VanossGaming
Fong in 2016
Born
Evan Fong

(1992-05-31) May 31, 1992
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
NationalityCanadian
Alma materRichmond Hill High School
University of Pennsylvania
(dropped out)
Occupations
  • YouTuber
  • Internet personality
  • Record producer
  • Disc jockey
  • Electronic music artist
YouTube information
Also known asVanoss
ChannelsVanossGaming
VanossGamingExtras
Years active2011–present
Genres
Subscribers
  • 25.9 million (VanossGaming)
  • 548 thousand (VanossGamingExtras)
Total views
  • 15.8 billion (VanossGaming)
  • 66.8 million (VanossGamingExtras)
Network
Associated acts
100,000 subscribers2013, 2022
1,000,000 subscribers2013
10,000,000 subscribers2014
Last updated: January 4, 2024
Musical career
Also known asRynx
Genres
Instrument(s)
Years active2017–present
Labels
WebsiteYouTube Channel
Ice hockey career
Height 180 cm (5 ft 11 in)
Weight 79 kg (174 lb; 12 st 6 lb)
Position Forward
Played for Villanova Knights (2009–2010)
Vaughan Vipers (2010–2011)
Dixie Beehives (2011)
Aurora Tigers (2011–2012)
Playing career 2009–2012
Websitevanoss.3blackdot.com
Signature

Evan Fong (born May 31, 1992), known online as VanossGaming (or simply Vanoss), is a Canadian YouTuber, music producer, and DJ. As one of the most popular gaming personalities on YouTube, his videography consists of montage-style videos of him and other creators playing various video games, such as Grand Theft Auto V and Garry's Mod. Born in Toronto, Fong dropped out of his Economics degree at the University of Pennsylvania to focus on his YouTube channel. On September 15, 2011, Fong registered his gaming channel "VanossGaming", where he would later find sustained success. Signing with multi-channel network (MCN) Machinima early in his career to monetize content, Fong was regularly the most viewed Machinima channel during his time with the MCM; "VanossGaming" was also one of the most subscribed channels on YouTube during the 2010s. Fong has since developed into a central figure in the video game commentary subculture.

Aside from YouTube, Fong produces music and performs as a DJ under the name Rynx, specialising in electric dance music (EDM), downtempo and indie electronic genres. Additionally, he has starred in various computer-animated shows including Paranormal Action Squad and Alpha Betas. Fong co-founded the record label and management company Avant Garden Records and the entertainment company 3Blackdot; in 2015, he helped produce 3Blackdot's first video game, Dead Realm. He has also featured in other media, spanning from a mobile game partnership series to music produced by a co-creator.

Fong was nominated for "Trending Gamer" in 2014 at The Game Awards and was nominated as the best in "Gaming" at the 8th and 12th Shorty Awards. During the 2010s, he was often among the highest paid gaming YouTubers on the platform and in 2017, was recognized by Forbes as one of the top gaming influencers. As of January 4, 2024, his gaming YouTube channel has over 25.9 million subscribers and 15.8 billion views.

Early life

Fong was born on 31 May 1992 and raised in Toronto, Ontario; he is of Korean and Chinese descent.[1][2] When Fong was young, he played video games "here and there", which included children's adventure and puzzle titles such as Freddi Fish and Pajama Sam.[‡ 1] Later in his youth, he played Duke Nukem 3D and said it was the first "violent game" he played; Fong frequently used cheat codes such as 'God-mode' or 'unlimited ammo' to make the game more enjoyable.[‡ 1] He graduated from Richmond Hill High School and studied economics at the University of Pennsylvania, but he later dropped out in his second year to focus on his YouTube channel as a full-time commitment.[3][4] He said that his parents were initially concerned that he was neglecting his studies in favor of producing content for his YouTube channel, admitting that "Even though there's a lot of potential for somebody starting a YouTube channel it's obviously not a guaranteed path."[3]

