Governor of Hawaii
Ke Kiaʻaina o Hawaiʻi
Gubernatorial standard
Incumbent
Josh Green
since December 5, 2022
ResidenceWashington Place
Term lengthFour years, renewable once
PrecursorGovernor of Hawaii Territory
Inaugural holderWilliam F. Quinn
FormationAugust 21, 1959 (1959-08-21)
DeputyLieutenant Governor of Hawaii
Websitegovernor.hawaii.gov
Flag of the governor
Flag of the governor before statehood in 1959

The governor of the State of Hawaii is the head of government of Hawaii,[1] and commander-in-chief of the state's military forces.[2] The governor has a duty to enforce state laws;[2] the power to either approve or veto bills passed by the Hawaii Legislature;[3] the power to convene the legislature;[4] and the power to grant pardons, except in cases of treason and impeachment.[2]

Of the eight governors of the state, two have been elected to three terms, four have been elected to two terms, and one has been elected to one term. No state governor has yet resigned or died in office, nor did any territorial governor die in office. George Ariyoshi was the first Asian American to be governor of any U.S. state. The current governor is Democrat Josh Green, who took office on December 5, 2022.

The longest-serving governors are John A. Burns (1962–1974) and George Ariyoshi (1974–1986), both of whom served 12 years each.

List of governors

The Republic of Hawaii was annexed by the United States in 1898. It was organized into Hawaii Territory in 1900, and admitted as a state in 1959. The Republic had only one president, Sanford B. Dole, who later was the first territorial governor.

Hawaii Territory

Hawaii Territory was organized on June 14, 1900, remaining a territory for 59 years. Twelve people served as territorial governor, appointed by the president of the United States.

Governors of the Territory of Hawaii
No. Governor Term in office Appointed by
1 Sanford B. Dole
(1844–1926)
[5]		 June 14, 1900[lower-alpha 1]
–
November 23, 1903
(resigned)[lower-alpha 2]		 William McKinley
2 George R. Carter
(1866–1933)
[9]		 November 23, 1903[lower-alpha 3]
–
August 15, 1907
(resigned)[lower-alpha 4]		 Theodore Roosevelt
3 Walter F. Frear
(1863–1948)
[13]		 August 15, 1907[lower-alpha 5]
–
November 29, 1913
(successor appointed)		 Theodore Roosevelt
4 Lucius E. Pinkham
(1850–1922)
[16]		 November 29, 1913[lower-alpha 6]
–
June 22, 1918
(successor appointed)		 Woodrow Wilson
5 Charles J. McCarthy
(1861–1929)
[19]		 June 22, 1918[lower-alpha 7]
–
July 5, 1921
(successor appointed)		 Woodrow Wilson
6 Wallace Rider Farrington
(1871–1933)
[22]		 July 5, 1921[lower-alpha 8]
–
July 5, 1929
(successor appointed)		 Warren G. Harding
Calvin Coolidge
7 Lawrence M. Judd
(1887–1968)
[26]		 July 5, 1929[lower-alpha 9]
–
March 1, 1934
(successor appointed)		 Herbert Hoover
8 Joseph Poindexter
(1869–1951)
[29]		 March 1, 1934[lower-alpha 10]
–
August 24, 1942
(successor appointed)		 Franklin D. Roosevelt
9 Ingram Stainback[lower-alpha 11]
(1883–1961)
[34]		 August 24, 1942[lower-alpha 12]
–
April 30, 1951
(resigned)[lower-alpha 13]		 Franklin D. Roosevelt
Harry S. Truman
10 Oren E. Long
(1889–1965)
[38]		 May 8, 1951[lower-alpha 14]
–
February 28, 1953
(successor appointed)		 Harry S. Truman
11 Samuel Wilder King
(1886–1959)
[41]		 February 28, 1953[lower-alpha 15]
–
August 29, 1957
(resigned)[lower-alpha 16]		 Dwight D. Eisenhower
12 William F. Quinn
(1919–2006)
[45][46][47]		 September 2, 1957[lower-alpha 17]
–
August 21, 1959
(elected state governor)		 Dwight D. Eisenhower

State of Hawaii

Hawaii was admitted to the Union on August 21, 1959, consisting of Hawaii Territory minus Palmyra Atoll. Since then, there have been nine governors.

