Delaware's at-large congressional district
Representative
  Lisa Blunt Rochester
DWilmington
Area2,489 sq mi (6,450 km2)
Distribution
  • 83.3% urban[1]
  • 16.7% rural
Population (2022)1,018,396
Median household
income
$82,174[2]
Ethnicity
Cook PVID+7[3]

Delaware's at-large congressional district is a congressional district that includes the entire U.S. state of Delaware. It is the nation's oldest congressional district, having existed uninterrupted since the 1st United States Congress in 1789. It is also the most populous congressional district in the nation. Delaware has always had only one member of the United States House of Representatives, except for a single decade from 1813 and 1823, when the state had two at-large members. The two seats were filled by a statewide ballot, with the two candidates receiving the highest votes being elected.

Mike Castle, a Republican and former governor of Delaware, held this seat from January 1993 until his retirement in January 2011, after his unsuccessful bid for the Republican nomination to run for U.S. Senator. Even as Delaware swung heavily Democratic at the state and national level, Castle was usually reelected without serious difficulty. Since his retirement, however, the Democrats have held it with no substantive opposition.

The district is currently represented by Lisa Blunt Rochester, a Democrat.

Recent statewide results

Year Office Results
1992 President B. Clinton 44–35%
1996 President B. Clinton 52–37%
2000 President Gore 55–42%
2004 President Kerry 53–45%
2008 President Obama 61–36%
2012 President Obama 59–40%
2016 President H. Clinton 53–42%
2020 President Biden 59–40%

List of members representing the district

Member Party Years Cong
ress
Electoral history

John Vining
(Dover)
Pro-
Administration
March 4, 1789 –
March 3, 1793
1st
2nd
Elected in 1789.
Re-elected in 1790.
Retired.

John Patten
(Dover)
Anti-
Administration
March 4, 1793 –
February 14, 1794
3rd Elected in 1792.
Lost election contest.
Henry Latimer
Henry Latimer
(Newport)
Pro-
Administration
February 14, 1794 –
February 7, 1795
3rd Won election contest.
Lost re-election.

John Patten
(Dover)
Democratic-
Republican
March 4, 1795 –
March 3, 1797
4th Elected in 1794.
Retired.

James A. Bayard
(Wilmington)
Federalist March 4, 1797 –
March 3, 1803
5th
6th
7th
Elected in 1796.
Re-elected in 1798.
Re-elected in 1800.
Lost re-election.

Caesar Augustus Rodney
(Wilmington)
Democratic-
Republican
March 4, 1803 –
March 3, 1805
8th Elected in 1802.
Lost re-election.
Vacant March 4, 1805 –
October 1, 1805
9th James A. Bayard was elected in 1804 but declined to serve, having also been elected U.S. senator.

James M. Broom
(Wilmington)
Federalist October 1, 1805 –
October 6, 1807
9th
10th
Elected October 1, 1805 to finish Bayard's term and seated December 2, 1805.
Re-elected in 1806, but declined the seat.

Nicholas Van Dyke
(New Castle)
Federalist October 6, 1807 –
March 3, 1811
10th
11th
Elected to finish Broom's term.
Re-elected in 1808.
Retired.

Henry M. Ridgely
(Dover)
Federalist March 4, 1811 –
March 3, 1815
12th
13th
Elected in 1810.
Re-elected in 1812.
Retired.

Thomas Clayton
(Dover)
Federalist March 4, 1815 –
March 3, 1817
14th Elected in 1814.
Lost re-election.

Louis McLane
(Wilmington)
Federalist[lower-alpha 1] March 4, 1817 –
March 3, 1825
15th
16th
17th
18th
19th
Elected in 1816.
Re-elected in 1818.
Re-elected in 1820.
Re-elected in 1822.
Re-elected in 1824.
Re-elected in 1826 but declined to serve having been elected U.S. senator.
Jacksonian March 4, 1825 –
March 3, 1827
Vacant March 3, 1827 –
October 2, 1827
20th

Kensey Johns Jr.
(New Castle)
Anti-
Jacksonian
October 2, 1827 –
March 3, 1831
20th
21st
Elected October 2, 1827 to finish McLane's term and seated December 3, 1827.
Re-elected in 1828.
Retired.