Fong used to play ice hockey, he started when he was six and played it competitively for many years before he started his YouTube channel.[‡ 1][2] Fong spent several years playing in the Ontario Junior Hockey League where he played for four different teams, Villanova Knights (2009–2010), Vaughan Vipers (2010–2011), Dixie Beehives (2011) and Aurora Tigers (2011–2012).[1][2] As a forward, he played 127 games, scoring 24 goals, whilst racking up 49 assists, and 73 points.[1] Fong revealed that whilst playing at youth level, he played against future National Hockey League (NHL) players Tyler Seguin and Jeff Skinner whilst the duo played in the Greater Toronto Hockey League with the Toronto Nationals.[‡ 2][5]

YouTube channel

VanossGaming's logo used between 2011 and 2015

Fong created the VanossGaming channel on YouTube on September 15, 2011.[6] The name "Vanoss" comes from VANOS,[lower-alpha 1] a variable valve timing system produced by German automobile company BMW;[7] Fong's father used the alias "vanoss62"[lower-alpha 2] on a PlayStation 3, which his son later adopted for his own.[‡ 2] Fong began to receive mainstream media attention as his channel approached 11 million subscribers in 2015.[3] Speaking at the time, he suggested that his success could be credited to the fact that "Viewers really like the authentic type of content from regular people just playing games because they can relate to that".[3] Fong's channel is said to capitalize from the "subculture of young people [that] are tuning out of TV" and preferring online content, specifically video game commentary.[3]

Fong signed with the multi-channel network (MCN) Machinima early in his career and was their most viewed channel in December 2015.[9] On April 30, 2015, Fong announced on Twitter that he had signed with Jetpak (stylized as JETPAK),[‡ 3] an MCN founded by former YouTubers Adam Montoya and Tom Cassell, along with several former Machinima employees.[10] Fong released a new logo for the VanossGaming brand in November 2015, the "owl themed" design is based on his Grand Theft Auto Online avatar,[‡ 4] which is also available to play as on Watch Dogs: Legion.[11]

Fong's content has earned him multiple award nominations, including two Shorty Awards for Tech and Innovation, under the category of Gaming, losing out to Rooster Teeth's Let's Play and NoisyButters in 2016 and 2020 respectively.[12][13] On March 6, 2015, he appeared on the "YouTube Gaming Evolution" panel at PAX East in Boston, Massachusetts, alongside panelists W1LDC4T43, Lui Calibre, Mini Ladd, TheBajanCanadian and JeromeASF.[14] He has been recognized as a central figure in the subculture of video game commentary, with publications attributing his massive popularity to his sense of authenticity.[15]

Video content and analysis

The majority of VanossGaming videos take the format of a montage or compilation, featuring various clips from a particular game session, usually featuring other video game commentators. The Canadian Press described "a typical Vanoss video" as one that features "Vanoss and a group of friends chatting, laughing and making jokes over gameplay from popular titles such as Grand Theft Auto V or Call of Duty: World at War."[3]

A version of Fong's avatar from Garry's Mod

Among a variety of content, Fong posts Garry's Mod exploit videos, often exploring and performing in different landscapes on user-created content servers, his content is an exceptional case in which player productivity can result in substantial monetary remuneration.[16] According to City University of Hong Kong scholar Peter Nelson, this form of content, for which Fong pioneered, is a manifestation of modern business development.[16] Nelson claimed in 2017 that "the spectacle of self-referentiality and pastiche [within the game itself] is emblematic of the cultural logic of late capitalism".[16] Fong's YouTube success symbolises a quantifiable outcome in sandbox gameplay, it is an example of modern entrepreneurship which capitalises on GMod's extended depth within the logic of the internet.[16] Fong never shows his face, but collaborates with other players and creators.[17] His presence on the social platform is a part of a sophisticated, but lucid, 'food chain'; he is an established gaming genre YouTuber which feeds beginner content creators with his genre and formatting ideas, contributing to 'YouTuber content branches'.[17] Themes of established creators, such as Fong, Swedish YouTuber PewDiePie and English creator KSI, are distributed across the 'food chain' as exemplars for success, notably with formatting and genres involving humour sketches, parodies, highlights and compilations.[17]