The governor is elected to a four-year term commencing on the first Monday in the December following the election. The lieutenant governor is elected for the same term and, since 1964, on the same ticket as the governor.[1][50] The 1978 constitutional convention established a term limit of two consecutive terms for both offices.[1] If the office of governor is vacant, the lieutenant governor becomes governor; if the governor is out of the state or unable to fulfill duties, the lieutenant governor acts as governor during such absence or disability.[51]

Governors of the State of Hawaii
No. Governor Term of office Party Election Lt. Governor[lower-alpha 18]
1   William F. Quinn
(1919–2006)
[45][46][47]		 August 21, 1959[52]
–
December 3, 1962
(lost election)		 Republican[53] 1959   James Kealoha
2 John A. Burns
(1909–1975)
[54][55]		 December 3, 1962[56]
–
December 2, 1974
(did not run)[54]		 Democratic[53] 1962 William S. Richardson
(resigned April 13, 1966)
Andrew T.F. Ing
1966 Thomas Gill
1970 George Ariyoshi
3 George Ariyoshi
(b. 1926)
[57][58]		 December 2, 1974[59]
–
December 1, 1986
(term-limited)[lower-alpha 19]		 Democratic[53] 1974 Nelson Doi
1978 Jean King
1982 John D. Waiheʻe III
4 John D. Waiheʻe III
(b. 1946)
[61]		 December 1, 1986[62]
–
December 5, 1994
(term-limited)[lower-alpha 19]		 Democratic[61] 1986 Ben Cayetano
1990
5 Ben Cayetano
(b. 1939)
[63]		 December 5, 1994[64]
–
December 2, 2002
(term-limited)[lower-alpha 19]		 Democratic[63] 1994 Mazie Hirono
1998
6 Linda Lingle
(b. 1953)
[65]		 December 2, 2002[66]
–
December 6, 2010
(term-limited)[lower-alpha 19]		 Republican[65] 2002 Duke Aiona
2006
7 Neil Abercrombie
(b. 1938)
[67]		 December 6, 2010[68]
–
December 1, 2014
(lost nomination)[69]		 Democratic[67] 2010 Brian Schatz
(resigned December 26, 2012)
Vacant
Shan Tsutsui
(took office December 27, 2012)
(resigned January 31, 2018)
8 David Ige
(b. 1957)
[70]		 December 1, 2014[71]
–
December 5, 2022
(term-limited)[lower-alpha 19]		 Democratic[70] 2014
Vacant
Doug Chin
(took office February 2, 2018)
2018 Josh Green
9 Josh Green
(b. 1970)
[72]		 December 5, 2022[73]
–
Incumbent[lower-alpha 20]		 Democratic[72] 2022 Sylvia Luke