John J. Milligan
(Wilmington)
Anti-
Jacksonian
March 4, 1831 –
March 3, 1837
22nd
23rd
24th
25th
Elected in 1830.
Re-elected in 1832.
Re-elected in 1834.
Re-elected in 1836.
Lost re-election.
Whig March 4, 1837 –
March 3, 1839
Thomas Robinson Jr.
(Georgetown)
Democratic March 4, 1839 –
March 3, 1841
26th Elected in 1838.
Lost re-election.

George B. Rodney
(New Castle)
Whig March 4, 1841 –
March 3, 1845
27th
28th
Elected in 1840.
Re-elected in 1842.
Retired.

John W. Houston
(Georgetown)
Whig March 4, 1845 –
March 3, 1851
29th
30th
31st
Elected in 1844.
Re-elected in 1846.
Re-elected in 1848.
Retired.

George R. Riddle
(Wilmington)
Democratic March 4, 1851 –
March 3, 1855
32nd
33rd
Elected in 1850.
Re-elected in 1852.
Lost re-election.
Elisha D. Cullen
(Georgetown)
Know
Nothing
March 4, 1855 –
March 3, 1857
34th Elected in 1854.
Lost re-election.

William G. Whiteley
(New Castle)
Democratic March 4, 1857 –
March 3, 1861
35th
36th
Elected in 1856.
Re-elected in 1858.
Retired.

George P. Fisher
(Dover)
Unionist March 4, 1861 –
March 3, 1863
37th Elected in 1860.
Lost re-election.
William Temple
William Temple
(Smyrna)
Democratic March 4, 1863 –
May 28, 1863
38th Elected in 1862.
Died.
Vacant May 28, 1863 –
December 7, 1863
38th

Nathaniel B. Smithers
(Dover)
Unconditional
Unionist
December 7, 1863 –
March 3, 1865
38th Elected to finish Temple's term.
Lost re-election.

John A. Nicholson
(Dover)
Democratic March 4, 1865 –
March 3, 1869
39th
40th
Elected in 1864.
Re-elected in 1866.
Retired.
Benjamin T. Biggs
Benjamin T. Biggs
(Summit Bridge)
Democratic March 4, 1869 –
March 3, 1873
41st
42nd
Elected in 1868.
Re-elected in 1870.
Retired.
James R. Lofland
(Milford)
Republican March 4, 1873 –
March 3, 1875
43rd Elected in 1872.
Lost re-election.

James Williams
(Kenton)
Democratic March 4, 1875 –
March 3, 1879
44th
45th
Elected in 1874.
Re-elected in 1876.
Retired.
Edward L. Martin
(Seaford)
Democratic March 4, 1879 –
March 3, 1883
46th
47th
Elected in 1878.
Re-elected in 1880.
Retired.

Charles B. Lore
(Wilmington)
Democratic March 4, 1883 –
March 3, 1887
48th
49th
Elected in 1882.
Re-elected in 1884.
Retired.

John B. Penington
(Dover)
Democratic March 4, 1887 –
March 3, 1891
50th
51st
Elected in 1886.
Re-elected in 1888.
Retired.

John W. Causey
(Milford)
Democratic March 4, 1891 –
March 3, 1895
52nd
53rd
Elected in 1890.
Re-elected in 1892.
Retired.

Jonathan S. Willis
(Milford)
Republican March 4, 1895 –
March 3, 1897
54th Elected in 1894.
Lost re-election.

L. Irving Handy
(Newark)
Democratic March 4, 1897 –
March 3, 1899
55th Elected in 1896.
Lost re-election.

John H. Hoffecker
(Smyrna)
Republican March 4, 1899 –
June 16, 1900
56th Elected in 1898.
Died.
Vacant June 16, 1900 –
November 6, 1900
Walter O. Hoffecker
(Smyrna)
Republican November 6, 1900 –
March 3, 1901
Elected to finish his father's term.
Retired.

L. Heisler Ball
(Faulkland)
Republican March 4, 1901 –
March 3, 1903
57th Elected in 1900.
Retired to run for U.S. senator.

Henry A. Houston
(Millsboro)
Democratic March 4, 1903 –
March 3, 1905
58th Elected in 1902.
Retired.

Hiram R. Burton
(Lewes)
Republican March 4, 1905 –
March 3, 1909
59th
60th
Elected in 1904.
Re-elected in 1906.
Lost renomination.