Alongside PewDiePie and Sky Does Minecraft, Fong's channel was credited for the substantial growth in popularity of gaming content on YouTube during the 2010s; in 2018 the genre was the fourth most popular category on the platform.[15] Fong's genre appeals mostly to boys and adolescents, with male's accounting for over 80% of viewership in 2018.[15] The format exhibited by Fong and similar creators has been described as a form of improvisational-comedy and as a madcap approach to the original style of video game commentary.[15] Whilst they have been strong commercial advisories as they produce content within the same genre, PewDiePie's output has key differences to Fong's content.[15] His footage nearly always feature his online friendship group within a small variety of games, whereas PewDiePie's footage usually features himself alone within a larger variety of games.[15] When explaining why recording with friends improves his content, Fong in 2015 compared watching a movie by yourself to watching one with friends, saying "I'll laugh a lot more with friends as opposed to just watching by myself", also mentioning that his particular group of coworkers makes his content unique.[‡ 5] Fong's social impact on boys and adolescents was analysed and published in the New Media & Society journal in 2018.[15]

Fong's content is mainly "fast, funny moment videos" which compile the highlights of gaming sessions with his friends, eliminating what he calls "downtime" or uninteresting content.[‡ 5] He uploads this format over 'let's play' content because young people have short attention spans and busy lives, the 'montage format' can be a "quick and funny video", which is far more engaging and is "exciting the entire time".[‡ 5] Due to the nature of this format, he can spend almost an entire day searching, compiling and editing his content which in his view is a high quality video, and for larger projects, this process can take almost an entire week.[‡ 5]

Popularity and wealth

I think the biggest [difference] is that more personal connection. How we feel just hanging out together as friends, that has always been the leading energy of our content. I think the audience these days wants that closer connection, that feel like they know us or whoever it is they're watching.

– Fong discussing the differences between a 'traditional celebrity' and a popular YouTuber.[18]

During 2015 and 2016, VanossGaming was one of the most subscribed channels on the YouTube.[19] On June 29, 2015, he was the 18th most subscribed channel on platform, he was also the 6th most-subscribed channel which was not 'branded',[lower-alpha 3] ranked behind only PewDiePie, HolaSoyGerman, Smosh, JennaMarbles and nigahiga.[19] The American business magazine Forbes named Fong as one of the gaming industry's top influencers in 2017.[20] During that year, Fong earned approximately US$15.5 million from his YouTube channel, making him the second highest paid YouTuber on the platform behind only DanTDM, who pulled in $16.5 million the same year.[21] In 2022, he had an estimated net worth of $25 million according to Slice.[22] As of November 1, 2023, the VanossGaming channel has over 15.7 billion views and 25.9 million subscribers.[23]

Vanoss Crew

Fong often plays games with friends and collaborators, many of which feature frequently in his content. The "Vanoss Crew" have developed into some of the most recognizable gaming YouTubers on the platform, with the group collaborating on a selection of multiplayer games and producing merchandise that feature the group's logos and catchphrases.[24][25] YouTubers that appear regularly in Fong's videos include Nogla, Terroriser, H2ODelirious, I AM WILDCAT, BasicallyIDoWrk, Moo, and Fourzer0seven.[24][lower-alpha 4]

Other projects

Fong co-founded 3Blackdot with Cassell (pictured in 2018) and Montoya in 2013.