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Dole was nominated on May 4, 1900,[6] confirmed by the Senate on May 9,[7] and took office on June 14.[5]
  2. ↑ Dole resigned, having been confirmed to the United States District Court for Hawaii Territory.[5][8]
  3. ↑ Carter was appointed on October 31, 1903,[10] during a Senate recess; nominated on November 11;[10] and confirmed by the Senate on November 23.[11]
  4. ↑ Carter's term was to have ended November 23, 1907, but he had stated he did not wish to serve again, so his successor was appointed early.[12]
  5. ↑ Frear was appointed on June 28, 1907,[14] during a Senate recess; nominated on December 3;[14] and was confirmed by the Senate on December 18;[15] He took office on August 15.[13]
  6. ↑ Pinkham was nominated on July 24, 1913,[17] and confirmed by the Senate on November 29.[18]
  7. ↑ McCarthy was nominated on April 18, 1918,[20] confirmed by the Senate on May 4,[21] and took office on June 22.[19]
  8. ↑ Farrington was nominated on June 2, 1921,[23] confirmed by the Senate on June 17,[24] and took office on July 5.[22] He was reconfirmed by the Senate on February 2, 1925.[25]
  9. ↑ Judd was nominated on April 24, 1929,[27] confirmed by the Senate on April 29,[28] and took office on July 5.[26]
  10. ↑ Poindexter was nominated on January 30, 1934,[30] confirmed by the Senate on February 5,[31] and took office on March 2.[29]
  11. ↑ Stainback had little power until October 24, 1944, as his predecessor had declared martial law on December 7, 1941, following the attack on Pearl Harbor, delegating executive authority to the military.[32] During the military rule, the territory was governed by Lieutenant Generals Walter Short, Delos Emmons, and Robert C. Richardson, Jr.[33]
  12. ↑ Stainback was nominated on July 23, 1942,[35] confirmed by the Senate on July 27,[36] and took office on August 24.[34] He was reconfirmed on July 13, 1946.[37]
  13. ↑ Stainback resigned due to poor health.[34]
  14. ↑ Long was nominated on April 23, 1951,[39] confirmed by the Senate on May 4,[40] and took office on May 8.[38]
  15. ↑ King was nominated on February 18, 1953,[42] confirmed by the Senate on February 23,[43] and took office on February 28.[41]
  16. ↑ King resigned when denied a second term by President Eisenhower, to take effect when his successor took office.[44]
  17. ↑ Quinn was nominated on August 9, 1957,[48] confirmed by the Senate on August 28,[49] and took office on September 2.[45]
  18. ↑ Lieutenant governors represented the same party as their governor unless noted.
  19. 1 2 3 4 5 Under the constitution as amended in 1978, governors cannot be elected to more than two consecutive terms.[60]
  20. ↑ Green's first term will expire on December 7, 2026.