William H. Heald
(Wilmington)
Republican March 4, 1909 –
March 3, 1913
61st
62nd
Elected in 1908.
Re-elected in 1910.
Retired.

Franklin Brockson
(Clayton)
Democratic March 4, 1913 –
March 3, 1915
63rd Elected in 1912.
Lost re-election.

Thomas W. Miller
(Wilmington)
Republican March 4, 1915 –
March 3, 1917
64th Elected in 1914.
Lost re-election.

Albert F. Polk
(Georgetown)
Democratic March 4, 1917 –
March 3, 1919
65th Elected in 1916.
Lost re-election.

Caleb R. Layton
(Georgetown)
Republican March 4, 1919 –
March 3, 1923
66th
67th
Elected in 1918.
Re-elected in 1920.
Lost re-election.

William H. Boyce
(Dover)
Democratic March 4, 1923 –
March 3, 1925
68th Elected in 1922.
Lost re-election.

Robert G. Houston
(Georgetown)
Republican March 4, 1925 –
March 3, 1933
69th
70th
71st
72nd
Elected in 1924.
Re-elected in 1926.
Re-elected in 1928.
Re-elected in 1930.
Retired.
Wilbur L. Adams
(Wilmington)
Democratic March 4, 1933 –
January 3, 1935
73rd Elected in 1932.
Retired to run for U.S. senator.

J. George Stewart
(Wilmington)
Republican January 3, 1935 –
January 3, 1937
74th Elected in 1934.
Lost re-election.
William F. Allen
(Seaford)
Democratic January 3, 1937 –
January 3, 1939
75th Elected in 1936.
Lost re-election.
George S. Williams
(Millsboro)
Republican January 3, 1939 –
January 3, 1941
76th Elected in 1938.
Lost re-election.
Philip A. Traynor
(Wilmington)
Democratic January 3, 1941 –
January 3, 1943
77th Elected in 1940.
Lost re-election.
Earle D. Willey
(Dover)
Republican January 3, 1943 –
January 3, 1945
78th Elected in 1942.
Lost re-election.
Philip A. Traynor
(Wilmington)
Democratic January 3, 1945 –
January 3, 1947
79th Elected in 1944.
Lost re-election.

J. Caleb Boggs
(Wilmington)
Republican January 3, 1947 –
January 3, 1953
80th
81st
82nd
Elected in 1946.
Re-elected in 1948.
Re-elected in 1950.
Retired to run for Governor of Delaware.

Herbert Warburton
(Wilmington)
Republican January 3, 1953 –
January 3, 1955
83rd Elected in 1952.
Retired to run for U.S. senator.

Harris McDowell
(Middletown)
Democratic January 3, 1955 –
January 3, 1957
84th Elected in 1954.
Lost re-election.

Harry G. Haskell Jr.
(Wilmington)
Republican January 3, 1957 –
January 3, 1959
85th Elected in 1956.
Lost re-election.

Harris McDowell
(Middletown)
Democratic January 3, 1959 –
January 3, 1967
86th
87th
88th
89th
Elected in 1958.
Re-elected in 1960.
Re-elected in 1962.
Re-elected in 1964.
Lost re-election.

William Roth
(Wilmington)
Republican January 3, 1967 –
December 31, 1970
90th
91st
Elected in 1966.
Re-elected in 1968.
Retired to run for U.S. senator and resigned after the election.
Vacant December 31, 1970 –
January 3, 1971
91st

Pete du Pont
(Rockland)
Republican January 3, 1971 –
January 3, 1977
92nd
93rd
94th
Elected in 1970.
Re-elected in 1972.
Re-elected in 1974.
Retired to run for Governor of Delaware.

Thomas B. Evans Jr.
(Wilmington)
Republican January 3, 1977 –
January 3, 1983
95th
96th
97th
Elected in 1976.
Re-elected in 1978.
Re-elected in 1980.
Lost re-election.

Tom Carper
(Wilmington)
Democratic January 3, 1983 –
January 3, 1993
98th
99th
100th
101st
102nd
Elected in 1982.
Re-elected in 1984.
Re-elected in 1986.
Re-elected in 1988.
Re-elected in 1990.
Retired to run for Governor of Delaware.