Fong co-founded the entertainment studio and marketing firm 3Blackdot (stylized as 3BLACKDOT, or 3BD for short) in 2013 with fellow YouTubers Tom "Syndicate" Cassell and Adam "SeaNanners" Montoya.[30] The studio has produced a selection of video games including Zombie Killer Squad, the firm also matches advertisers with YouTubers through marketing and agency work.[31] The production studio has worked on a variety of film, television and literature including co-financing and co-producing the critically acclaimed drama Queen & Slim and creating intellectual property for the New York Times best seller The Proudest Blue.[32][33] In 2017, the company was sold to the French online media company Webedia for "several tens of millions of Euros".[34] The US$87 million valued company was sold again in 2022 to company CEO, Reginald Cash, making it one of the few black-owned media companies in America.[35]

Developed by Section Studios and published by 3Blackdot, Fong, Cassell and Montoya partnered on a video gamed entitled Dead Realm, a horror-style multiplayer PC game released via Steam as an early release on July 30, 2015;[36][2] it was later fully released on May 25, 2017.[37] Since the game was released, it has been reviewed over 4000 times on Steam, with a majority of the comments containing 'mixed' reviews.[2] Whilst promoting the game on their respective YouTube channels, Fong, Cassell and Montoya did not disclose their financial ties with the video game, failing to comply with Federal Trade Commission (FTC) guidelines.[38] Fong was the only promoter who made any attempt in disclosing his ties to 3Blackdot, mentioning in the text description of his first Dead Realm video: "We will also be releasing new ghost characters, human characters, and maps as time goes on...Thanks for all your support."[39] According to Gamasutra (Game Developer since 2021) with input from an FTC representative, the statement "probably doesn't cut it" as it was not clear, conspicuous or upfront.[39] On August 27, 2020, three years since its official release, 3Blackdot ended its support of the game, shutting down all of its servers and effectively discontinuing the game.[40]

Co-creator Hanby (pictured in 2023) features alongside Fong in both The Magic Tomato and Alpha Betas.

Between 2016 and 2017, Fong partnered with Spanish game developer Social Point and his cofounded marketing agency 3Blackdot, to create the three-part computer-animated series The Magic Tomato, to promote a mobile game developed by Social Point entitled Monster Legends.[41] It was a series designed to grow outside of the integration which indirectly increased in-game user activity and drive game downloads.[41] The series featured Fong and co-creators H2ODelirious, Terroriser, I AM WILDCAT, Lui Calibre and sp00n.[41] By engaging the collective audience of 40+ million at the time, the animated-series and partnership was deemed a success and was later entered into the 9th edition of the Shorty Awards under the gaming category.[41]

Fong featured in a computer-animated series entitled Paranormal Action Squad, written by Michael Rowe, it aired on YouTube Red (YouTube Premium since 2018), on November 24.[42] The eight-episode series follows the 'paranormal enthusiast' duo Paul (voiced by Montoya) and Eddie (Scott "Mr_Sark" Robison), as well as their owl-headed neighbor Vanoss (Fong) as they fight supernatural ghostly creatures.[42] Bubbleblabber reviewer John Schwarz praised Fong and the cast's voice acting, but felt the show's overall premies was lost during the course of the series.[43]

Fong, along with co-creators Brian "Terroriser" Hanby, Marcel "BasicallyIDoWrk" Cunningham and Tyler "I AM WILDCAT" Wine, produced and starred in a computer-animated series entitled Alpha Betas.[18] Premiering on March 13, 2021, on the VanossGaming YouTube channel,[44] the show was created by Chris Bruno and David Howard Lee with production led by 3Blackdot and Starburns Industries.[18][44] The series follows Alpha Team, a CIA-backed group of four gamers, Eddie, Tommy, Buck and Mason (voiced by Fong, Wine, Hanby and Cunningham respectively), as they play video games to keep the world in order through the world of gaming.[45] The series also features John DiMaggio, Chris Parnell and Stephanie Beatriz in a variety of supporting roles.[46] Following the premiere, 3Blackdot ran a successful Kickstarter campaign to fund the show, bringing in more than $1.3 million from over 8000 sponsors.[28]

Music career

Rynx is one of the fast-rising artists coming out of Canada, and his tropical house track is the perfect summer tune, showcasing the artist's production and mixing talents across all genres.