References

General
  • "Former Hawaii Governors". National Governors Association. Retrieved February 21, 2023.
  • Sobel, Robert (1978). Biographical directory of the governors of the United States, 1789-1978, Vol. I. Meckler Books. ISBN 9780930466015. Retrieved July 10, 2019.
  • McMullin, Thomas A. (1984). Biographical directory of American territorial governors. Westport, CT : Meckler. ISBN 978-0-930466-11-4. Retrieved January 19, 2023.
  • Kallenbach, Joseph Ernest (1977). American State Governors, 1776-1976. Oceana Publications. ISBN 978-0-379-00665-0. Retrieved September 23, 2023.
  • Glashan, Roy R. (1979). American Governors and Gubernatorial Elections, 1775-1978. Meckler Books. ISBN 978-0-930466-17-6.
  • "Our Campaigns - Governor of Hawaii - History". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved July 25, 2023.
Constitution
Specific
  1. 1 2 3 HI Const. art. V, § 1
  2. 1 2 3 HI Const. art. V, § 5
  3. ↑ HI Const. art. IV, § 16
  4. ↑ HI Const. art. IV, § 10
  5. 1 2 3 McMullin 1984, pp. 105–106.
  6. ↑ U.S. Congress. Senate Exec. Journal. 56th Cong., 1st sess., 481, accessed February 21, 2023.
  7. ↑ U.S. Congress. Senate Exec. Journal. 56th Cong., 1st sess., 487, accessed February 21, 2023.
  8. ↑ "Confirmed by the Senate". The New York Times. November 24, 1903. p. 6. Retrieved September 26, 2023.
  9. ↑ McMullin 1984, pp. 106–108.
  10. 1 2 U.S. Congress. Senate Exec. Journal. 58th Cong., 1st sess., 14, accessed February 21, 2023.
  11. ↑ U.S. Congress. Senate Exec. Journal. 58th Cong., 1st sess., 89–91, accessed February 21, 2023.
  12. ↑ "Gov. Carter Will Quit". The New York Times. June 9, 1907. p. 4. Retrieved September 26, 2023.
  13. 1 2 McMullin 1984, pp. 108–109.
  14. 1 2 U.S. Congress. Senate Exec. Journal. 60th Cong., 1st sess., 83, accessed February 21, 2023.
  15. ↑ U.S. Congress. Senate Exec. Journal. 60th Cong., 1st sess., 158–159, accessed February 21, 2023.
  16. ↑ McMullin 1984, pp. 109–111.
  17. ↑ U.S. Congress. Senate Exec. Journal. 63rd Cong., 1st sess., 240, accessed February 21, 2023.
  18. ↑ U.S. Congress. Senate Exec. Journal. 63rd Cong., 1st sess., 441, accessed February 21, 2023.
  19. 1 2 McMullin 1984, pp. 111–112.
  20. ↑ U.S. Congress. Senate Exec. Journal. 65th Cong., 2nd sess., 860, accessed February 21, 2023.
  21. ↑ U.S. Congress. Senate Exec. Journal. 65th Cong., 2nd sess., 883, accessed February 21, 2023.
  22. 1 2 McMullin 1984, pp. 112–114.
  23. ↑ 61 Cong. Rec. 2032 (1921)
  24. ↑ 61 Cong. Rec. 2714 (1921)
  25. ↑ U.S. Congress. Senate Exec. Journal. 68th Cong., 2nd sess., 335, accessed February 21, 2023.
  26. 1 2 McMullin 1984, pp. 114–116.
  27. ↑ U.S. Congress. Senate Exec. Journal. 71st Cong., 1st sess., 32, accessed February 21, 2023.
  28. ↑ U.S. Congress. Senate Exec. Journal. 71st Cong., 1st sess., 46, accessed February 21, 2023.
  29. 1 2 McMullin 1984, pp. 116–117.
  30. ↑ U.S. Congress. Senate Exec. Journal. 73rd Cong., 2nd sess., 155, accessed February 21, 2023.
  31. ↑ U.S. Congress. Senate Exec. Journal. 73rd Cong., 2nd sess., 203, accessed February 21, 2023.
  32. ↑ Israel, Fred L. (August 1967). "Military Justice in Hawaii 1941–1944". Pacific Historical Review. 36 (3): 243–267. doi:10.2307/3637150. JSTOR 3637150.
  33. ↑ Rankin, Robert S. (May 1944). "Martial Law and the Writ of Habeas Corpus in Hawaii". The Journal of Politics. The Journal of Politics, Vol. 6, No. 2. 6 (2): 213–229. doi:10.2307/2125272. JSTOR 2125272. S2CID 153947841.
  34. 1 2 3 McMullin 1984, pp. 117–119.
  35. ↑ U.S. Congress. Senate Exec. Journal. 77nd Cong., 2nd sess., 463, accessed February 21, 2023.
  36. ↑ U.S. Congress. Senate Exec. Journal. 77nd Cong., 2nd sess., 468–469, accessed February 21, 2023.
  37. ↑ U.S. Congress. Senate Exec. Journal. 79th Cong., 2nd sess., 640, accessed February 21, 2023.