Mike Castle
(Wilmington)
Republican January 3, 1993 –
January 3, 2011
103rd
104th
105th
106th
107th
108th
109th
110th
111th
Elected in 1992.
Re-elected in 1994.
Re-elected in 1996.
Re-elected in 1998.
Re-elected in 2000.
Re-elected in 2002.
Re-elected in 2004.
Re-elected in 2006.
Re-elected in 2008.
Retired to run for U.S. senator.

John Carney
(Wilmington)
Democratic January 3, 2011 –
January 3, 2017
112th
113th
114th
Elected in 2010.
Re-elected in 2012.
Re-elected in 2014.
Retired to run for Governor of Delaware.

Lisa Blunt Rochester
(Wilmington)
Democratic January 3, 2017 –
present
115th
116th
117th
118th
Elected in 2016.
Re-elected in 2018.
Re-elected in 2020.
Re-elected in 2022.
Retiring at the end of term to run for U.S. Senator.

Second at-large seat: 1813–1823

From 1813 to 1823, Delaware elected two members of the United States House of Representatives. Both were elected statewide at-large. Four men held the second seat during that decade.

Member Party Years Cong
ress
Electoral history
Thomas Cooper
(Georgetown)
Federalist March 4, 1813 –
March 3, 1817
13th
14th
Elected in 1812.
Re-elected in 1814.
Lost re-election.

Willard Hall
(Dover)
Democratic-
Republican
March 4, 1817 –
January 22, 1821
15th
16th
Elected in 1816.
Re-elected in 1818.
Lost re-election and resigned early.
Vacant January 22, 1821 –
March 3, 1821
16th

Caesar Augustus Rodney
(Wilmington)
Democratic-
Republican
March 4, 1821 –
January 24, 1822
17th Elected in 1820.
Resigned when elected U.S. senator.
Vacant January 24, 1822 –
October 1, 1822

Daniel Rodney
(Lewes)
Federalist October 1, 1822 –
March 3, 1823
Elected to finish his cousin's term.
Retired.

Electoral history

1920

1920 United States House of Representatives election in Delaware
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Caleb R. Layton (Incumbent) 52,145 56%
Democratic James R. Clements 40,206 43%
Socialist Robert A. Walker 1,063 .01%
Independent Howard T. Ennis 196 .02%
Total votes 93,609 100%
Turnout  
Republican hold

1922

1922 United States House of Representatives election in Delaware
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic William H. Boyce 39,126 54%
Republican Caleb R. Layton (Incumbent) 32,577 45%
Independent Frank A. Houck 908 .01%
Total votes 72,611 100%
Turnout  
Democratic gain from Republican

1924

1924 United States House of Representatives election in Delaware
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Robert G. Houston 51,536 59%
Democratic William H. Boyce (incumbent) 35,943 41%
Independent Florence Garvin 519 0.05
Total votes 87,998 100%
Turnout  
Republican gain from Democratic

1926

1926 United States House of Representatives election in Delaware
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Robert G. Houston (incumbent) 38,919 52%
Democratic Merrill H. Tilghman 35,943 48%
Total votes 74,862 100%
Turnout  
Republican hold

1928

1928 United States House of Representatives election in Delaware
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Robert G. Houston (incumbent) 66,361 64%
Democratic John M. Richardson 38,045 36%
Total votes 104,406 100%
Turnout  
Republican hold

1930

1930 United States House of Representatives election in Delaware
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Robert G. Houston (incumbent) 48,493 56%
Democratic John P. Le Fevre 38,391 44%
Independent Arnold Williams 127 0.01%
Total votes 87,011 100%
Turnout  
Republican hold

1932

1932 United States House of Representatives election in Delaware
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Wilbur L. Adams 51,698 46%
Republican Reuben Satterthwaite Jr. 48,841 44%
Prohibition Francis B. Short 10,560 9%
Socialist Edgar G. Shaeffer 887 0.08%
Communist Frank Rhoades 110 0.01%
Total votes 112,096 100%
Turnout  
Democratic gain from Republican

1934

1934 United States House of Representatives election in Delaware
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican J. George Stewart 52,829 53%
Democratic John C. Hazzard 45,771 46%
Socialist William A. Mayor 404 0.4%
Communist Joseph P. Daniels 58 .006%
Total votes 99,062 100%
Turnout  
Republican gain from Democratic