– British music magazine Wonderland discussing Rynx's popularity, referring to his single "Read My Mind" featuring Mainland as a "tropical house track".[47]

Fong co-founded the Los Angeles based record label and management company Avant Garden Records with Brittany Crawford and Azad Naficy.[48] Under the pseudonym of Rynx, he joined Avant Garden as an artist specialising in downtempo, electronic dance music (EDM), and Indie electronic genres.[49][50] Fong released his first song on August 25, 2017, a remix of "U-Rite" by hip-hop group They (stylized as THEY.). He later released his debut single "Want You" featuring Miranda Glory on December 12.[51]

During 2018, Rynx released a selection of remixes including reworks of the Alison Wonderland song, “Cry”, and Gallant's "Doesn't Matter".[52] In July, Fong released his second single "I'm Alright" featuring vocalist Jimi Ono; the electronic single was released with a nightclub-school themed music video.[53] The following year, Rynx produced five more singles including "Hold On" featuring They singer Drew Love,[54] "Read My Mind" featuring Mainland (with an accompanying acoustic single),[47] "Club Poor" featuring Tiny Meat Gang,[55] and "All for You" featuring Kiesza.[56] Rynx was gaining a reputation as an artist who could pit "cutting edge hip-hop ideas against lucid electronics to create something startling, and absolutely new" according to Robin Murray from the British-based music magazine Clash.[54] Fong released his debut studio album, In Pieces, on October 25, 2019[57] with a follow-up remix version on July 17, 2020.[58]

Selected videography

As of November 1, 2023[59]
Top 10 most-viewed VanossGaming videos on YouTube
# Video name Views (mil.) Upload date Video
1 "Gmod Sandbox – The Toys Escape! (Garry's Mod Skits & Funny Moments)" 65.5 January 16, 2015
2 "Gmod Deathrun – Spongebob Parody Map! (Garry's Mod Sandbox Funny Moments)" 52.0 April 11, 2015
3 "Gmod Shopping Mall – Movie Theater, Apple Store, The Gun Store (Garry's Mod Funny Moments)" 51.3 May 21, 2014
4 "Gmod: Five Minutes at Freddy's (Garry's Mod Sandbox Funny Moments)" 51.3 September 10, 2014
5 "Vanoss Gaming Funny Moments – Best Moments of 2014 (Gmod, GTA 5, Skate 3, & More!)" 51.0 January 3, 2015
6 "Gmod Sandbox Funny Moments – Sniper Battle, Ninja Vanish, C4 Cocoon! (Garry's Mod)" 48.2 August 28, 2014
7 "GTA 5 Online Funny Moments – Bullet Proof Helmet, Trolling Ohm, ATV Fun!" 47.7 January 28, 2015
8 "Five Nights At Freddy's Vs. Minecraft! (Left 4 Dead 2 Funny Moments and Mods)" 45.8 August 20, 2015
9 "Gmod Adventure Map – 6 Challenges (Garry's Mod Sandbox Funny Moments)" 45.3 June 28, 2014
10 "Gmod Deathrun Funny Moments – Minecraft Edition! (Knowledge)" 43.0 October 29, 2015

Discography

Canadian singer Kiesza partnered with Fong to produce the single "All for You" in 2019.
Fong remixed Alison Wonderland's "Cry" in 2018.

Studio albums

List of studio albums by Rynx
Title Album details
In Pieces
In Pieces (The Remixes)
  • Released: 17 July 2020[58]
  • Labels: Avant Garden, Island
  • Formats: digital download

Singles

List of singles by Rynx
Title Year Album
"Want You"[51]
(featuring Miranda Glory)		 2017 In Pieces
"I'm Alright"[60]
(featuring Jimi Ono)		 2018
"Hold On"[54]
(featuring Drew Love)		 2019
"Read My Mind"[47]
(featuring Mainland)
"Read My Mind (Acoustic)"[61]
(featuring Mainland)		 non-album single
"Club Poor"[55]
(with Tiny Meat Gang)		 In Pieces
"All For You"[56]
(featuring Kiesza)