  38. 1 2 McMullin 1984, pp. 119–120.
  39. ↑ U.S. Congress. Senate Exec. Journal. 82nd Cong., 1st sess., 328, accessed February 21, 2023.
  40. ↑ U.S. Congress. Senate Exec. Journal. 82nd Cong., 1st sess., 388, accessed February 21, 2023.
  41. 1 2 McMullin 1984, pp. 120–122.
  42. ↑ U.S. Congress. Senate Exec. Journal. 83rd Cong., 1st sess., 154, accessed February 21, 2023.
  43. ↑ U.S. Congress. Senate Exec. Journal. 83rd Cong., 1st sess., 157, accessed February 21, 2023.
  44. ↑ "Hawaii Governor, Denied 2nd Term, Resigns Suddenly". The Los Angeles Times. Associated Press. July 26, 1957. p. 6. Retrieved February 21, 2023.
  45. 1 2 3 McMullin 1984, pp. 122–123.
  46. 1 2 Sobel 1978, p. 331.
  47. 1 2 "William Francis Quinn". National Governors Association. Retrieved February 21, 2023.
  48. ↑ U.S. Congress. Senate Exec. Journal. 85th Cong., 1st sess., 869, accessed February 21, 2023.
  49. ↑ U.S. Congress. Senate Exec. Journal. 85th Cong., 1st sess., 926, accessed February 21, 2023.
  50. ↑ Tuttle, Daniel W. Jr. (June 1967). "The 1966 Election in Hawaii". The Western Political Quarterly. The Western Political Quarterly, Vol. 20, No. 2. 20 (2, part 2): 563–567. doi:10.2307/446083. JSTOR 446083.
  51. ↑ HI Const. art. V, § 4
  52. ↑ Horio, Don (August 21, 1959). "Quinn, Kealoha Sworn In; 'Greatest Day for Isles'". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. p. 1. Retrieved August 15, 2023.
  53. 1 2 3 Kallenbach 1977, p. 150.
  54. 1 2 Sobel 1978, pp. 331–332.
  55. ↑ "John Anthony Burns". National Governors Association. Retrieved February 21, 2023.
  56. ↑ Lovinger, Paul W.; Black, Forrest (December 4, 1962). "Gov. Burns, Aides Take Up Duties". Honolulu Star-Bulletin. p. 1. Retrieved August 15, 2023.
  57. ↑ Sobel 1978, pp. 332–333.
  58. ↑ "George Ryoichi Ariyoshi". National Governors Association. Retrieved February 21, 2023.
  59. ↑ Burris, Jerry (December 3, 1974). "Gov. Ariyoshi Reaffirms Pledges to Hawaii's People During Festive, Historic Inauguration". The Honolulu Advertiser. p. A1. Retrieved August 15, 2023.
  60. ↑ "Hawaii Const. art. V, § 1". Retrieved December 16, 2023.
  61. 1 2 "John Waihee". National Governors Association. Retrieved February 21, 2023.
  62. ↑ Burris, Jerry (December 2, 1986). "Waihee Begins With Unity Call". The Honolulu Advertiser. p. A1. Retrieved August 15, 2023.
  63. 1 2 "Benjamin J. Cayetano". National Governors Association. Retrieved February 21, 2023.
  64. ↑ Botticelli, Ann (December 6, 1994). "New Governor Offers Hope at Iolani Bash". p. A1. Retrieved August 15, 2023.
  65. 1 2 "Linda Lingle". National Governors Association. Retrieved February 21, 2023.
  66. ↑ Arakawa, Lynda; Pang, Gordon Y. K. (December 3, 2002). "Lingle, Hawaii Begin Transition". The Honolulu Advertiser. p. A1. Retrieved August 15, 2023.
  67. 1 2 "Neil Abercrombie". National Governors Association. Retrieved February 21, 2023.
  68. ↑ DePledge, Derrick; Reyes, B. J. (December 7, 2010). "'Our Driving Message Will Be, Make It Happen'". Honolulu Star-Advertiser. p. A1. Retrieved August 15, 2023.
  69. ↑ "Hawaiian Governor Loses Primary by Wide Margin; Senate Race Is Undecided". The New York Times. August 11, 2014. Retrieved November 20, 2019.
  70. 1 2 "David Ige". National Governors Association. Retrieved February 21, 2023.
  71. ↑ Bussewitz, Cathy (December 2, 2014). "Ige Sworn In As Hawaii Governor". West Hawaii Today. Associated Press. p. 1A. Retrieved August 15, 2023.
  72. 1 2 "Josh Green". National Governors Association. Retrieved February 21, 2023.
  73. ↑ McAvoy, Audrey (December 6, 2022). "Gov. Green Targets Get". Hawaii Tribune-Herald. Associated Press. p. A1. Retrieved August 15, 2023.
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