Glossopteridales
Temporal range:
Various glossopterid pollen bearing reproductive structures
Leaf of Glossopteris
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Spermatophyta
Order: †Glossopteridales
Plumstead, 1956
Families
Synonyms
  • Arberiales
  • Ottokariales

Glossopteridales is an extinct order of seed plants, known from the Permian of Gondwana. They arose at the beginning of the Permian , and the majority or all members of the group became extinct at the end of the Permian (251.9 mya), during the Permian-Triassic extinction event. Possible Triassic records of the group have been recorded.[1] The best known genus is Glossopteris, a leaf form genus. Other examples are Gangamopteris, Glossotheca, and Vertebraria.

Permian permineralised glossopterid reproduction organs found in the central Transantarctic Mountains suggest seeds had an adaxial attachment to the leaf-like mega-sporophyll. This indicate Glossopteridales can be classified as seed ferns and is important in determining the status of the group as either close relatives or ancestors of the angiosperms.[2]

Midrib-less forms were common in the Early Permian whereas midrib forms were more common in the Late Permian.[3]

See also

References

Notes
  1. ↑ Zhang, Y.; Zheng, S.; Singh, K. J.; Wang, Y.; Zhang, S.; Saxena, A. (2022). "Glossopterids survived end-Permian mass extinction in North Hemisphere". Global Geology (English Edition). 25 (4): 214–254. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-9736.2022.04.02.
  2. ↑ Taylor & Taylor 1992, Abstract
  3. ↑ Srivastava 1991, Abstract
Sources


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