Guest appearance

VanossGaming guest appearance
Title Year Artist Album
"Shave My Balls"[62]
(featuring Cosmic & Nogla)		 2019 Terroriser non-album single

Filmography

Evan Fong filmography
Year(s) Title Role Network Episodes
2016 Paranormal Action Squad Himself YouTube Red 8 (All)
2016–2017 The Magic Tomato Himself 3BLACKDOT 3 (All)
2016–2017 YouTube Rewind Himself YouTube 2
2017 Vanoss Superhero School Himself[lower-alpha 5] 3BLACKDOT 2
2021–2022 Alpha Betas Eddie Long[lower-alpha 6] 3BLACKDOT 6 (All)

Awards and nominations

Evan Fong award nominations
Award Year Category Result Ref.
Forbes 2017 Top Influencers: Gaming Won [20]
The Game Awards 2014 Trending Gamer Nominated [63]
Shorty Awards 2016 Tech and Innovation: Gaming Nominated [12]
2020 Nominated [13]

See also

Footnotes

  1. ↑ VANOS is derived from the German term "variable Nockenwellensteuerung", translating to variable camshaft control[7]
  2. ↑ Which likely refers to the S62 engine, BMW's first V8 engine to have double-VANOS[8]
  3. ↑ i.e., does not belong to an organization or company
  4. ↑ Corroborating sources:[26][27][28][29]
  5. ↑ Also attributed as creator, writer and executive producer
  6. ↑ Also attributed as an executive producer and voiced additional characters

