Francophone Canadians (or French-speaking Canadians) are citizens of Canada who speak French. In 2011, 9,809,155 people in Canada, or 30.1%[1] of the population, were Francophone, including 7,274,090 people, or 22% of the population, who declared that they had French as their mother tongue.[2]

Distribution

French administrative map of Canada.

Six million French-speaking Canadians reside in Quebec, where they constitute the main linguistic group, and another one million reside in other Canadian regions. The largest portion of Francophones outside Quebec live in Ontario, followed by New Brunswick, but they can be found in all provinces and territories.[3] The presence of French in Canada comes mainly from French colonization in America that occurred in the 16th to 18th centuries.

Francophones in Canada are not all of French Canadian or French descent, particularly in the English-speaking provinces of Ontario and Western Canada. A few Canadians of French Canadian or French origin are also not Francophone.

Unlike Francophones in Quebec, who generally identify simply as Québécois, Francophones outside Quebec generally identify as Francophone Canadians (e.g. Franco-Ontarians, Franco-Manitobans, etc.), the exception being Acadians, who constitute their own cultural group and live in Acadia, in the Maritime provinces. New Brunswick is Canada's only officially-bilingual province.[4] All three territories (the Yukon, the Northwest Territories, and Nunavut) include French among their official languages.[5][6][7]

Number of Francophones by province or territory in Canada (2012)[8]
Province or Territory Demonym Number
of Francophones		 Percentage
of the population
Alberta Franco-Albertans 81,085 2.2%
British Columbia Franco-Columbian 70,755 1.6%
Prince Edward Island Acadiens 5,685 4.1%
Manitoba Franco-Manitobains 47,680 4.0%
New Brunswick Acadiens & Brayons 234,410 31.6%
Nova Scotia Acadiens 34,585 3.8%
Nunavut Franco-Nunavois 450 1.4%
Ontario Franco-Ontarien 561,160 4.4%
Québec Québécois 6,684,125 85.5 %
Saskatchewan Fransaskois 18,935 1.9%
Newfoundland and Labrador Franco-Terreneuviens 3,015 0.6%
Northwest Territories Franco-Ténois 1,175 2.9%
Yukon Franco-Yukonnais 1,630 4.8%

Flags of French Canada

References

  1. ↑ Statistique Canada - Le français et la francophonie au Canada
  2. ↑ All statistics on the number of Francophones in this article include speakers of mother tongue French, and also those who have, along with French, another mother tongue.
  3. ↑ "Carte des communautés francophones et acadiennes – FCFA". Retrieved 2021-12-27.
  4. ↑ "History of Official Languages – OCOLNB – CLONB". Retrieved 2021-12-27.
  5. ↑ Toolkit, Web Experience (2016-12-28). "The Legislative Assembly of Nunavut adopts the Official Languages Act and the Inuit Language Protection Act". www.clo-ocol.gc.ca. Retrieved 2021-12-27.
  6. ↑ "Languages Overview | Office of the Official Languages Commissioner of the Northwest Territories". Retrieved 2021-12-27.
  7. ↑ Toolkit, Web Experience (2016-12-20). "Yukon adopts its Languages Act". www.clo-ocol.gc.ca. Retrieved 2021-12-27.
  8. ↑ "Population selon la langue maternelle et les groupes d'âge (Total), chiffres de 2011, pour le Canada, les provinces et les territoires".

This article has been partially or totally translated from the French-language article Canadiens francophones.

See also

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