1936

1936 United States House of Representatives election in Delaware
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic William F. Allen 65,485 52%
Republican J. George Stewart (incumbent) 55,664 44%
Republican James A. Ellison 5,338 4%
Socialist William A. Mayor 176 0.01%
Total votes 126,663 100%
Turnout  
Democratic gain from Republican

1938

1938 United States House of Representatives election in Delaware
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican George S. Williams 60,661 56%
Democratic William F. Allen (incumbent) 46,989 43%
Republican William J. Highfield 816 0.07%
Progressive Ralph L. Brown 105 0.01%
Total votes 108,571 100%
Turnout  
Republican gain from Democratic

1940

1940 United States House of Representatives election in Delaware
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Philip A. Traynor 68,205 51%
Republican George S. Williams (incumbent) 64,384 48%
Independent Royden C. Caulk 816 0.06%
Total votes 133,405 100%
Turnout  
Democratic gain from Republican

1980

1980 Delaware's at-large congressional district election[4]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Tom Evans (incumbent) 133,842 62%
Democratic Robert Maxwell 81,227 37%
Libertarian Lawrence Sullivan 1,506 1%
Total votes 216,575 100%
Republican hold

1982

1982 Delaware's at-large congressional district election[5]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Thomas R. Carper 98,533 52%
Republican Tom Evans (incumbent) 87,153 46%
American Mary Gies 1,109 1%
Libertarian Richard Cohen 711 0.38%
N/A David Nuttall 558 0.30%
Total votes 188,064 100%
Democratic gain from Republican

1984

1984 Delaware's at-large congressional district election[6]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Thomas R. Carper (incumbent) 142,070 58%
Republican Elise du Pont 100,650 41%
Libertarian V. Luther Etzel 294 0.12%
Total votes 243,014 100%
Democratic hold

1986

1986 Delaware's at-large congressional district election[7]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Thomas R. Carper (incumbent) 106,351 66%
Republican Thomas Nueberger 53,767 33%
American Patrick Harrison 639 0.40%
Total votes 160,757 100%
Democratic hold

1988

1988 Delaware's at-large congressional district election[8]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Thomas R. Carper (incumbent) 158,338 68%
Republican James P. Krapf 76,179 32%
Total votes 234,517 100%
Democratic hold

1990

1990 Delaware's at-large congressional district election[9]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Thomas R. Carper (incumbent) 116,274 66%
Republican Ralph Williams 58,037 33%
Libertarian Richard Cohen 3,121 1%
N/A Write-ins 3 <0.01%
Total votes 177,435 100%
Democratic hold

1992

1992 Delaware's at-large congressional district election[10]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Mike Castle 153,037 55%
Democratic S. B. Woo 117,426 43%
Libertarian Peggy Schmitt 5,661 2%
Total votes 276,124 100%
Republican gain from Democratic

1994

1994 Delaware's at-large congressional district election[11]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Mike Castle (incumbent) 137,945 71%
Democratic Carol Ann DeSantis 51,793 27%
Libertarian Danny Ray Beaver 3,866 2%
Independent Donald M. Hockmuth 1,404 0.72%
Total votes 195,008 100%
Republican hold

1996

1996 Delaware's at-large congressional district election[12]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Mike Castle (incumbent) 185,577 70%
Democratic Dennis E. Williams 73,258 27%
Libertarian George A. Jurgensen 4,000 2%
Constitution Felicia B. Johnson 3,009 1%
Natural Law Bob Mattson 987 0.37%
Total votes 266,831 100%
Republican hold

1998

1998 Delaware's at-large congressional district election[13]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Mike Castle (incumbent) 119,811 66%
Democratic Dennis E. Williams 57,446 32%
Constitution James P. Webster 2,411 1%
Natural Law Kim Stanley Bemis 859 1%
N/A Write-ins 2 <0.01%
Total votes 180,529 100%
Republican hold

2000

2000 Delaware's at-large congressional district election[14]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Mike Castle (incumbent) 211,797 68%
Democratic Micheal C. Miller 96,488 31%
Constitution James P. Webster 2,490 0.5%
Libertarian Brad C. Thomas 2,351 0.5%
Total votes 313,126 100%
Republican hold