References

Citations

  1. 1 2 3 "Evan Fong". HockeyDB. Archived from the original on July 14, 2023. Retrieved July 14, 2023.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 Farner, Shawn (April 29, 2020). "The Untold Truth of VanossGaming". SVG. Archived from the original on July 14, 2023. Retrieved July 14, 2023.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Toronto man draws millions playing games on YouTube". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. The Canadian Press. January 14, 2015. Archived from the original on May 20, 2023. Retrieved June 17, 2015.
  4. ↑ "VanossGaming Profile". Forbes. Archived from the original on May 23, 2023. Retrieved June 29, 2023.
  5. ↑ Hunter, Paul (July 31, 2011). "Seguin returns to minor hockey roots in Toronto with Stanley Cup". Toronto Star. Archived from the original on April 19, 2023. Retrieved July 1, 2023.
  6. ↑ "About VanossGaming". YouTube. Archived from the original on June 8, 2023. Retrieved June 14, 2023.
  7. 1 2 "BMW Technology Guide: VANOS/Double-VANOS". BMW. Archived from the original on February 3, 2017. Retrieved July 8, 2023.
  8. ↑ "Here are all the facts about BMW's hottest V-8". USautoparts. Archived from the original on June 16, 2012. Retrieved July 8, 2023.
  9. ↑ Cohen, Joshua (January 25, 2015). "Top 100 Most Viewed YouTube Channels Worldwide • December 2015". Tubefilter. Archived from the original on July 25, 2016. Retrieved July 8, 2023.
  10. ↑ "3BLACKDOT Launches JETPAK, The Alternative Multi-Channel Network" (Press release). 3BLACKDOT. Archived from the original on December 6, 2022. Retrieved July 8, 2023 – via PR Newswire.
  11. ↑ "Vanoss Clothing in Watch Dogs: Legion Available Now!". Ubisoft. Archived from the original on July 8, 2023. Retrieved July 8, 2023.
  12. 1 2 Lee, Ashley (April 11, 2016). "Shorty Awards: The Complete Winners List". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on October 5, 2022. Retrieved June 14, 2023.
  13. 1 2 "From the 12th Annual Shorty Awards – Best in Gaming". Shorty Awards. 2020. Archived from the original on March 26, 2023. Retrieved June 14, 2023.
  14. ↑ "YouTube Gaming Evolution". PAX East. 2015. Archived from the original on March 18, 2015. Retrieved June 14, 2023.
  15. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Maloney, M; Roberts, S; Caruso, A (2018). "'Mmm ... I love it, bro!': Performances of masculinity in YouTube gaming '". New Media & Society. Sage. 20 (5). doi:10.1177/1461444817703368. S2CID 21666131. Archived from the original on April 29, 2023. Retrieved April 29, 2023.
  16. 1 2 3 4 Nelson, Peter (2017). A Game Made From Other Games: Actions and Entities in Garry's Mod. The Philosophy of Computer Games Conference, Kraków 2017. Proceedings of the Philosophy of Computer Games Conference, Krakow. pp. 1–10 – via Academia.
  17. 1 2 3 Himma-Kadakas, Marju; Kõuts-Klemm, Ragne (August 2018). "The food chain of YouTubers: engaging audiences with formats and genres". Observatorio. Estonia: 54–75 – via ResearchGate.
  18. 1 2 3 Breznican, Anthony (June 25, 2020). "Game On: Animated Alpha Betas Will Be Powered By YouTube Stars". Vanity Fair. Condé Nast. Archived from the original on March 30, 2023. Retrieved December 24, 2020.
  19. 1 2 "The Top Youtubers Throughout History". Medium. October 22, 2016. Archived from the original on February 3, 2023. Retrieved June 14, 2023.
  20. 1 2 "Top Influencers of 2017: Gaming". Forbes. 2017. Archived from the original on February 16, 2023. Retrieved June 29, 2023.
  21. ↑ Saha, Mrinal (December 13, 2017). "Here are the Top 10 highest paid YouTubers of 2017". TechWiser. Archived from the original on March 21, 2023. Retrieved June 29, 2023.
  22. ↑ Murray, Doug (October 17, 2022). "The Richest Online Gamers in 2022 — Based on Net Worth". Slice. Corus Entertainment Inc. Archived from the original on March 31, 2023. Retrieved June 29, 2023.
  23. ↑ "VanossGaming's YouTube Stats". Social Blade. Archived from the original on December 16, 2014. Retrieved September 1, 2023.
  24. 1 2 "The Story of VanossGaming – The Legendary YouTube Gamer". nnn.ng. NNN News Nigeria. June 20, 2023. Archived from the original on June 25, 2023. Retrieved July 4, 2023.
  25. ↑ Nambiar, Prerna (May 24, 2021). "Ohmwrecker and H20 Delirious Twitter Drama Explored: Keemster's Video aims at Vanoss Crew". HITC. Archived from the original on June 15, 2023. Retrieved July 14, 2023.
  26. ↑ Nagle, David (April 2, 2023). This game brought the Vanoss Crew back together. Nogla. Archived from the original on July 3, 2023. Retrieved July 3, 2023 – via YouTube.
  27. ↑ "GTA Online: Mobile Operations with Vanoss and Crew". Rockstar Games. July 5, 2017. Archived from the original on July 2, 2023. Retrieved July 3, 2023.
  28. 1 2 Leeman, Zachary (November 2, 2022). "Alpha Betas' Fledgling Voice Actors Were Intimidated By John DiMaggio's Legendary Voicework". Looper. Static Media. Archived from the original on December 4, 2022. Retrieved July 5, 2023.
  29. ↑ "YouTube Favorite: H2ODelirious Gunrunning Funny Moments". Rockstar Games. June 20, 2017. Archived from the original on July 14, 2023. Retrieved July 14, 2023.
  30. ↑ Beresford, Trilby (April 1, 2021). "Digital Studio 3BlackDot Inks Deal With Management Firm BavaMedia (Exclusive)". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on June 24, 2023. Retrieved July 5, 2023.
  31. ↑ Nutt, Christian (July 31, 2014). "Startup puts YouTubers at its center, and that changes everything". Gamasutra. Informa PLC. Archived from the original on January 31, 2023. Retrieved July 5, 2023.
  32. ↑ Maas, Jennifer (March 10, 2022). "New York Esports Giant Andbox Taps 3BlackDot, 51 Minds Vet Mitchell Lawrence Smith as CCO (EXCLUSIVE)". Variety. Archived from the original on June 28, 2023. Retrieved July 5, 2023.
  33. ↑ "3BLACKDOT Publishing". 3BLACKDOT. March 25, 2014. Archived from the original on June 28, 2023. Retrieved July 5, 2023.
  34. ↑ "Webedia acquiert 3BlackDot aux Etats-Unis" [Webedia acquires 3BlackDot in the United States]. Les Echos (in French). June 16, 2017. Archived from the original on July 12, 2017. Retrieved July 5, 2023.
  35. ↑ Coffee, Patrick (July 25, 2022). "CEO Buys 3BlackDot, Making It One of the Few Black-Owned Media Companies". The Wall Street Journal. Dow Jones & Company. Archived from the original on August 29, 2022. Retrieved July 5, 2023.
  36. ↑ "3BLACKDOT Releases Early Access STEAM Horror Mega-Hit 'Dead Realm'" (Press release). 3BLACKDOT. August 19, 2015. Archived from the original on May 20, 2023. Retrieved November 22, 2015 – via PR Newswire.
  37. ↑ "Official Launch". 3BLACKDOT. May 25, 2017. Archived from the original on June 2, 2017. Retrieved August 9, 2023 – via Steam.
  38. ↑ Chalk, Andy (August 22, 2015). "Dead Realm YouTubers' lack of disclosure may violate FTC regulations". PC Gamer. Future plc. Archived from the original on August 8, 2023. Retrieved August 9, 2023.
  39. 1 2 Wawro, Alex (August 19, 2015). "Dead Realm publisher disregards FTC disclosure guidelines for YouTubers". Gamasutra. Informa PLC. Archived from the original on February 5, 2023. Retrieved August 9, 2023.
  40. ↑ "Dead Realm Game Closure Announcement". 3BLACKDOT. August 20, 2020. Archived from the original on August 8, 2023. Retrieved August 9, 2023 – via Steam.
  41. 1 2 3 4 "From the 9th Annual Shorty Awards – The Magic Tomato". Shorty Awards. Archived from the original on July 24, 2021. Retrieved July 1, 2023.
  42. 1 2 Spangler, Todd (November 2, 2016). "YouTube Red Sets Adult Animated Comedy 'Paranormal Action Squad' Starring Vanoss, SeaNanners, Mr_Sark". Variety. Penske Media Corporation. Archived from the original on May 20, 2023. Retrieved October 14, 2020.
  43. ↑ Schwarz, John (January 5, 2017). "Season Review: Paranormal Action Squad season one". Bubbleblabber. Archived from the original on July 5, 2023. Retrieved July 5, 2023.
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Primary sources

