Faisalabad)11University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences
12Aga Khan University12Quaid-i-Azam University12Government College University (Lahore)12International Islamic University
13Government College University (Faisalabad)13University of Sindh13University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences13Government College University (Faisalabad)
14University of Sindh14Aga Khan University14Abdul Wali Khan University14Government College University (Lahore)
15Abdul Wali Khan University15Abdul Wali Khan University15Government College University (Faisalabad)15National University of Sciences and Technology
16Dow University of Health Sciences16Dow University of Health Sciences16Bahauddin Zakariya University16University of Sindh
17International Islamic University17International Islamic University17University of Karachi17University of Sargodha
18University of Peshawar18University of Peshawar18Federal Urdu University18University of Agriculture (Faisalabad)
19University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences19University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences19COMSATS Institute of Information Technology19Dow University of Health Sciences

Notes:

Times Higher Education

The Times Higher Education World University Rankings is a prominent publication of university rankings, released by the UK-based Times Higher Education magazine. It includes overall, subject and reputation-wise rankings, 150 Under 50 rankings, as well as two regional rankings: Asia, and BRICS and Emerging Economies. In the 2015–2016 edition, the following ranks were applicable to Pakistani universities:

RankingWorld rankingAsia rankingBRICS & Emerging Economies ranking150 Under 50 rankingUniversity
1601–800———COMSATS Institute of Information Technology
2601–800121–130132101–150National University of Sciences and Technology
3601–800101–110107—Quaid-i-Azam University
4801———University of Agriculture (Faisalabad)
5801———Bahauddin Zakariya University
6801———National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences
7801———University of Lahore

Notes:

UI GreenMetric Ranking

The GreenMetric Ranking of World Universities is published by Universitas Indonesia (UI). It ranks over 400 world universities according to their eco-friendly environment and commitment to sustainability. Three instruments are used as the basis of the ranking criteria: Environment, Economics and Equity.[18] The 2015 edition includes the following overall and indicator-specific world rankings for Pakistani universities:

RankingUniversityOverall rankingSetting & infrastructureEnergy & climate changeWasteWaterTransportationEducationCampus setting
1University of Agriculture (Faisalabad)128921653221485634Urban: 57
2Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University22025332729110120195Urban: 110
3University of Lahore27015427035639492204Urban: 138
4University of Karachi35560339397291262336Urban: 189
5International Islamic University392293382406282287226City Center/High Rise: 53

U-Multirank

U-Multirank is an independent ranking system funded by the European Commission under the Erasmus Programme. The ranking is supported by a consortium of academics in Europe. It provides multi-dimensional listings for universities, in terms of academic fields as well as various education-specific indicators. Universities are rated against these indicators using a grading system, ranging from 'A' (very good) to 'E' (weak). The 2016 rankings include the following Pakistani universities along with their grades:

RankUniversityTeaching & learningResearchKnowledge transferInternational orientationRegional engagement
1University of Veterinary and Animal SciencesBachelors graduation rate: A; Masters graduation rate: A; Graduating on time (bachelor): A; Graduating on time (masters): ACitation rate: D; Research publications: A; External research income: ACo-publications with industrial partners: D; Private income: D; Patents: E; Publications cited in patents: EInternational joint publications: DBachelor graduates working in region: D; Regional joint publications: B; Regional income sources: E
2Institute of Management Sciences (Peshawar)Graduating on time (bachelor): A; Graduating on time (masters): A————
3Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management SciencesBachelors graduation rate: B; Masters graduation rate: C; Graduating on time (bachelor): B; Graduating on time (masters): CCitation rate: D; Research publications: D; External research income: DCo-publications with industrial partners: B; Private income: D; Patents: E; Publications cited in patents: EStudent mobility: D; International joint publications: ABachelor graduates working in region: B; Regional joint publications: B; Regional income sources: B

Notes:

University Ranking by Academic Performance

The University Ranking by Academic Performance (URAP), developed at the Middle East Technical University in Turkey, ranks the top 2,000 global institutions with an emphasis on research impact and quality, and scientific productivity. It uses indicators such as articles published, citations, total documents, article and citation impact, and international collaboration. The 2015–2016 edition provides the following national, international and regional rankings along with field-based ranks (as of 2014–2015) for Pakistani universities:

RankingWorld rankingAsia rankingUniversityField-based ranking/s (world)
1595128Quaid-i-Azam UniversityBiological sciences: 772; Chemical sciences: 661; Engineering: 588; Mathematical sciences: 189; Medical and health sciences: 949; Physical sciences: 305; Information and computing sciences: 201
2967259COMSATS Institute of Information TechnologyChemical sciences: 872; Engineering: 669; Information and computing sciences: 577; Mathematical sciences: 499; Physical sciences: 699
3973263University of Agriculture (Faisalabad)Agricultural and veterinary sciences: 167; Biological sciences: 625; Engineering: 1,015; Environmental sciences: 400
41,040292University of the PunjabBiological sciences: 651; Engineering: 1,139; Mathematical sciences: 656; Medical and health sciences: 986; Physical sciences: 692
51,059295Aga Khan UniversityMedical and health sciences: 513
61,101309National University of Sciences and TechnologyEngineering: 933; Mathematical sciences: 487; Physical sciences: 761
71,261375University of KarachiBiological sciences: 777; Chemical sciences: 688; Medical and health sciences: 878
81,343407Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityEngineering: 1,224
91,403435Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied SciencesBiological sciences: 995; Engineering: 1,061; Physical sciences: 932
101,475464Government College University (Faisalabad)—
111,558503University of Peshawar—
121,581512Government College University (Lahore)Mathematical sciences: 871
131,646533University of Sargodha—
141,701561Lahore University of Management Sciences—
151,752577Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University—
161,890641University of Engineering and Technology (Lahore)—
181,937661University of Sindh—
191,968670Dow University of Health Sciences—
201,975673Kohat University of Science and Technology—

Notes:

U.S. News & World Report

In the 2015 edition of top 500 international rankings, the U.S. News & World Report Best Global University Rankings listed the following Pakistani university:[19][20]

RankingWorld rankingAsia rankingUniversity
149689Quaid-i-Azam University

Webometrics

The Webometrics Ranking of World Universities, published by the Spanish Cybermetrics Lab, provides a listing of national, regional and international rankings of universities in Pakistan based on their web presence. Shown below, as per the 2016 edition, are the top 20 rankings only:

RankingWorld rankingAsia rankingSouth Asia rankingUniversity
11,80150924University of the Punjab
21,81851827National University of Sciences and Technology
31,86653330COMSATS Institute of Information Technology
41,90854833Aga Khan University
52,03459737Quaid-i-Azam University
62,04659938Islamia University
72,22968149Lahore University of Management Sciences
82,43776759University of Agriculture (Faisalabad)
92,63084373International Islamic University
102,63884675Allama Iqbal Open University
112,83492489University of Engineering and Technology (Lahore)
122,989979102Bahauddin Zakariya University
133,0741,014110University of Karachi
143,2331,074117Government College University (Lahore)
153,3371,110123University of Peshawar
163,4171,134128University of Sindh
173,4591,147131National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences
183,8831,309166NED University of Engineering and Technology
193,9641,330173Government College University (Faisalabad)
204,1131,385183Gomal University

uniRank

uniRank, formerly 4 International Colleges and Universities (4icu.org), ranks universities and colleges country-wise based on their web popularity and online footprint. It is not an academic ranking.[21] According to its website, uniRank uses an algorithm including web metrics from Moz Domain Authority, Alexa Global Rank, SimilarWeb Global Rank, Majestic Referring Domains and Majestic Trust Flow.[21] The top 10 results in Pakistan include the following universities:

RankingUniversity
1Quaid-i-Azam University
2University of the Punjab
3Aga Khan University
4Lahore University of Management Sciences
5COMSATS Institute of Information Technology
6National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences
7University of Agriculture (Faisalabad)
8Bahauddin Zakariya University
9University of Management and Technology
10University of Gujrat

Analysis and criticism

The HEC acknowledges that rankings are "a debatable subject all over the world".[2] It defines its ranking system as a measure to strengthen the quality of higher education, provide a tool for self-assessment, as well as ensure that universities achieve domestic and international competitiveness in education, innovation and research.[2] However, the HEC's rankings have been subject to criticism among educationists and policy-making experts in Pakistan. Some critics claim the rankings give "more weight to quantity than quality" of research, faculty and other key factors.[22][23][24]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Ranking Criteria and Weights". Higher Education Commission. 6 March 2012. Archived from the original on 2016-03-29. Retrieved 13 July 2016.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 "5th Ranking of Pakistani Higher Education Institutions (HEIs)" (PDF). Higher Education Commission. 23 February 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-23. Retrieved 13 July 2016.
  3. ↑ "Here's how 6 Pakistani universities ranked worldwide". The Express Tribune. 16 September 2015. Retrieved 13 July 2016.
  4. ↑ "Top Universities QS World University Rankings 2022". Retrieved 2022-10-21.
  5. ↑ "Top Universities QS World University Rankings 2023". Retrieved 2022-10-22.
  6. ↑ "Quality Enhancement Cells". Higher Education Commission. 19 February 2013. Archived from the original on 2016-06-04. Retrieved 13 July 2016.
  7. ↑ "Offices of Research, Innovation & Comercialization (ORICs)". Higher Education Commission. 19 March 2014. Archived from the original on 2016-04-04. Retrieved 13 July 2016.
  8. ↑ "QS Higher Education System Strength Rankings 2016". QS World University Rankings. Retrieved 13 July 2016.
  9. ↑ "Top Universities QS World University Rankings 2023". Retrieved 2022-10-22.
  10. ↑ "QS Asia University Rankings 2022". Retrieved 2022-10-22.
  11. ↑ "Quaid-i-Azam University". QS World University Rankings. 2015. Retrieved 13 July 2016.
  12. ↑ "Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS)". QS World University Rankings. 2015. Retrieved 13 July 2016.
  13. ↑ "University of Engineering and Technology (UET)". QS World University Rankings. 2015. Retrieved 13 July 2016.
  14. ↑ "University of Agriculture, Faisalabad". QS World University Rankings. 2015. Retrieved 13 July 2016.
  15. ↑ "Aga Khan University". QS World University Rankings. 2015. Archived from the original on 2016-06-21. Retrieved 13 July 2016.
  16. ↑ "National University of Sciences and Technology". Round University Ranking. 2016. Archived from the original on 2016-08-21. Retrieved 13 July 2016.
  17. ↑ "NED University of Engineering and Technology". Round University Ranking. 2016. Archived from the original on 2016-08-22. Retrieved 13 July 2016.
  18. ↑ "Methodology". GreenMetric Ranking UI. Retrieved 13 July 2016.
  19. ↑ "Quaid-i-Azam University ranked among 500 Best Global Universities". Dawn. 22 November 2014. Retrieved 13 July 2016.
  20. ↑ "U.S. News global Top 500 universities". Washington Post. 2015. Archived from the original on 2016-04-01. Retrieved 13 July 2016.
  21. 1 2 "About". 4 International Colleges and Universities. Retrieved 13 July 2016.
  22. ↑ Abbasi, Kashif (28 February 2016). "Experts find flaws with HEC's varsity ranking". Dawn. Retrieved 13 July 2016.
  23. ↑ Khawaja, Idrees (3 March 2016). "HEC's rankings". Dawn. Retrieved 13 July 2016.
  24. ↑ Haider, Murtaza (27 May 2015). "The HEC should never rank Pakistan's universities". Dawn. Retrieved 13 July 2016.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.