Statue of Deity of Earth and Soil in Polytheism left - Statue dìguān dàdì (Three Great Emperor-Officials), in Taoism and Chinese folk religion in Magongsānguān shrine (澎湖三官殿) Magong Penghu, Taiwan and right - Geb in Ancient Egyptian religion
Painting in Yuan dynasty of Goddess Dimǔ Niángniáng with attendant, in Taoism and Chinese folk religion at Yongle Palace Temple (永樂宮) of Ruicheng, Shanxi Province, China
Statue of syncretic Goddess Persephone - Isis with a sistrum, Heraklion Archaeological Museum, Heraklion, Crete

This is a list of earth deities. An Earth god or Earth goddess is a deification of the Earth associated with a figure with chthonic or terrestrial attributes. There are many different Earth goddesses and gods in many different cultures mythology. However, Earth is usually portrayed as a goddess. Earth goddesses are often associated with the chthonic deities of the underworld.[1]

In Greek mythology, the Earth is personified as Gaia, corresponding to Roman Terra, Indic Prithvi/Bhūmi, etc. traced to an "Earth Mother" complementary to the "Sky Father" in Proto-Indo-European religion. Egyptian mythology have the sky goddesses, Nut and Hathor, with the earth gods, Osiris and Geb. Ki and Ninhursag are Mesopotamian earth goddesses.

African mythology

Akan mythology

  • Asase Yaa, the goddess of the harsh earth, Truth and Mother of the Dead. An ancient religious figure worshipped by the indigenous Akan people of the Guinea Coast, Asase/Yaa is also known as Aberewa which is Akan for "Old Woman". Not only is she an Earth Goddess she also represents procreation, truth, love, fertility, peace, and the earth of the Akan.
  • Asase Afua, the Goddess of the lush earth, fertility, love, procreation and farming

Aksumite

Bakongo religion

  • Nzambici, the God of Essence, the Earth and Sky Mother, mother of all animals

Egyptian mythology

  • Geb, god of the earth, vegetation, earthquakes, and snakes; "God of Earth and Land"

Igbo mythology

  • Ala, alusi of the earth, morality, fertility, and creativity

Malagasy mythology

Yoruba mythology

Akoy tahimik lang sa umpisa

American mythology

Aztec mythology

Haudenosaunee mythology

  • Hah-nu-nah, the turtle that bears the world.

Inca mythology

Inuit mythology

  • Alignak, in Inuit mythology, a lunar deity, but also god of earthquakes, as well as weather, water, tides, and eclipses

Lakota mythology

  • Maka-akaŋ, the earth goddess

Lucumi

Mapuche

Southwestern

Asian mythology

Ainu mythology

Anatolian mythology

  • Cybele, mother goddess of the earth

Chinese mythology

Gondi mythology

  • Bhivsen or Bhimal, god of the earth
  • Bhum, goddess of the earth and mother of humanity

Hittite mythology

  • Sarruma, god of the mountains
  • Ubelluris, mountain god who bears the world in his shoulders

Hindu mythology

Buddhist mythology

Meitei mythology

In Meitei mythology and religion:

Sumerian mythology

Thai mythology

Turkic and Mongolian mythology

Vedic religion

In Historical Vedic religion:

Vietnamese

  • Ông Địa, is the earth god who governs the land
  • Ông Tà, the god who governs the fields and gardens
  • Mẫu Địa
  • Diêu Trì Địa Mẫu
  • Bà Thổ
  • Hậu Thổ

European mythology

Albanian mythology

Baltic mythology

Celtic mythology

  • Danu, ancient goddess of the earth

Etruscan mythology

  • Cel, goddess of the earth

Finnish mythology

  • Akka, goddess of the earth

Georgian mythology

  • Mindort-batoni, god of the mountains

Germanic mythology

  • Jörð, goddess of the earth
  • Nerthus, earth goddess
  • Skaði, goddess of the mountains and winter
  • Sif, goddess of the earth

Greek mythology

  • Demeter, goddess of the harvest, sacred law, and the earth
  • Gaia, primordial goddess of the earth. She was one of the earliest elemental deities, having been created at the beginning of time. It was thought that all creation is descended from Gaia, the great mother of all things. According to Greek mythology, she was the creator of the universe and was responsible for the birth of both humanity and the first race of gods the Titans.
  • Cronus, god of the harvest.
  • Poseidon, one of the Twelve Olympians in ancient Greek religion and myth; god of the sea and other waters, earthquakes and horses.
  • Cybele
  • Persephone
  • Rhea

Latvian mythology

Lithuanian mythology

Roman mythology

Romanian

Slavic mythology

  • Mat Zemlya, ancient goddess of the earth
  • Mokosh, goddess of fertility, moisture, women, the earth, and death. One of the oldest and only goddess in the slavic religion, Old Kievan pantheon of AD 980 mentions Mokoš, which survives in East Slavic folk traditions. Known as a woman who in the evening spins flax and wool, shears sheep, and has a large head and long arms.
  • Troglav, deity in Slavic mythology whose three heads were believed to represent sky, earth and the underworld.
  • Veles, horned god of the underworld, water, the earth, wealth, and cattle
  • Volos, Slavic god of earth, waters, and the underworld.

Oceanian mythology

Hawaiian mythology

Maori mythology

Western Asian mythology

Levantine mythology

  • Amurru, Amorite deity, occasionally called "lord of the steppe" or "lord of the mountain" [8]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Definition of EARTH GODDESS". www.merriam-webster.com. Retrieved 2017-06-20.
  2. ↑ "รู้จักกับ "พระภูมิทั้ง 9" คู่บ้าน คู่เมืองชาวสยาม! เทวดาผู้ดูแลเรือกสวนไร่นาป่าเขา บูชาตามประเพณี คุ้มครองป้องภัย พลิกร้ายกลายดี". 29 August 2017.
  3. ↑ Šmits, Pēteris (1918). Latviešu Mitoloģija (PDF) (in Latvian). Latviesu rakstnieku un makslinieku biedriba. pp. 14–15. OCLC 12301101 – via dom.lndb.lv. Other editions: OCLC 12301047, 776694498, 276876979; Reprinted: ISBN 9789955591085
  4. ↑ Paliepa, Jānis (2011). The origin of the Baltic and Vedic languages: Baltic mythology ; Interdisciplinary treatise. Bloomington, IN, US: Author House. pp. 46, 52. ISBN 9781456729028. OCLC 1124421252, 890769223.
  5. ↑ Jānis, Tupešu (Fall 1987). "The Ancient Latvian Religion — Dievturība". LITUANUS: Lithuanian Quarterly Journal of Arts and Sciences. Chicago, IL, US: LITUANUS Foundation. 33 (3). ISSN 0024-5089. OCLC 561497100.
  6. ↑ Te Papa. "Ruaumoko - God of Earthquakes". Wellington, New Zealand: Earthquake Commission. Archived from the original on 9 May 2012. Retrieved 8 May 2012.
  7. ↑ McSaveney, Eileen (2 March 2009). "Historic earthquakes - Earthquakes in Māori tradition". Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Wellington, New Zealand: Manatū Taonga | Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 3 May 2012.
  8. ↑ Beaulieu, Paul-Alain. "The God Amurru as Emblem of Ethnic and Cultural Identity". In: Ethnicity in Ancient Mesopotamia (W. van Soldt, R. Kalvelagen, and D. Katz, eds.) Papers Read at the 48th Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale, Leiden, July 1–4, 2002. PIHANS 102. Nederlands: Instituut voor her Nabije Oosten, 2005. pp. 31-46.
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