Federation of Nigeria | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1954–1963 | |||||||||
| Motto: "Unity and Faith" | |||||||||
| Anthem: God Save the Queen (until 1960) Nigeria, We Hail Thee (from 1960) | |||||||||
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| Status | British protectorate (1954–1960) Sovereign state (1960–1963) | ||||||||
| Capital | Lagos | ||||||||
| Government | Federation as British protectorate (1954–1960) Federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy (1960–1963) | ||||||||
| Monarch | |||||||||
• 1954–1960 | Elizabeth II (as Queen of the United Kingdom) | ||||||||
• 1960–1963 | Elizabeth II (as Queen of Nigeria) | ||||||||
| Governor-General | |||||||||
• 1954–1955 | John Stuart Macpherson | ||||||||
• 1955–1960 | James Wilson Robertson | ||||||||
• 1960–1963 | Nnamdi Azikiwe | ||||||||
| Prime Minister | |||||||||
• 1960–1963 | Abubakar Tafawa Balewa | ||||||||
| Legislature | Parliament[1] | ||||||||
• Upper house | Senate | ||||||||
• Lower house | House of Representatives | ||||||||
| Historical era | Cold War | ||||||||
• Established | 1954 | ||||||||
| 1 October 1960 | |||||||||
| 1 October 1963 | |||||||||
| Currency | Nigerian pound | ||||||||
| |||||||||
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The Federation of Nigeria was a predecessor to modern-day Nigeria from 1954 to 1963. It was a British protectorate until its independence on 1 October 1960.
British rule of Colonial Nigeria ended in 1960, when the Nigeria Independence Act 1960[2] made the federation an independent sovereign state. Elizabeth II remained head of state as the Queen of Nigeria, as well as other dominions and commonwealth realms. Her constitutional roles in Nigeria were exercisable by the Governor-General of Nigeria. Three people held the office of governor-general during the whole existence of the Federation of Nigeria:
- Sir John Stuart Macpherson 1954 – 15 June 1955
- Sir James Wilson Robertson 15 June 1955 – 16 November 1960
- Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe 16 November 1960 – 1 October 1963
Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa held office as prime minister (and head of government).
The Federal Republic of Nigeria came into existence on 1 October 1963.[3] The monarchy was abolished and Nigeria became a republic within the Commonwealth. Following the abolition of the monarchy, former Governor-General Nnamdi Azikiwe became President of Nigeria, as a ceremonial post under the 1963 constitution.
Elizabeth II visited Nigeria in 1956 (28 January–16 February).
Stamps of the Federation
Coronation stamp, 1953
Depicting the groundnuts harvest, 1953
Depicting tin mining in Nigeria, 1953
Overprinted to mark the Queen's visit in 1956
Commemorating the centenary of the city of Victoria, 1958
See also
References
- ↑ "The Constitution of the Federation of Nigeria (1960)" (PDF). Worldstatemen.org. Retrieved 2017-01-26.
- ↑ Nigeria Independence Act 1960, 8 & 9 Eliz. 2 c.55
- ↑ Nigeria Republic Act 1963, c. 57
External links
- "Nigeria: Polity Style: 1954-2017". Archontology.org. Retrieved 2017-01-26.
- "Nigeria: Governors-General: 1954-1963". Archontology.org. Retrieved 2017-01-26.
- "Nigeria: Heads of State: 1960-1963". Archontology.org. Retrieved 2017-01-26.
- Ben Cahoon. "Nigeria". Worldstatesmen.org. Retrieved 2017-01-26.
- "COMMONWEALTH PRIME MINISTERS' CONFERENCE". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). 4 July 1960. Retrieved 2017-01-26.
- "NIGERIA (REPUBLIC) BILL". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). 17 December 1963. Retrieved 2017-01-26.
- "ROYAL COMMISSION (Hansard, 18 December 1963)". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard). 1963-12-18. Retrieved 2017-01-26.