In the text these references are preceded by a double dagger (‡):

  1. 1 2 3 Fong, Evan (March 13, 2014). GTA 5 – Q&A (How I Met My Friends, First Video Game, Superheroes, Hockey, Minecraft, Favorite Video). VanossGaming. Archived from the original on July 14, 2023. Retrieved July 14, 2023 – via YouTube.
  2. 1 2 Fong, Evan (January 27, 2013). Black Ops 2 Vanoss Q&A Answers Vlogs, Hockey, Smoking Weed, My Name, Accomplishments. VanossGaming. Archived from the original on June 14, 2023. Retrieved June 14, 2023 – via YouTube.
  3. ↑ Fong, Evan [@VanossGaming] (April 30, 2015). "As of this morning, I am incredibly proud to say that I am officially part of the @GETJETPAK network. Feels great to be home :)" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  4. ↑ Fong, Evan (November 26, 2015). Gmod Prop Hunt Funny Moments – Snack House & Barrel Room! (Garry's Mod). VanossGaming. Archived from the original on July 8, 2023. Retrieved July 8, 2023 – via YouTube.
  5. 1 2 3 4 Fong, Evan (March 6, 2015). PAX East 2015 – YouTube Gaming Evolution (Convention). PAX. Archived from the original on August 3, 2021 – via The Unofficial Convention Archive.
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