Secular Progressive Alliance
AbbreviationSPA
ChairpersonM. K. Stalin
FounderM. Karunanidhi
FoundedApril 2006
IdeologyBig tent
Factions:
Social democracy[1]
Secularism[2]
Communism[3]
Marxism[4]
Political positionCentre-left
AllianceINDIA (National)
Seats in Lok Sabha
38 / 39
Seats in Rajya Sabha
12 / 18
Seats in State Legislative Assemblies
159 / 234

(Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly)

8 / 33
(Puducherry Legislative Assembly)
Number of states and union territories in government
1 / 31

Secular Progressive Alliance also known as Secular Democratic Front is an alliance of Indian political parties formed by the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK).

History

The alliance was known as the Democratic Progressive Alliance 2006–2009 and 2014–2016. It became the Secular Progressive Alliance in 2021.

Duration Election year Allied parties
Democratic Progressive Alliance
2006-2009 2006 DMK, INC, PMK, CPI, CPI(M), IUML
2014-2016 2014[5] DMK, VCK, PT, IUML, MMK
Secular Progressive Alliance
2021-Present 2021 DMK, INC, VCK, MDMK, CPI, CPI(M), IUML, MMK, KMDK, TVK, AIFB

Withdrawals

The Left parties defected to the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK)-led front in 2009 after it withdrew support to the Congress-led United Progressive Alliance coalition in the Centre.

The Pattali Makkal Katchi withdrew support in 2008 over differences with the DMK but it still remained in the Congress-led UPA in the Centre. But after differences of seat sharing before the 15th Lok Sabha, it withdrew support to the UPA also and crossed over to the AIADMK-led front.

The Manithaneya Makkal Katchi was formed in 2009 by the Tamil Nadu Muslim Munnetra Kazagham and immediately joined the DPA. But before the Lok Sabha elections, its demand for two Lok Sabha seats and one Rajya Sabha seat was turned down by the DMK who offered them a lone Lok Sabha seat. The MMK withdrew from the DPA and as of now tied up with small parties like actor Sarath Kumar-led Akila Indiya Samathuva Makkal Katchi, the Puthiya Tamilzhagam and the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).

Members

Party Ideology Seats
Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam Dravidianism
133 / 234
Indian National Congress Social liberalism
18 / 234
Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi Anti-casteism and Anti-classism
4 / 234
Communist Party of India (Marxist) Marxism-Leninism
2 / 234
Communist Party of India Marxism–Leninism
2 / 234
All India Forward Bloc Left-wing nationalism No Seats
Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam Dravidianism
Kongunadu Makkal Desia Katchi Indigenism
Manithaneya Makkal Katchi Social democracy
Indian Union Muslim League Social Conservatism
Tamizhaga Vazhvurimai Katchi Populism
Makkal Viduthalai Katchi
Aathi Tamizhar Peravai Ambedkarism

Puducherry

Governments

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Dravida Munnetra Kazgham (DMK)". Business Standard India. Retrieved 10 August 2019.
  2. ↑ Soper, J. Christopher; Fetzer, Joel S. (2018). Religion and Nationalism in Global Perspective. Cambridge University Press. pp. 200–210. ISBN 978-1-107-18943-0.
  3. ↑ Chakrabarty, Bidyut (2014). Communism in India: Events, Processes and Ideologies. Oxford University Press. p. 314. ISBN 978-0-199-97489-4.
  4. ↑ "Party constitution". India: All India Forward Bloc. 2017. Retrieved 22 April 2017.
  5. ↑ "DMK-led Democratic Progressive Alliance to mobilise people under 'secular front'". The Economic Times. 5 March 2014. Retrieved 8 May 2021.
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