2002

2002 Delaware's at-large congressional district election[15]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Mike Castle (incumbent) 164,605 72%
Democratic Micheal C. Miller 61,011 27%
Libertarian Brad C. Thomas 2,789 1%
Total votes 228,405 100%
Republican hold

2004

2004 Delaware's at-large congressional district election[16]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Mike Castle (incumbent) 245,978 69%
Democratic Paul Donnelly 105,716 30%
Independent Maurice J. Barros (write-in) 2,337 0.5%
Libertarian William E. Morris 2,014 0.5%
Total votes 356,045 100%
Republican hold

2006

2006 Delaware's at-large congressional district election[17]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Mike Castle (incumbent) 143,897 57%
Democratic Dennis Spivack 97,565 39%
Independent Karen M. Hartley-Nagle 5,769 2%
Green Michael Berg 4,463 2%
Total votes 251,694 100%
Republican hold

2008

2008 Delaware's at-large congressional district election
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Michael Castle (incumbent) 235,437 61%
Democratic Karen Hartley-Nagle 146,434 38%
Libertarian Mark Parks 3,586 1%
Total votes 385,457 100%
Republican hold

2010

2010 Delaware's at-large congressional district election
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic John Carney 173,543 57%
Republican Glen Urquhart 125,442 41%
Independent Earl R. Lofland 3,704 1%
Libertarian Brent Wangen 1,986 1%
Independent Jeffrey Brown 961 0.31%
Total votes 305,636 100%
Turnout  
Democratic gain from Republican

2012

2012 Delaware's at-large congressional district election[18]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic John Carney (incumbent) 249,905 64%
Republican Tom Kovach 129,749 33%
Green Bernard August 4,273 2%
Libertarian Scott Gesty 4,096 1%
Total votes 388,023 100%
Democratic hold

2014

2014 Delaware's at-large congressional district election[19]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic John Carney (incumbent) 137,251 59%
Republican Rose Izzo 85,146 37%
Green Bernard August 4,801 2%
Libertarian Scott Gesty 4,419 2%
Total votes 231,617 100%
Democratic hold

2016

2016 Delaware's at-large congressional district election[19]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Lisa Blunt Rochester 233,554 56%
Republican Hans Reigle 172,301 41%
Green Mark Andrew Perri 8,326 2%
Libertarian Scott Gesty 6,436 2%
Total votes 420,617 100%
Democratic hold

2018

2018 Delaware's at-large congressional district election[19]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Lisa Blunt Rochester (incumbent) 227,353 64.5%
Republican Scott Walker 125,384 35.5%
Turnout 352,737 46.1%
Total votes 352,737 100%
Democratic hold

2020

2020 Delaware's at-large congressional district election
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Lisa Blunt Rochester (incumbent) 281,382 57.6%
Republican Lee Murphy 196,392 40.2%
Independent Catherine S. Purcell 6,682 1.3%
Libertarian David L. Rogers 3,814 0.7%
Turnout
Total votes 488,270 100%
Democratic hold

2022

2022 Delaware's at-large congressional district election[20]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Lisa Blunt Rochester (incumbent) 178,416 55.4%
Republican Lee Murphy 138,201 42.9%
Libertarian Cody McNutt 3,074 0.9%
Non-Partisan Delaware David Rogers 1,958 0.6%
Total votes 321,568 100%
Democratic hold

Notes

  1. Supported the Crawford faction in the 1824 United States presidential election

References

  • Barone, Michael; Richard E. Cohen (2005). The Almanac of American Politics. Washington: National Journal Group. ISBN 0-89234-112-2.
  • Martin, Roger A. (1995). Memoirs of the Senate. Newark, DE: Roger A. Martin.
  1. "Urban Rural Population United States in 2010 – Distribution". Statista. Archived from the original on February 1, 2018. Retrieved May 7, 2018.
  2. "My Congressional District".
  3. "2022 Cook PVI: District Map and List". The Cook Political Report. July 12, 2022. Retrieved January 7, 2023.
  4. Representatives, Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of. "Office of the Clerk of the U.S. House of Representatives – 404". clerk.house.gov. Archived from the original on March 25, 2016. Retrieved May 7, 2018.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  5. Representatives, Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of. "Office of the Clerk of the U.S. House of Representatives – 404". clerk.house.gov. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved May 7, 2018.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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